%!PS-Adobe-2.0 %%Creator: dvips(k) 5.96.1 Copyright 2007 Radical Eye Software %%Title: fitsio.dvi %%CreationDate: Wed Jul 18 13:51:22 2012 %%Pages: 136 %%PageOrder: Ascend %%BoundingBox: 0 0 612 792 %%DocumentFonts: CMBX12 CMR12 CMR10 CMBX10 CMSL10 CMTT10 CMSY10 CMMI10 %%DocumentPaperSizes: Letter %%EndComments %DVIPSWebPage: (www.radicaleye.com) %DVIPSCommandLine: dvips -o fitsio.ps fitsio.dvi %DVIPSParameters: dpi=600 %DVIPSSource: TeX output 2012.07.18:1350 %%BeginProcSet: tex.pro 0 0 %! /TeXDict 300 dict def TeXDict begin/N{def}def/B{bind def}N/S{exch}N/X{S N}B/A{dup}B/TR{translate}N/isls false N/vsize 11 72 mul N/hsize 8.5 72 mul N/landplus90{false}def/@rigin{isls{[0 landplus90{1 -1}{-1 1}ifelse 0 0 0]concat}if 72 Resolution div 72 VResolution div neg scale isls{ landplus90{VResolution 72 div vsize mul 0 exch}{Resolution -72 div hsize mul 0}ifelse TR}if Resolution VResolution vsize -72 div 1 add mul TR[ matrix currentmatrix{A A round sub abs 0.00001 lt{round}if}forall round exch round exch]setmatrix}N/@landscape{/isls true N}B/@manualfeed{ statusdict/manualfeed true put}B/@copies{/#copies X}B/FMat[1 0 0 -1 0 0] N/FBB[0 0 0 0]N/nn 0 N/IEn 0 N/ctr 0 N/df-tail{/nn 8 dict N nn begin /FontType 3 N/FontMatrix fntrx N/FontBBox FBB N string/base X array /BitMaps X/BuildChar{CharBuilder}N/Encoding IEn N end A{/foo setfont}2 array copy cvx N load 0 nn put/ctr 0 N[}B/sf 0 N/df{/sf 1 N/fntrx FMat N df-tail}B/dfs{div/sf X/fntrx[sf 0 0 sf neg 0 0]N df-tail}B/E{pop nn A definefont setfont}B/Cw{Cd A length 5 sub get}B/Ch{Cd A length 4 sub get }B/Cx{128 Cd A length 3 sub get sub}B/Cy{Cd A length 2 sub get 127 sub} B/Cdx{Cd A length 1 sub get}B/Ci{Cd A type/stringtype ne{ctr get/ctr ctr 1 add N}if}B/CharBuilder{save 3 1 roll S A/base get 2 index get S /BitMaps get S get/Cd X pop/ctr 0 N Cdx 0 Cx Cy Ch sub Cx Cw add Cy setcachedevice Cw Ch true[1 0 0 -1 -.1 Cx sub Cy .1 sub]{Ci}imagemask restore}B/D{/cc X A type/stringtype ne{]}if nn/base get cc ctr put nn /BitMaps get S ctr S sf 1 ne{A A length 1 sub A 2 index S get sf div put }if put/ctr ctr 1 add N}B/I{cc 1 add D}B/bop{userdict/bop-hook known{ bop-hook}if/SI save N @rigin 0 0 moveto/V matrix currentmatrix A 1 get A mul exch 0 get A mul add .99 lt{/QV}{/RV}ifelse load def pop pop}N/eop{ SI restore userdict/eop-hook known{eop-hook}if showpage}N/@start{ userdict/start-hook known{start-hook}if pop/VResolution X/Resolution X 1000 div/DVImag X/IEn 256 array N 2 string 0 1 255{IEn S A 360 add 36 4 index cvrs cvn put}for pop 65781.76 div/vsize X 65781.76 div/hsize X}N /p{show}N/RMat[1 0 0 -1 0 0]N/BDot 260 string N/Rx 0 N/Ry 0 N/V{}B/RV/v{ /Ry X/Rx X V}B statusdict begin/product where{pop false[(Display)(NeXT) (LaserWriter 16/600)]{A length product length le{A length product exch 0 exch getinterval eq{pop true exit}if}{pop}ifelse}forall}{false}ifelse end{{gsave TR -.1 .1 TR 1 1 scale Rx Ry false RMat{BDot}imagemask grestore}}{{gsave TR -.1 .1 TR Rx Ry scale 1 1 false RMat{BDot} imagemask grestore}}ifelse B/QV{gsave newpath transform round exch round exch itransform moveto Rx 0 rlineto 0 Ry neg rlineto Rx neg 0 rlineto fill grestore}B/a{moveto}B/delta 0 N/tail{A/delta X 0 rmoveto}B/M{S p delta add tail}B/b{S p tail}B/c{-4 M}B/d{-3 M}B/e{-2 M}B/f{-1 M}B/g{0 M} B/h{1 M}B/i{2 M}B/j{3 M}B/k{4 M}B/w{0 rmoveto}B/l{p -4 w}B/m{p -3 w}B/n{ p -2 w}B/o{p -1 w}B/q{p 1 w}B/r{p 2 w}B/s{p 3 w}B/t{p 4 w}B/x{0 S rmoveto}B/y{3 2 roll p a}B/bos{/SS save N}B/eos{SS restore}B end %%EndProcSet %%BeginProcSet: texps.pro 0 0 %! TeXDict begin/rf{findfont dup length 1 add dict begin{1 index/FID ne 2 index/UniqueID ne and{def}{pop pop}ifelse}forall[1 index 0 6 -1 roll exec 0 exch 5 -1 roll VResolution Resolution div mul neg 0 0]FontType 0 ne{/Metrics exch def dict begin Encoding{exch dup type/integertype ne{ pop pop 1 sub dup 0 le{pop}{[}ifelse}{FontMatrix 0 get div Metrics 0 get div def}ifelse}forall Metrics/Metrics currentdict end def}{{1 index type /nametype eq{exit}if exch pop}loop}ifelse[2 index currentdict end definefont 3 -1 roll makefont/setfont cvx]cvx def}def/ObliqueSlant{dup sin S cos div neg}B/SlantFont{4 index mul add}def/ExtendFont{3 -1 roll mul exch}def/ReEncodeFont{CharStrings rcheck{/Encoding false def dup[ exch{dup CharStrings exch known not{pop/.notdef/Encoding true def}if} forall Encoding{]exch pop}{cleartomark}ifelse}if/Encoding exch def}def end %%EndProcSet %%BeginFont: CMMI10 %!PS-AdobeFont-1.1: CMMI10 1.100 %%CreationDate: 1996 Jul 23 07:53:57 % Copyright (C) 1997 American Mathematical Society. All Rights Reserved. 11 dict begin /FontInfo 7 dict dup begin /version (1.100) readonly def /Notice (Copyright (C) 1997 American Mathematical Society. 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All Rights Reserved. 11 dict begin /FontInfo 7 dict dup begin /version (1.0) readonly def /Notice (Copyright (C) 1997 American Mathematical Society. All Rights Reserved) readonly def /FullName (CMBX12) readonly def /FamilyName (Computer Modern) readonly def /Weight (Bold) readonly def /ItalicAngle 0 def /isFixedPitch false def end readonly def /FontName /CMBX12 def /PaintType 0 def /FontType 1 def /FontMatrix [0.001 0 0 0.001 0 0] readonly def /Encoding 256 array 0 1 255 {1 index exch /.notdef put} for dup 11 /ff put dup 12 /fi put dup 39 /quoteright put dup 40 /parenleft put dup 41 /parenright put dup 45 /hyphen put dup 46 /period put dup 47 /slash put dup 48 /zero put dup 49 /one put dup 50 /two put dup 51 /three put dup 52 /four put dup 53 /five put dup 54 /six put dup 55 /seven put dup 56 /eight put dup 57 /nine put dup 58 /colon put dup 65 /A put dup 66 /B put dup 67 /C put dup 68 /D put dup 69 /E put dup 70 /F put dup 71 /G put dup 72 /H put dup 73 /I put dup 75 /K put dup 76 /L put dup 77 /M put dup 78 /N put dup 79 /O put dup 80 /P put dup 82 /R put dup 83 /S put dup 84 /T put dup 85 /U put dup 86 /V put dup 87 /W put dup 97 /a put dup 98 /b put dup 99 /c put dup 100 /d put dup 101 /e put dup 102 /f put dup 103 /g put dup 104 /h put dup 105 /i put dup 107 /k put dup 108 /l put dup 109 /m put dup 110 /n put dup 111 /o put dup 112 /p put dup 114 /r put dup 115 /s put dup 116 /t put dup 117 /u put dup 118 /v put dup 119 /w put dup 120 /x put dup 121 /y put dup 122 /z put readonly def /FontBBox{-53 -251 1139 750}readonly def currentdict end currentfile eexec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cleartomark %%EndFont %%BeginFont: CMSY10 %!PS-AdobeFont-1.1: CMSY10 1.0 %%CreationDate: 1991 Aug 15 07:20:57 % Copyright (C) 1997 American Mathematical Society. All Rights Reserved. 11 dict begin /FontInfo 7 dict dup begin /version (1.0) readonly def /Notice (Copyright (C) 1997 American Mathematical Society. All Rights Reserved) readonly def /FullName (CMSY10) readonly def /FamilyName (Computer Modern) readonly def /Weight (Medium) readonly def /ItalicAngle -14.035 def /isFixedPitch false def end readonly def /FontName /CMSY10 def /PaintType 0 def /FontType 1 def /FontMatrix [0.001 0 0 0.001 0 0] readonly def /Encoding 256 array 0 1 255 {1 index exch /.notdef put} for dup 15 /bullet put dup 102 /braceleft put dup 103 /braceright put dup 106 /bar put readonly def /FontBBox{-29 -960 1116 775}readonly def currentdict end currentfile eexec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cleartomark %%EndFont %%BeginFont: CMTT10 %!PS-AdobeFont-1.1: CMTT10 1.00B %%CreationDate: 1992 Apr 26 10:42:42 % Copyright (C) 1997 American Mathematical Society. All Rights Reserved. 11 dict begin /FontInfo 7 dict dup begin /version (1.00B) readonly def /Notice (Copyright (C) 1997 American Mathematical Society. All Rights Reserved) readonly def /FullName (CMTT10) readonly def /FamilyName (Computer Modern) readonly def /Weight (Medium) readonly def /ItalicAngle 0 def /isFixedPitch true def end readonly def /FontName /CMTT10 def /PaintType 0 def /FontType 1 def /FontMatrix [0.001 0 0 0.001 0 0] readonly def /Encoding 256 array 0 1 255 {1 index exch /.notdef put} for dup 33 /exclam put dup 34 /quotedbl put dup 35 /numbersign put dup 36 /dollar put dup 37 /percent put dup 38 /ampersand put dup 39 /quoteright put dup 40 /parenleft put dup 41 /parenright put dup 42 /asterisk put dup 43 /plus put dup 44 /comma put dup 45 /hyphen put dup 46 /period put dup 47 /slash put dup 48 /zero put dup 49 /one put dup 50 /two put dup 51 /three put dup 52 /four put dup 53 /five put dup 54 /six put dup 55 /seven put dup 56 /eight put dup 57 /nine put dup 58 /colon put dup 59 /semicolon put dup 60 /less put dup 61 /equal put dup 62 /greater put dup 63 /question put dup 64 /at put dup 65 /A put dup 66 /B put dup 67 /C put dup 68 /D put dup 69 /E put dup 70 /F put dup 71 /G put dup 72 /H put dup 73 /I put dup 74 /J put dup 75 /K put dup 76 /L put dup 77 /M put dup 78 /N put dup 79 /O put dup 80 /P put dup 81 /Q put dup 82 /R put dup 83 /S put dup 84 /T put dup 85 /U put dup 86 /V put dup 87 /W put dup 88 /X put dup 89 /Y put dup 90 /Z put dup 91 /bracketleft put dup 92 /backslash put dup 93 /bracketright put dup 94 /asciicircum put dup 95 /underscore put dup 97 /a put dup 98 /b put dup 99 /c put dup 100 /d put dup 101 /e put dup 102 /f put dup 103 /g put dup 104 /h put dup 105 /i put dup 106 /j put dup 107 /k put dup 108 /l put dup 109 /m put dup 110 /n put dup 111 /o put dup 112 /p put dup 113 /q put dup 114 /r put dup 115 /s put dup 116 /t put dup 117 /u put dup 118 /v put dup 119 /w put dup 120 /x put dup 121 /y put dup 122 /z put dup 123 /braceleft put dup 124 /bar put dup 125 /braceright put dup 126 /asciitilde put readonly def /FontBBox{-4 -235 731 800}readonly def currentdict end currentfile eexec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0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000 cleartomark %%EndFont %%BeginFont: CMSL10 %!PS-AdobeFont-1.1: CMSL10 1.0 %%CreationDate: 1991 Aug 20 16:40:20 % Copyright (C) 1997 American Mathematical Society. All Rights Reserved. 11 dict begin /FontInfo 7 dict dup begin /version (1.0) readonly def /Notice (Copyright (C) 1997 American Mathematical Society. All Rights Reserved) readonly def /FullName (CMSL10) readonly def /FamilyName (Computer Modern) readonly def /Weight (Medium) readonly def /ItalicAngle -9.46 def /isFixedPitch false def end readonly def /FontName /CMSL10 def /PaintType 0 def /FontType 1 def /FontMatrix [0.001 0 0 0.001 0 0] readonly def /Encoding 256 array 0 1 255 {1 index exch /.notdef put} for dup 45 /hyphen put dup 46 /period put dup 47 /slash put dup 48 /zero put dup 49 /one put dup 50 /two put dup 51 /three put dup 52 /four put dup 53 /five put dup 54 /six put dup 55 /seven put dup 56 /eight put dup 57 /nine put dup 58 /colon put dup 65 /A put dup 66 /B put dup 67 /C put dup 68 /D put dup 69 /E put dup 70 /F put dup 71 /G put dup 72 /H put dup 73 /I put dup 75 /K put dup 76 /L put dup 77 /M put dup 78 /N put dup 79 /O put dup 80 /P put dup 82 /R put dup 83 /S put dup 84 /T put dup 85 /U put dup 86 /V put dup 87 /W put dup 88 /X put dup 89 /Y put dup 90 /Z put readonly def /FontBBox{-62 -250 1123 750}readonly def 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0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000 cleartomark %%EndFont %%BeginFont: CMBX10 %!PS-AdobeFont-1.1: CMBX10 1.00B %%CreationDate: 1992 Feb 19 19:54:06 % Copyright (C) 1997 American Mathematical Society. All Rights Reserved. 11 dict begin /FontInfo 7 dict dup begin /version (1.00B) readonly def /Notice (Copyright (C) 1997 American Mathematical Society. All Rights Reserved) readonly def /FullName (CMBX10) readonly def /FamilyName (Computer Modern) readonly def /Weight (Bold) readonly def /ItalicAngle 0 def /isFixedPitch false def end readonly def /FontName /CMBX10 def /PaintType 0 def /FontType 1 def /FontMatrix [0.001 0 0 0.001 0 0] readonly def /Encoding 256 array 0 1 255 {1 index exch /.notdef put} for dup 12 /fi put dup 45 /hyphen put dup 47 /slash put dup 48 /zero put dup 49 /one put dup 50 /two put dup 51 /three put dup 52 /four put dup 53 /five put dup 54 /six put dup 55 /seven put dup 56 /eight put dup 57 /nine put dup 65 /A put dup 66 /B put dup 67 /C put dup 68 /D put dup 69 /E put dup 70 /F put dup 71 /G put dup 73 /I put dup 78 /N put dup 79 /O put dup 80 /P put dup 82 /R put dup 83 /S put dup 84 /T put dup 85 /U put dup 97 /a put dup 98 /b put dup 99 /c put dup 100 /d put dup 101 /e put dup 102 /f put dup 103 /g put dup 104 /h put dup 105 /i put dup 108 /l put dup 109 /m put dup 110 /n put dup 111 /o put dup 112 /p put dup 114 /r put dup 115 /s put dup 116 /t put dup 117 /u put dup 118 /v put dup 120 /x put dup 121 /y put readonly def /FontBBox{-301 -250 1164 946}readonly def currentdict end currentfile eexec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cleartomark %%EndFont %%BeginFont: CMR10 %!PS-AdobeFont-1.1: CMR10 1.00B %%CreationDate: 1992 Feb 19 19:54:52 % Copyright (C) 1997 American Mathematical Society. All Rights Reserved. 11 dict begin /FontInfo 7 dict dup begin /version (1.00B) readonly def /Notice (Copyright (C) 1997 American Mathematical Society. All Rights Reserved) readonly def /FullName (CMR10) readonly def /FamilyName (Computer Modern) readonly def /Weight (Medium) readonly def /ItalicAngle 0 def /isFixedPitch false def end readonly def /FontName /CMR10 def /PaintType 0 def /FontType 1 def /FontMatrix [0.001 0 0 0.001 0 0] readonly def /Encoding 256 array 0 1 255 {1 index exch /.notdef put} for dup 11 /ff put dup 12 /fi put dup 13 /fl put dup 14 /ffi put dup 33 /exclam put dup 34 /quotedblright put dup 35 /numbersign put dup 36 /dollar put dup 37 /percent put dup 38 /ampersand put dup 39 /quoteright put dup 40 /parenleft put dup 41 /parenright put dup 42 /asterisk put dup 43 /plus put dup 44 /comma put dup 45 /hyphen put dup 46 /period put dup 47 /slash put dup 48 /zero put dup 49 /one put dup 50 /two put dup 51 /three put dup 52 /four put dup 53 /five put dup 54 /six put dup 55 /seven put dup 56 /eight put dup 57 /nine put dup 58 /colon put dup 59 /semicolon put dup 60 /exclamdown put dup 61 /equal put dup 62 /questiondown put dup 63 /question put dup 64 /at put dup 65 /A put dup 66 /B put dup 67 /C put dup 68 /D put dup 69 /E put dup 70 /F put dup 71 /G put dup 72 /H put dup 73 /I put dup 74 /J put dup 75 /K put dup 76 /L put dup 77 /M put dup 78 /N put dup 79 /O put dup 80 /P put dup 81 /Q put dup 82 /R put dup 83 /S put dup 84 /T put dup 85 /U put dup 86 /V put dup 87 /W put dup 88 /X put dup 89 /Y put dup 90 /Z put dup 91 /bracketleft put dup 92 /quotedblleft put dup 93 /bracketright put dup 96 /quoteleft put dup 97 /a put dup 98 /b put dup 99 /c put dup 100 /d put dup 101 /e put dup 102 /f put dup 103 /g put dup 104 /h put dup 105 /i put dup 106 /j put dup 107 /k put dup 108 /l put dup 109 /m put dup 110 /n put dup 111 /o put dup 112 /p put dup 113 /q put dup 114 /r put dup 115 /s put dup 116 /t put dup 117 /u put dup 118 /v put dup 119 /w put dup 120 /x put dup 121 /y put dup 122 /z put dup 123 /endash put readonly def /FontBBox{-251 -250 1009 969}readonly def currentdict end currentfile eexec 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0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000 cleartomark %%EndFont TeXDict begin 40258431 52099146 1000 600 600 (fitsio.dvi) @start /Fa 193[71 62[{}1 90.9091 /CMMI10 rf /Fb 133[50 59 59 81 59 62 44 44 46 1[62 56 62 93 31 59 1[31 62 56 34 51 62 50 62 54 9[116 85 86 78 62 84 1[77 84 88 106 67 88 1[42 88 88 70 74 86 81 80 85 6[31 1[56 56 56 56 56 56 56 56 1[56 31 37 32[62 12[{}58 99.6264 /CMBX12 rf /Fc 149[25 2[45 45 86[45 15[{}4 90.9091 /CMSY10 rf /Fd 133[60 71 71 97 71 75 52 53 55 1[75 67 75 112 37 71 1[37 75 67 41 61 75 60 75 65 9[139 102 103 94 75 100 1[92 101 105 128 81 105 1[50 105 106 85 88 103 97 96 102 6[37 67 67 67 67 67 67 67 67 67 67 67 37 45 3[52 52 27[75 78 11[{}63 119.552 /CMBX12 rf /Fe 129[48 48 48 48 48 48 48 48 48 48 48 48 48 48 48 48 48 48 48 48 48 48 48 48 48 48 48 48 48 48 1[48 48 48 48 48 48 48 48 48 48 48 48 48 48 48 48 48 48 48 48 48 48 48 48 48 48 48 48 48 48 48 48 48 48 48 48 48 48 48 48 48 48 48 48 48 48 48 48 48 48 48 48 48 48 48 48 48 48 48 48 48 48 48 33[{}93 90.9091 /CMTT10 rf /Ff 139[75 1[79 1[108 7[108 2[88 3[94 29[140 9[97 97 97 97 97 97 97 97 97 97 48[{}17 172.188 /CMBX12 rf /Fg 165[56 68 68 93 68 68 66 51 67 1[62 71 68 83 57 71 1[33 68 71 59 62 69 66 64 68 6[25 45 45 45 45 45 45 45 45 45 45 45 25 30 45[{}38 90.9091 /CMSL10 rf /Fh 134[55 55 1[55 58 41 41 43 1[58 52 58 87 29 2[29 58 52 32 48 58 46 58 51 11[80 73 58 78 1[71 79 82 4[40 1[82 66 69 80 76 74 79 7[52 52 52 52 52 52 52 52 52 52 52 1[35 32[58 12[{}49 90.9091 /CMBX10 rf /Fi 132[45 40 48 48 66 48 51 35 36 36 48 51 45 51 76 25 48 28 25 51 45 28 40 51 40 51 45 25 2[25 45 25 56 68 68 93 68 68 66 51 67 71 62 71 68 83 57 71 47 33 68 71 59 62 69 66 64 68 71 43 43 71 25 25 25 45 45 45 45 45 45 45 45 45 45 45 25 30 25 71 45 35 35 25 71 76 45 76 45 25 18[76 51 51 53 11[{}93 90.9091 /CMR10 rf /Fj 134[62 5[46 46 2[59 65 4[33 3[52 3[59 10[88 8[107 25[59 59 59 59 1[33 46[{}15 119.552 /CMR12 rf /Fk 138[90 63 64 66 2[81 90 134 45 2[45 1[81 49 74 1[72 90 78 12[112 90 2[110 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h(.)g(.)g(.)f(.)h(.)g(.)f(.)h(.)g(.)f(.)85 b(47)345 4109 y(6.4.5)106 b(Read)31 b(Keyw)m(ord)f(Subroutines)64 b(.)46 b(.)g(.)f(.)h(.)g(.)g(.)f(.)h(.)g(.)f(.)h(.)g(.)g(.)f(.)h(.)g(.)f(.)h (.)g(.)g(.)f(.)h(.)g(.)f(.)h(.)g(.)f(.)85 b(47)345 4270 y(6.4.6)106 b(Mo)s(dify)30 b(Keyw)m(ord)h(Subroutines)55 b(.)46 b(.)f(.)h(.)g(.)g(.)f(.)h(.)g(.)f(.)h(.)g(.)g(.)f(.)h(.)g(.)f(.) h(.)g(.)g(.)f(.)h(.)g(.)f(.)h(.)g(.)f(.)85 b(49)345 4430 y(6.4.7)106 b(Up)s(date)31 b(Keyw)m(ord)f(Subroutines)116 b(.)45 b(.)h(.)g(.)g(.)f(.)h(.)g(.)f(.)h(.)g(.)g(.)f(.)h(.)g(.)f(.)h(.) g(.)g(.)f(.)h(.)g(.)f(.)h(.)g(.)f(.)85 b(50)345 4591 y(6.4.8)106 b(Delete)33 b(Keyw)m(ord)d(Subroutines)87 b(.)46 b(.)f(.)h(.)g(.)g(.)f(.)h(.)g(.)f(.)h(.)g(.)g(.)f(.)h(.)g(.)f(.) h(.)g(.)g(.)f(.)h(.)g(.)f(.)h(.)g(.)f(.)85 b(50)136 4751 y(6.5)94 b(Data)32 b(Scaling)g(and)d(Unde\014ned)g(Pixel)i(P)m (arameters)113 b(.)46 b(.)g(.)f(.)h(.)g(.)g(.)f(.)h(.)g(.)f(.)h(.)g(.)g (.)f(.)h(.)g(.)f(.)h(.)g(.)f(.)85 b(51)136 4912 y(6.6)94 b(FITS)30 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b(.)g(.)f(.)h(.)g(.)g(.)f(.)h(.)g(.)f(.)h(.)g(.)g(.)f(.)h(.)g(.) f(.)h(.)g(.)f(.)85 b(60)p eop end %%Page: 5 5 TeXDict begin 5 4 bop 0 299 a Fg(CONTENTS)3334 b Fi(v)136 555 y(6.8)94 b(Ro)m(w)31 b(Selection)h(and)e(Calculator)i(Routines)95 b(.)46 b(.)g(.)g(.)f(.)h(.)g(.)f(.)h(.)g(.)g(.)f(.)h(.)g(.)f(.)h(.)g(.) g(.)f(.)h(.)g(.)f(.)h(.)g(.)f(.)85 b(64)136 717 y(6.9)94 b(Celestial)33 b(Co)s(ordinate)d(System)g(Subroutines)98 b(.)46 b(.)g(.)f(.)h(.)g(.)f(.)h(.)g(.)g(.)f(.)h(.)g(.)f(.)h(.)g(.)g(.) f(.)h(.)g(.)f(.)h(.)g(.)f(.)85 b(65)136 879 y(6.10)49 b(File)32 b(Chec)m(ksum)e(Subroutines)75 b(.)45 b(.)h(.)g(.)f(.)h(.)g (.)f(.)h(.)g(.)g(.)f(.)h(.)g(.)f(.)h(.)g(.)g(.)f(.)h(.)g(.)f(.)h(.)g(.) g(.)f(.)h(.)g(.)f(.)h(.)g(.)f(.)85 b(67)136 1041 y(6.11)80 b(Date)32 b(and)d(Time)i(Utilit)m(y)h(Routines)69 b(.)45 b(.)h(.)g(.)f(.)h(.)g(.)g(.)f(.)h(.)g(.)f(.)h(.)g(.)g(.)f(.)h(.)g(.)f (.)h(.)g(.)g(.)f(.)h(.)g(.)f(.)h(.)g(.)f(.)85 b(68)136 1204 y(6.12)49 b(General)32 b(Utilit)m(y)g(Subroutines)61 b(.)45 b(.)h(.)g(.)f(.)h(.)g(.)f(.)h(.)g(.)g(.)f(.)h(.)g(.)f(.)h(.)g(.) g(.)f(.)h(.)g(.)f(.)h(.)g(.)g(.)f(.)h(.)g(.)f(.)h(.)g(.)f(.)85 b(69)0 1464 y Fh(7)119 b(The)35 b(CFITSIO)e(Iterator)g(F)-9 b(unction)2154 b(75)0 1725 y(8)119 b(Extended)35 b(File)f(Name)h(Syn)m (tax)2330 b(77)136 1887 y Fi(8.1)94 b(Ov)m(erview)84 b(.)46 b(.)g(.)g(.)f(.)h(.)g(.)f(.)h(.)g(.)g(.)f(.)h(.)g(.)f(.)h(.)g(.) f(.)h(.)g(.)g(.)f(.)h(.)g(.)f(.)h(.)g(.)g(.)f(.)h(.)g(.)f(.)h(.)g(.)g (.)f(.)h(.)g(.)f(.)h(.)g(.)f(.)85 b(77)136 2049 y(8.2)94 b(Filet)m(yp)s(e)62 b(.)45 b(.)h(.)g(.)g(.)f(.)h(.)g(.)f(.)h(.)g(.)g(.) f(.)h(.)g(.)f(.)h(.)g(.)f(.)h(.)g(.)g(.)f(.)h(.)g(.)f(.)h(.)g(.)g(.)f (.)h(.)g(.)f(.)h(.)g(.)g(.)f(.)h(.)g(.)f(.)h(.)g(.)f(.)85 b(80)345 2211 y(8.2.1)106 b(Notes)32 b(ab)s(out)e(HTTP)g(pro)m(xy)g (serv)m(ers)k(.)46 b(.)g(.)g(.)f(.)h(.)g(.)f(.)h(.)g(.)g(.)f(.)h(.)g(.) f(.)h(.)g(.)g(.)f(.)h(.)g(.)f(.)h(.)g(.)f(.)85 b(80)345 2373 y(8.2.2)106 b(Notes)32 b(ab)s(out)e(the)h(stream)f(\014let)m(yp)s (e)h(driv)m(er)54 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b(.)h(.)g(.)g(.)f(.)h(.)g(.)f(.)h(.)g(.)g(.) f(.)h(.)g(.)f(.)h(.)g(.)f(.)85 b(86)136 3346 y(8.5)94 b(T)-8 b(emplate)32 b(File)g(Name)f(when)e(Creating)i(a)g(New)f(File)57 b(.)46 b(.)g(.)f(.)h(.)g(.)g(.)f(.)h(.)g(.)f(.)h(.)g(.)g(.)f(.)h(.)g(.) f(.)h(.)g(.)f(.)85 b(88)136 3508 y(8.6)94 b(Image)32 b(Tile-Compression)e(Sp)s(eci\014cation)91 b(.)45 b(.)h(.)g(.)g(.)f(.)h (.)g(.)f(.)h(.)g(.)g(.)f(.)h(.)g(.)f(.)h(.)g(.)g(.)f(.)h(.)g(.)f(.)h(.) g(.)f(.)85 b(88)136 3670 y(8.7)94 b(HDU)32 b(Lo)s(cation)f(Sp)s (eci\014cation)47 b(.)e(.)h(.)g(.)f(.)h(.)g(.)f(.)h(.)g(.)g(.)f(.)h(.)g (.)f(.)h(.)g(.)g(.)f(.)h(.)g(.)f(.)h(.)g(.)g(.)f(.)h(.)g(.)f(.)h(.)g(.) f(.)85 b(88)136 3832 y(8.8)94 b(Image)32 b(Section)39 b(.)46 b(.)f(.)h(.)g(.)f(.)h(.)g(.)g(.)f(.)h(.)g(.)f(.)h(.)g(.)f(.)h(.) g(.)g(.)f(.)h(.)g(.)f(.)h(.)g(.)g(.)f(.)h(.)g(.)f(.)h(.)g(.)g(.)f(.)h (.)g(.)f(.)h(.)g(.)f(.)85 b(89)136 3994 y(8.9)94 b(Image)32 b(T)-8 b(ransform)29 b(Filters)54 b(.)46 b(.)g(.)f(.)h(.)g(.)f(.)h(.)g 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b(will)g(b)s(e)f(shifted)g(do)m(wn)g(to)h(mak)m(e)h(ro)s(om)e(for)h (the)f(new)g(extension.)40 b(If)25 b(there)h(are)g(no)g(other)f(follo)m (wing)227 5601 y(extensions)32 b(then)f(the)h(new)f(table)h(extension)g (will)g(simply)f(b)s(e)g(app)s(ended)f(to)i(the)f(end)g(of)h(the)f (\014le.)44 b(The)227 5714 y(new)33 b(extension)h(will)f(b)s(ecome)h (the)f(CHDU.)h(The)f(FTIT)-8 b(ABLL)33 b(routine)g(is)g(iden)m(tical)i (to)f(the)g(FTIT)-8 b(AB)p eop end %%Page: 32 38 TeXDict begin 32 37 bop 0 299 a Fi(32)1747 b Fg(CHAPTER)30 b(5.)111 b(BASIC)30 b(INTERF)-10 b(A)m(CE)30 b(R)m(OUTINES)227 555 y Fi(routine)36 b(except)g(that)g(the)f(2nd)g(and)g(3rd)g (parameters)g(\(that)i(giv)m(e)g(the)e(size)h(of)g(the)f(table\))i(are) f(64-bit)227 668 y(in)m(tegers)43 b(rather)f(than)f(32-bit)i(in)m (tegers.)76 b(Under)41 b(normal)g(circumstances,)46 b(the)c(nro)m(ws)f (and)g(nro)m(wsll)227 781 y(paramen)m(ters)f(should)e(ha)m(v)m(e)j(a)f (v)-5 b(alue)40 b(of)f(0;)45 b(CFITSIO)38 b(will)h(automatically)k(up)s (date)38 b(the)i(n)m(um)m(b)s(er)e(of)227 894 y(ro)m(ws)31 b(as)f(data)h(is)g(written)f(to)h(the)g(table.)382 1158 y Fe(FTITAB\(unit,rowlen,nrows)o(,tf)o(ield)o(s,tt)o(ype)o(,tbc)o(ol,t) o(for)o(m,tu)o(nit,)o(ext)o(name)o(,)42 b(>)716 1271 y(status\))382 1384 y(FTITABLL\(unit,rowlenll,n)o(row)o(sll,)o(tfie)o (lds)o(,tty)o(pe,t)o(bco)o(l,tf)o(orm,)o(tun)o(it,e)o(xtna)o(me,)f(>) 716 1497 y(status\))0 1761 y Fh(9)81 b Fi(Insert)26 b(a)h(new)g(binary) f(table)h(extension)h(immediately)g(follo)m(wing)h(the)e(CHDU.)g(An)m (y)g(follo)m(wing)h(extensions)227 1874 y(will)39 b(b)s(e)f(shifted)g (do)m(wn)g(to)h(mak)m(e)g(ro)s(om)g(for)f(the)g(new)g(extension.)66 b(If)38 b(there)h(are)f(no)h(other)f(follo)m(wing)227 1987 y(extensions)f(then)g(the)f(new)g(bin)m(table)h(extension)h(will)f (simply)f(b)s(e)g(app)s(ended)e(to)k(the)e(end)g(of)h(the)g(\014le.)227 2100 y(The)23 b(new)g(extension)h(will)f(b)s(ecome)h(the)f(CHDU.)h(The) f(FTIBINLL)g(routine)g(is)g(iden)m(tical)i(to)f(the)g(FTIBIN)227 2213 y(routine)30 b(except)i(that)e(the)h(2nd)e(parameter)i(\(that)g (giv)m(es)g(the)g(length)f(of)h(the)f(table\))h(is)g(a)f(64-bit)i(in)m (teger)227 2325 y(rather)24 b(than)g(a)g(32-bit)h(in)m(teger.)40 b(Under)23 b(normal)h(circumstances,)i(the)e(nro)m(ws)f(and)h(nro)m (wsll)g(paramen)m(ters)227 2438 y(should)31 b(ha)m(v)m(e)i(a)f(v)-5 b(alue)32 b(of)f(0;)i(CFITSIO)d(will)i(automatically)j(up)s(date)30 b(the)i(n)m(um)m(b)s(er)e(of)i(ro)m(ws)g(as)g(data)g(is)227 2551 y(written)f(to)g(the)f(table.)382 2815 y Fe (FTIBIN\(unit,nrows,tfield)o(s,t)o(type)o(,tfo)o(rm,)o(tuni)o(t,ex)o (tna)o(me,v)o(arid)o(at)41 b(>)48 b(status\))382 2928 y(FTIBINLL\(unit,nrowsll,tf)o(iel)o(ds,t)o(type)o(,tf)o(orm,)o(tuni)o (t,e)o(xtna)o(me,v)o(ari)o(dat)41 b(>)48 b(status\))0 3380 y Fd(5.3)135 b(Keyw)l(ord)46 b(I/O)f(Routines)0 3624 y Fh(1)81 b Fi(Put)30 b(\(app)s(end\))f(an)h(80-c)m(haracter)j (record)e(in)m(to)g(the)g(CHU.)382 3888 y Fe(FTPREC\(unit,card,)43 b(>)k(status\))0 4152 y Fh(2)81 b Fi(Put)28 b(\(app)s(end\))g(a)h(new)g (k)m(eyw)m(ord)g(of)g(the)g(appropriate)g(datat)m(yp)s(e)h(in)m(to)g (the)f(CHU.)g(The)f(E)h(and)f(D)i(v)m(ersions)227 4265 y(of)24 b(this)f(routine)g(ha)m(v)m(e)h(the)g(added)e(feature)i(that)g (if)f(the)g('decimals')i(parameter)f(is)f(negativ)m(e,)k(then)c(the)g ('G')227 4378 y(displa)m(y)30 b(format)g(rather)f(then)g(the)h('E')f (format)h(will)g(b)s(e)f(used)f(when)h(constructing)h(the)f(k)m(eyw)m (ord)h(v)-5 b(alue,)227 4490 y(taking)27 b(the)g(absolute)g(v)-5 b(alue)26 b(of)h('decimals')g(for)f(the)h(precision.)39 b(This)26 b(will)g(suppress)e(trailing)k(zeros,)g(and)227 4603 y(will)37 b(use)g(a)g(\014xed)f(format)h(rather)g(than)f(an)h(exp) s(onen)m(tial)g(format,)i(dep)s(ending)c(on)i(the)g(magnitude)g(of)227 4716 y(the)31 b(v)-5 b(alue.)382 4980 y Fe(FTPKY[JKLS]\(unit,keyword)o (,ke)o(yval)o(,com)o(men)o(t,)42 b(>)47 b(status\))382 5093 y(FTPKY[EDFG]\(unit,keyword)o(,ke)o(yval)o(,dec)o(ima)o(ls,c)o (omme)o(nt,)41 b(>)48 b(status\))0 5357 y Fh(3)81 b Fi(Get)37 b(the)f(n)m(th)f(80-c)m(haracter)k(header)d(record)g(from)f(the)h(CHU.) h(The)e(\014rst)g(k)m(eyw)m(ord)i(in)e(the)h(header)g(is)g(at)227 5470 y(k)m(ey)p 365 5470 28 4 v 34 w(no)42 b(=)f(1;)49 b(if)42 b(k)m(ey)p 996 5470 V 34 w(no)g(=)f(0)i(then)e(this)h (subroutine)f(simple)h(mo)m(v)m(es)i(the)e(in)m(ternal)h(p)s(oin)m(ter) f(to)h(the)227 5583 y(b)s(eginning)35 b(of)h(the)g(header)f(so)h(that)g (subsequen)m(t)f(k)m(eyw)m(ord)h(op)s(erations)g(will)g(start)g(at)g (the)g(top)g(of)g(the)227 5696 y(header;)31 b(it)g(also)g(returns)e(a)i (blank)f(card)g(v)-5 b(alue)31 b(in)f(this)g(case.)p eop end %%Page: 33 39 TeXDict begin 33 38 bop 0 299 a Fg(5.4.)72 b(D)m(A)-8 b(T)g(A)32 b(I/O)f(R)m(OUTINES)2650 b Fi(33)382 555 y Fe(FTGREC\(unit,key_no,)42 b(>)48 b(card,status\))0 804 y Fh(4)81 b Fi(Get)31 b(a)g(k)m(eyw)m(ord)g(v)-5 b(alue)30 b(\(with)h(the)f(appropriate)h(datat)m(yp)s(e\))g(and)f(commen)m(t)i (from)e(the)g(CHU)382 1052 y Fe(FTGKY[EDJKLS]\(unit,keywo)o(rd,)41 b(>)48 b(keyval,comment,status\))0 1301 y Fh(5)81 b Fi(Delete)32 b(an)e(existing)i(k)m(eyw)m(ord)f(record.)382 1550 y Fe(FTDKEY\(unit,keyword,)42 b(>)48 b(status\))0 1881 y Fd(5.4)135 b(Data)46 b(I/O)g(Routines)0 2132 y Fi(The)32 b(follo)m(wing)i(routines)e(read)h(or)f(write)h(data)g(v)-5 b(alues)33 b(in)f(the)h(curren)m(t)f(HDU)i(of)e(the)h(FITS)f(\014le.)47 b(Automatic)0 2245 y(datat)m(yp)s(e)28 b(con)m(v)m(ersion)h(will)e(b)s (e)g(attempted)h(for)g(n)m(umerical)f(datat)m(yp)s(es)i(if)e(the)g(sp)s (eci\014ed)g(datat)m(yp)s(e)h(is)f(di\013eren)m(t)0 2357 y(from)j(the)g(actual)i(datat)m(yp)s(e)g(of)e(the)h(FITS)e(arra)m(y)i (or)f(table)i(column.)0 2606 y Fh(1)81 b Fi(W)-8 b(rite)31 b(elemen)m(ts)h(in)m(to)f(the)g(primary)e(data)j(arra)m(y)e(or)h(image) g(extension.)382 2855 y Fe(FTPPR[BIJKED]\(unit,group)o(,fp)o(ixel)o 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h(when)e(writing)i(to)g(ASCI)s(I)d(tables.)382 4301 y Fe(FTPCL[SLBIJKEDCM]\(unit,c)o(oln)o(um,f)o(row,)o(fel)o(em,n)o(elem)o (ent)o(s,va)o(lues)o(,)42 b(>)47 b(status\))0 4549 y Fh(4)81 b Fi(Read)22 b(elemen)m(ts)h(from)e(an)g(ASCI)s(I)g(or)g (binary)g(table)i(column.)38 b(Unde\014ned)20 b(arra)m(y)i(elemen)m(ts) h(will)f(b)s(e)f(returned)227 4662 y(with)32 b(a)h(v)-5 b(alue)33 b(=)f(n)m(ullv)-5 b(al,)34 b(unless)e(n)m(ullv)-5 b(al)32 b(=)h(0)f(\(or)h(=)f(')h(')f(for)g(ftgcvs\))i(in)e(whic)m(h)g (case)i(no)e(c)m(hec)m(king)i(for)227 4775 y(unde\014ned)23 b(v)-5 b(alues)25 b(will)g(b)s(e)g(p)s(erformed.)37 b(The)24 b(ANYF)i(parameter)f(is)g(set)h(to)f(true)g(if)g(an)m(y)g(of)g(the)g (returned)227 4888 y(elemen)m(ts)32 b(are)f(unde\014ned.)227 5036 y(An)m(y)d(column,)h(regardless)f(of)g(it's)h(in)m(trinsic)f (datat)m(yp)s(e,)i(ma)m(y)e(b)s(e)f(read)h(as)g(a)h(string.)40 b(It)28 b(should)e(b)s(e)i(noted)227 5149 y(ho)m(w)m(ev)m(er)k(that)f (reading)f(a)h(n)m(umeric)f(column)g(as)h(a)g(string)f(is)g(10)i(-)e (100)i(times)f(slo)m(w)m(er)g(than)f(reading)h(the)227 5262 y(same)36 b(column)f(as)h(a)g(n)m(um)m(b)s(er)e(due)g(to)j(the)e (large)i(o)m(v)m(erhead)f(in)f(constructing)h(the)g(formatted)g (strings.)227 5375 y(The)i(displa)m(y)g(format)g(of)g(the)g(returned)f (strings)g(will)h(b)s(e)g(determined)f(b)m(y)h(the)g(TDISPn)f(k)m(eyw)m (ord,)j(if)227 5488 y(it)d(exists,)h(otherwise)f(b)m(y)f(the)g(datat)m (yp)s(e)h(of)f(the)h(column.)57 b(The)36 b(length)g(of)h(the)f (returned)f(strings)h(can)227 5601 y(b)s(e)29 b(determined)f(with)h (the)g(ftgcdw)g(routine.)40 b(The)28 b(follo)m(wing)j(TDISPn)c(displa)m (y)j(formats)f(are)g(curren)m(tly)227 5714 y(supp)s(orted:)p eop end %%Page: 34 40 TeXDict begin 34 39 bop 0 299 a Fi(34)1747 b Fg(CHAPTER)30 b(5.)111 b(BASIC)30 b(INTERF)-10 b(A)m(CE)30 b(R)m(OUTINES)418 555 y Fe(Iw.m)142 b(Integer)418 668 y(Ow.m)g(Octal)47 b(integer)418 781 y(Zw.m)142 b(Hexadecimal)45 b(integer)418 894 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y(and)c(de\014nition)g(of)g(all)i(the)e(parameters)h(is)f(giv)m (en)i(at)f(the)f(end)g(of)h(this)f(section.)0 2961 y Fd(6.1)135 b(FITS)44 b(File)i(Op)t(en)e(and)h(Close)h(Subroutines:)0 3197 y Fh(1)81 b Fi(Op)s(en)25 b(an)i(existing)h(FITS)f(\014le)g(with)g (readonly)g(or)g(readwrite)g(access.)41 b(The)27 b(FTDK)m(OPEN)g (routine)g(simply)227 3310 y(op)s(ens)32 b(the)g(sp)s(eci\014ed)g (\014le)h(without)f(trying)h(to)g(in)m(terpret)g(the)f(\014lename)h (using)f(the)g(extended)h(\014lename)227 3423 y(syn)m(tax.)41 b(FTDOPN)28 b(op)s(ens)e(the)i(\014le)g(and)f(also)i(mo)m(v)m(es)g(to)g (the)f(\014rst)f(HDU)h(con)m(taining)h(signi\014can)m(t)g(data,)227 3536 y(if)35 b(no)h(sp)s(eci\014c)f(HDU)h(is)f(sp)s(eci\014ed)f(as)i (part)f(of)g(the)h(\014lename.)55 b(FTTOPN)35 b(and)f(FTIOPN)h(are)h (similar)227 3649 y(except)26 b(that)f(they)g(will)g(mo)m(v)m(e)h(to)g (the)f(\014rst)f(table)h(HDU)h(or)e(image)i(HDU,)g(resp)s(ectiv)m(ely) -8 b(,)28 b(if)c(a)h(HDU)h(name)227 3762 y(or)31 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Fi(Return)30 b(the)g(\014le)h(t)m(yp)s(e)f(of)h(the)f (op)s(ened)g(FITS)g(\014le)g(\(e.g.)42 b('\014le://',)32 b('ftp://',)g(etc.\).)p eop end %%Page: 38 44 TeXDict begin 38 43 bop 0 299 a Fi(38)1319 b Fg(CHAPTER)29 b(6.)112 b(AD)m(V)-10 b(ANCED)32 b(INTERF)-10 b(A)m(CE)30 b(SUBR)m(OUTINES)382 555 y Fe(FTURLT\(unit,)44 b(>)k(urltype,)d (status\))0 819 y Fh(15)h Fi(P)m(arse)27 b(the)f(input)f(\014lename)i (or)f(URL)g(in)m(to)h(its)g(comp)s(onen)m(t)f(parts:)39 b(the)26 b(\014le)g(t)m(yp)s(e)h(\(\014le://,)h(ftp://,)g(h)m(ttp://,) 227 932 y(etc\),)34 b(the)e(base)g(input)e(\014le)i(name,)g(the)g(name) g(of)g(the)g(output)f(\014le)h(that)g(the)g(input)f(\014le)g(is)h(to)g (b)s(e)f(copied)227 1045 y(to)38 b(prior)e(to)h(op)s(ening,)h(the)f (HDU)g(or)f(extension)i(sp)s(eci\014cation,)h(the)e(\014ltering)f(sp)s (eci\014er,)i(the)f(binning)227 1157 y(sp)s(eci\014er,)e(and)e(the)i (column)f(sp)s(eci\014er.)51 b(Blank)34 b(strings)g(will)h(b)s(e)e (returned)g(for)h(an)m(y)g(comp)s(onen)m(ts)g(that)227 1270 y(are)d(not)g(presen)m(t)f(in)g(the)h(input)e(\014le)i(name.)334 1534 y Fe(FTIURL\(filename,)43 b(>)48 b(filetype,)d(infile,)h(outfile,) g(extspec,)f(filter,)716 1647 y(binspec,)g(colspec,)h(status\))0 1910 y Fh(16)g Fi(P)m(arse)e(the)g(input)f(\014le)h(name)f(and)g (return)g(the)h(ro)s(ot)g(\014le)f(name.)81 b(The)43 b(ro)s(ot)h(name)g(includes)f(the)h(\014le)227 2023 y(t)m(yp)s(e)35 b(if)g(sp)s(eci\014ed,)h(\(e.g.)56 b('ftp://')37 b(or)e('h)m(ttp://'\)) i(and)d(the)h(full)g(path)g(name,)h(to)g(the)f(exten)m(t)i(that)e(it)h (is)227 2136 y(sp)s(eci\014ed)26 b(in)f(the)i(input)e(\014lename.)39 b(It)26 b(do)s(es)g(not)g(include)g(the)g(HDU)h(name)f(or)g(n)m(um)m(b) s(er,)g(or)g(an)m(y)h(\014ltering)227 2249 y(sp)s(eci\014cations.)334 2513 y Fe(FTRTNM\(filename,)43 b(>)48 b(rootname,)d(status\))0 2776 y Fh(16)h Fi(T)-8 b(est)36 b(if)g(the)g(input)f(\014le)h(or)f(a)i (compressed)e(v)m(ersion)h(of)g(the)g(\014le)g(\(with)g(a)g(.gz,)i(.Z,) e(.z,)i(or)e(.zip)g(extension\))227 2889 y(exists)j(on)f(disk.)63 b(The)37 b(returned)g(v)-5 b(alue)38 b(of)g(the)h('exists')g(parameter) f(will)g(ha)m(v)m(e)i(1)e(of)g(the)g(4)g(follo)m(wing)227 3002 y(v)-5 b(alues:)370 3257 y Fe(2:)95 b(the)47 b(file)g(does)g(not)f (exist,)h(but)f(a)i(compressed)d(version)h(does)g(exist)370 3370 y(1:)95 b(the)47 b(disk)g(file)g(does)f(exist)370 3483 y(0:)95 b(neither)46 b(the)h(file)g(nor)g(a)g(compressed)e (version)h(of)h(the)g(file)g(exist)323 3596 y(-1:)94 b(the)47 b(input)g(file)f(name)h(is)g(not)g(a)g(disk)g(file)g(\(could)f (be)h(a)g(ftp,)g(http,)561 3709 y(smem,)g(or)g(mem)g(file,)f(or)h(a)h (file)e(piped)h(in)g(on)g(the)g(STDIN)f(stream\))286 3973 y(FTEXIST\(filename,)d(>)48 b(exists,)e(status\);)0 4311 y Fd(6.2)135 b(HDU-Lev)l(el)47 b(Op)t(erations)0 4562 y Fi(When)30 b(a)h(FITS)f(\014le)g(is)h(\014rst)e(op)s(ened)h(or)g (created,)i(the)f(in)m(ternal)g(bu\013ers)e(in)h(FITSIO)f (automatically)34 b(p)s(oin)m(t)c(to)0 4675 y(the)g(\014rst)g(HDU)h(in) f(the)g(\014le.)41 b(The)29 b(follo)m(wing)j(routines)e(ma)m(y)h(b)s(e) e(used)h(to)h(mo)m(v)m(e)g(to)g(another)f(HDU)h(in)f(the)h(\014le.)0 4788 y(Note)j(that)f(the)g(HDU)g(n)m(um)m(b)s(ering)f(con)m(v)m(en)m (tion)i(used)e(in)g(FITSIO)g(denotes)h(the)f(primary)g(arra)m(y)h(as)g (the)g(\014rst)0 4901 y(HDU,)e(the)g(\014rst)f(extension)h(in)f(a)g (FITS)g(\014le)g(is)h(the)f(second)h(HDU,)g(and)f(so)h(on.)0 5164 y Fh(1)81 b Fi(Mo)m(v)m(e)32 b(to)f(a)g(sp)s(eci\014ed)f (\(absolute\))h(HDU)g(in)g(the)f(FITS)g(\014le)g(\(nhdu)f(=)h(1)h(for)f (the)g(FITS)g(primary)f(arra)m(y\))382 5428 y Fe(FTMAHD\(unit,nhdu,)43 b(>)k(hdutype,status\))0 5691 y Fh(2)81 b Fi(Mo)m(v)m(e)32 b(to)f(a)g(new)f(\(existing\))i(HDU)f(forw)m(ard)f(or)g(bac)m(kw)m (ards)h(relativ)m(e)h(to)f(the)g(CHDU)p eop end %%Page: 39 45 TeXDict begin 39 44 bop 0 299 a Fg(6.2.)72 b(HDU-LEVEL)31 b(OPERA)-8 b(TIONS)2414 b Fi(39)382 555 y Fe(FTMRHD\(unit,nmove,)43 b(>)k(hdutype,status\))0 788 y Fh(3)81 b Fi(Mo)m(v)m(e)22 b(to)f(the)f(\(\014rst\))h(HDU)g(whic)m(h)f(has)g(the)g(sp)s(eci\014ed) g(extension)h(t)m(yp)s(e)f(and)g(EXTNAME)g(\(or)h(HDUNAME\))227 901 y(and)34 b(EXTVER)g(k)m(eyw)m(ord)h(v)-5 b(alues.)53 b(The)34 b(hdut)m(yp)s(e)f(parameter)i(ma)m(y)g(ha)m(v)m(e)g(a)g(v)-5 b(alue)35 b(of)f(IMA)m(GE)p 3665 901 28 4 v 34 w(HDU)227 1014 y(\(0\),)43 b(ASCI)s(I)p 669 1014 V 31 w(TBL)c(\(1\),)j(BINAR)-8 b(Y)p 1468 1014 V 34 w(TBL)39 b(\(2\),)j(or)d(ANY)p 2234 1014 V 34 w(HDU)g(\(-1\))i(where)d(ANY)p 3173 1014 V 34 w(HDU)h(means)g(that)227 1127 y(only)30 b(the)g(extname)h(and)e (extv)m(er)i(v)-5 b(alues)30 b(will)g(b)s(e)f(used)g(to)i(lo)s(cate)g (the)f(correct)h(extension.)42 b(If)29 b(the)h(input)227 1240 y(v)-5 b(alue)27 b(of)f(extv)m(er)h(is)f(0)g(then)g(the)g(EXTVER)g (k)m(eyw)m(ord)g(is)g(ignored)g(and)g(the)g(\014rst)f(HDU)i(with)e(a)i (matc)m(hing)227 1353 y(EXTNAME)g(\(or)g(HDUNAME\))h(k)m(eyw)m(ord)f (will)g(b)s(e)f(found.)38 b(If)26 b(no)h(matc)m(hing)h(HDU)f(is)g (found)e(in)h(the)h(\014le)227 1466 y(then)i(the)g(curren)m(t)g(HDU)h (will)f(remain)g(unc)m(hanged)g(and)g(a)g(status)g(=)g(BAD)p 2884 1466 V 34 w(HDU)p 3123 1466 V 33 w(NUM)h(\(301\))h(will)f(b)s(e) 227 1578 y(returned.)382 1811 y Fe(FTMNHD\(unit,)44 b(hdutype,)i (extname,)f(extver,)h(>)i(status\))0 2044 y Fh(4)81 b Fi(Get)31 b(the)g(n)m(um)m(b)s(er)e(of)h(the)h(curren)m(t)f(HDU)h(in)f (the)h(FITS)e(\014le)i(\(primary)f(arra)m(y)g(=)g(1\))382 2277 y Fe(FTGHDN\(unit,)44 b(>)k(nhdu\))0 2510 y Fh(5)81 b Fi(Return)39 b(the)i(t)m(yp)s(e)g(of)g(the)g(curren)m(t)f(HDU)i(in)e (the)h(FITS)f(\014le.)71 b(The)41 b(p)s(ossible)f(v)-5 b(alues)41 b(for)f(hdut)m(yp)s(e)g(are)227 2623 y(IMA)m(GE)p 546 2623 V 34 w(HDU)31 b(\(0\),)h(ASCI)s(I)p 1242 2623 V 31 w(TBL)e(\(1\),)i(or)e(BINAR)-8 b(Y)p 2133 2623 V 34 w(TBL)30 b(\(2\).)382 2856 y Fe(FTGHDT\(unit,)44 b(>)k(hdutype,)d (status\))0 3089 y Fh(6)81 b Fi(Return)29 b(the)i(total)h(n)m(um)m(b)s (er)d(of)i(HDUs)f(in)h(the)f(FITS)g(\014le.)41 b(The)29 b(CHDU)i(remains)f(unc)m(hanged.)382 3322 y Fe(FTTHDU\(unit,)44 b(>)k(hdunum,)e(status\))0 3554 y Fh(7)81 b Fi(Create)36 b(\(app)s(end\))e(a)h(new)g(empt)m(y)g(HDU)h(follo)m(wing)h(the)e(last) h(extension)g(that)g(has)f(b)s(een)f(previously)h(ac-)227 3667 y(cessed)41 b(b)m(y)f(the)g(program.)70 b(This)40 b(will)g(o)m(v)m(erwrite)i(an)m(y)f(extensions)g(in)e(an)i(existing)g (FITS)e(\014le)i(if)f(the)227 3780 y(program)31 b(has)g(not)g(already)h (mo)m(v)m(ed)g(to)f(that)h(\(or)f(a)h(later\))g(extension)g(using)e (the)h(FTMAHD)h(or)f(FTM-)227 3893 y(RHD)24 b(routines.)38 b(F)-8 b(or)25 b(example,)g(if)f(an)f(existing)h(FITS)f(\014le)g(con)m (tains)i(a)f(primary)e(arra)m(y)i(and)f(5)g(extensions)227 4006 y(and)31 b(a)h(program)f(\(1\))h(op)s(ens)f(the)g(FITS)g(\014le,)h (\(2\))g(mo)m(v)m(es)h(to)f(extension)g(4,)g(\(3\))g(mo)m(v)m(es)h(bac) m(k)f(to)g(the)f(pri-)227 4119 y(mary)36 b(arra)m(y)-8 b(,)38 b(and)e(\(4\))h(then)e(calls)i(FTCRHD,)f(then)g(the)g(new)g (extension)g(will)g(b)s(e)g(written)f(follo)m(wing)227 4232 y(the)c(4th)f(extension,)i(o)m(v)m(erwriting)g(the)e(existing)h (5th)g(extension.)382 4465 y Fe(FTCRHD\(unit,)44 b(>)k(status\))0 4698 y Fh(8)81 b Fi(Create)30 b(a)f(primary)f(arra)m(y)i(\(if)g(none)f (already)g(exists\),)i(or)e(insert)g(a)h(new)f(IMA)m(GE)h(extension)g (immediately)227 4811 y(follo)m(wing)25 b(the)e(CHDU,)g(or)g(insert)g (a)g(new)g(Primary)f(Arra)m(y)h(at)h(the)f(b)s(eginning)f(of)h(the)g (\014le.)38 b(An)m(y)23 b(follo)m(wing)227 4924 y(extensions)29 b(in)g(the)g(\014le)f(will)h(b)s(e)f(shifted)h(do)m(wn)f(to)h(mak)m(e)h (ro)s(om)e(for)h(the)g(new)f(extension.)40 b(If)29 b(the)g(CHDU)227 5036 y(is)h(the)g(last)g(HDU)g(in)g(the)f(\014le)h(then)f(the)h(new)f (image)i(extension)f(will)g(simply)f(b)s(e)g(app)s(ended)f(to)i(the)g (end)227 5149 y(of)k(the)h(\014le.)52 b(One)33 b(can)h(force)h(a)g(new) e(primary)g(arra)m(y)i(to)g(b)s(e)e(inserted)h(at)h(the)f(b)s(eginning) f(of)h(the)h(FITS)227 5262 y(\014le)29 b(b)m(y)f(setting)i(status)e(=)h (-9)g(prior)e(to)j(calling)g(the)e(routine.)40 b(In)28 b(this)g(case)i(the)e(existing)i(primary)d(arra)m(y)227 5375 y(will)f(b)s(e)f(con)m(v)m(erted)i(to)g(an)e(IMA)m(GE)h (extension.)40 b(The)25 b(new)g(extension)i(\(or)f(primary)e(arra)m (y\))j(will)f(b)s(ecome)227 5488 y(the)32 b(CHDU.)f(The)g(FTI)s(IMGLL)f (routine)i(is)f(iden)m(tical)i(to)e(the)h(FTI)s(IMG)f(routine)g(except) h(that)f(the)h(4th)227 5601 y(parameter)25 b(\(the)g(length)g(of)f(eac) m(h)h(axis\))g(is)g(an)f(arra)m(y)h(of)f(64-bit)i(in)m(tegers)f(rather) f(than)g(an)g(arra)m(y)h(of)g(32-bit)227 5714 y(in)m(tegers.)p eop end %%Page: 40 46 TeXDict begin 40 45 bop 0 299 a Fi(40)1319 b Fg(CHAPTER)29 b(6.)112 b(AD)m(V)-10 b(ANCED)32 b(INTERF)-10 b(A)m(CE)30 b(SUBR)m(OUTINES)382 555 y Fe(FTIIMG\(unit,bitpix,naxis)o(,na)o(xes,)41 b(>)48 b(status\))382 668 y(FTIIMGLL\(unit,bitpix,nax)o(is,)o(naxe)o (sll,)41 b(>)47 b(status\))0 921 y Fh(9)81 b Fi(Insert)30 b(a)i(new)f(ASCI)s(I)f(T)-8 b(ABLE)31 b(extension)h(immediately)h (follo)m(wing)f(the)g(CHDU.)g(An)m(y)f(follo)m(wing)i(exten-)227 1034 y(sions)26 b(will)g(b)s(e)f(shifted)g(do)m(wn)g(to)h(mak)m(e)h(ro) s(om)e(for)h(the)f(new)g(extension.)40 b(If)25 b(there)h(are)g(no)g (other)f(follo)m(wing)227 1147 y(extensions)32 b(then)f(the)h(new)f (table)h(extension)g(will)g(simply)f(b)s(e)g(app)s(ended)f(to)i(the)f (end)g(of)h(the)f(\014le.)44 b(The)227 1260 y(new)33 b(extension)h(will)f(b)s(ecome)h(the)f(CHDU.)h(The)f(FTIT)-8 b(ABLL)33 b(routine)g(is)g(iden)m(tical)i(to)f(the)g(FTIT)-8 b(AB)227 1373 y(routine)36 b(except)g(that)g(the)f(2nd)g(and)g(3rd)g (parameters)g(\(that)i(giv)m(e)g(the)e(size)h(of)g(the)f(table\))i(are) f(64-bit)227 1486 y(in)m(tegers)c(rather)e(than)g(32-bit)i(in)m (tegers.)382 1739 y Fe(FTITAB\(unit,rowlen,nrows)o(,tf)o(ield)o(s,tt)o (ype)o(,tbc)o(ol,t)o(for)o(m,tu)o(nit,)o(ext)o(name)o(,)42 b(>)716 1852 y(status\))382 1965 y(FTITABLL\(unit,rowlenll,n)o(row)o (sll,)o(tfie)o(lds)o(,tty)o(pe,t)o(bco)o(l,tf)o(orm,)o(tun)o(it,e)o (xtna)o(me,)f(>)716 2077 y(status\))0 2331 y Fh(10)46 b Fi(Insert)25 b(a)h(new)f(binary)f(table)j(extension)f(immediately)g (follo)m(wing)h(the)f(CHDU.)g(An)m(y)g(follo)m(wing)g(extensions)227 2443 y(will)39 b(b)s(e)f(shifted)g(do)m(wn)g(to)h(mak)m(e)g(ro)s(om)g (for)f(the)g(new)g(extension.)66 b(If)38 b(there)h(are)f(no)h(other)f (follo)m(wing)227 2556 y(extensions)f(then)g(the)f(new)g(bin)m(table)h (extension)h(will)f(simply)f(b)s(e)g(app)s(ended)e(to)k(the)e(end)g(of) h(the)g(\014le.)227 2669 y(The)23 b(new)g(extension)h(will)f(b)s(ecome) h(the)f(CHDU.)h(The)f(FTIBINLL)g(routine)g(is)g(iden)m(tical)i(to)f (the)g(FTIBIN)227 2782 y(routine)30 b(except)i(that)e(the)h(2nd)e (parameter)i(\(that)g(giv)m(es)g(the)g(length)f(of)h(the)f(table\))h (is)g(a)f(64-bit)i(in)m(teger)227 2895 y(rather)f(than)f(a)g(32-bit)i (in)m(teger.)382 3148 y Fe(FTIBIN\(unit,nrows,tfield)o(s,t)o(type)o (,tfo)o(rm,)o(tuni)o(t,ex)o(tna)o(me,v)o(arid)o(at)41 b(>)48 b(status\))382 3261 y(FTIBINLL\(unit,nrowsll,tf)o(iel)o(ds,t)o (type)o(,tf)o(orm,)o(tuni)o(t,e)o(xtna)o(me,v)o(ari)o(dat)41 b(>)48 b(status\))0 3627 y Fh(11)e Fi(Resize)26 b(an)e(image)i(b)m(y)e (mo)s(di\014ng)f(the)i(size,)i(dimensions,)e(and/or)f(datat)m(yp)s(e)h (of)g(the)g(curren)m(t)f(primary)f(arra)m(y)227 3740 y(or)29 b(image)i(extension.)40 b(If)29 b(the)g(new)g(image,)i(as)e(sp) s(eci\014ed)f(b)m(y)h(the)g(input)f(argumen)m(ts,)i(is)f(larger)h(than) f(the)227 3853 y(curren)m(t)34 b(existing)h(image)g(in)f(the)g(FITS)f (\014le)h(then)f(zero)i(\014ll)f(data)h(will)f(b)s(e)f(inserted)h(at)g (the)g(end)g(of)g(the)227 3966 y(curren)m(t)25 b(image)h(and)e(an)m(y)i (follo)m(wing)g(extensions)g(will)f(b)s(e)f(mo)m(v)m(ed)i(further)e (bac)m(k)h(in)g(the)g(\014le.)39 b(Similarly)-8 b(,)27 b(if)227 4079 y(the)h(new)e(image)j(is)e(smaller)h(than)f(the)g(curren) m(t)g(image)h(then)f(an)m(y)h(follo)m(wing)h(extensions)e(will)h(b)s(e) e(shifted)227 4192 y(up)32 b(to)m(w)m(ards)i(the)g(b)s(eginning)e(of)h (the)h(FITS)e(\014le)h(and)g(the)g(image)h(data)g(will)g(b)s(e)e (truncated)h(to)h(the)f(new)227 4304 y(size.)41 b(This)25 b(routine)h(rewrites)h(the)f(BITPIX,)h(NAXIS,)f(and)g(NAXISn)g(k)m(eyw) m(ords)g(with)g(the)h(appropriate)227 4417 y(v)-5 b(alues)37 b(for)f(new)h(image.)60 b(The)36 b(FTRSIMLL)g(routine)g(is)h(iden)m (tical)h(to)g(the)e(FTRSIM)g(routine)h(except)227 4530 y(that)30 b(the)g(4th)g(parameter)g(\(the)g(length)g(of)f(eac)m(h)i (axis\))f(is)g(an)f(arra)m(y)h(of)g(64-bit)h(in)m(tegers)f(rather)g (than)f(an)227 4643 y(arra)m(y)i(of)g(32-bit)g(in)m(tegers.)382 4896 y Fe(FTRSIM\(unit,bitpix,naxis)o(,na)o(xes,)o(stat)o(us\))382 5009 y(FTRSIMLL\(unit,bitpix,nax)o(is,)o(naxe)o(sll,)o(sta)o(tus\))0 5262 y Fh(12)46 b Fi(Delete)34 b(the)f(CHDU)g(in)f(the)g(FITS)f (\014le.)47 b(An)m(y)32 b(follo)m(wing)i(HDUs)f(will)g(b)s(e)e(shifted) h(forw)m(ard)g(in)g(the)g(\014le,)h(to)227 5375 y(\014ll)38 b(in)f(the)g(gap)h(created)g(b)m(y)g(the)f(deleted)h(HDU.)h(In)d(the)i (case)g(of)g(deleting)g(the)g(primary)e(arra)m(y)i(\(the)227 5488 y(\014rst)30 b(HDU)h(in)f(the)h(\014le\))g(then)f(the)h(curren)m (t)f(primary)f(arra)m(y)i(will)g(b)s(e)f(replace)h(b)m(y)g(a)g(n)m(ull) f(primary)f(arra)m(y)227 5601 y(con)m(taining)k(the)f(minim)m(um)e(set) i(of)g(required)e(k)m(eyw)m(ords)i(and)e(no)i(data.)44 b(If)31 b(there)g(are)h(more)f(extensions)227 5714 y(in)f(the)g(\014le) g(follo)m(wing)i(the)e(one)g(that)h(is)f(deleted,)h(then)f(the)g(the)g (CHDU)h(will)f(b)s(e)g(rede\014ned)e(to)j(p)s(oin)m(t)f(to)p eop end %%Page: 41 47 TeXDict begin 41 46 bop 0 299 a Fg(6.3.)72 b(DEFINE)31 b(OR)f(REDEFINE)h(THE)f(STR)m(UCTURE)f(OF)h(THE)g(CHDU)1042 b Fi(41)227 555 y(the)27 b(follo)m(wing)h(extension.)41 b(If)26 b(there)h(are)g(no)g(follo)m(wing)h(extensions)f(then)g(the)g 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b(in)m(ternally)j(calls)g(these)0 5601 y(routines)h(whenev) m(er)g(necessary)-8 b(,)36 b(so)e(an)m(y)g(calls)h(to)g(these)f (routines)g(b)m(y)g(application)h(programs)f(will)g(lik)m(ely)i(b)s(e)0 5714 y(redundan)m(t.)p eop end %%Page: 42 48 TeXDict begin 42 47 bop 0 299 a Fi(42)1319 b Fg(CHAPTER)29 b(6.)112 b(AD)m(V)-10 b(ANCED)32 b(INTERF)-10 b(A)m(CE)30 b(SUBR)m(OUTINES)0 555 y Fh(1)81 b Fi(This)36 b(routine)h(forces)h (FITSIO)e(to)i(scan)f(the)g(curren)m(t)g(header)g(k)m(eyw)m(ords)h (that)f(de\014ne)g(the)g(structure)g(of)227 668 y(the)31 b(HDU)f(\(suc)m(h)g(as)h(the)f(NAXISn,)g(PCOUNT)f(and)g(GCOUNT)h(k)m (eyw)m(ords\))h(so)f(that)h(it)f(can)h(initialize)227 781 y(the)36 b(in)m(ternal)g(bu\013ers)e(that)i(describ)s(e)f(the)h (HDU)g(structure.)55 b(This)35 b(routine)h(ma)m(y)g(b)s(e)e(used)h (instead)h(of)227 894 y(the)j(more)g(complicated)i(calls)f(to)f(ftp)s (def,)h(ftadef)f(or)g(ftb)s(def.)65 b(This)38 b(routine)h(is)g(also)h (v)m(ery)f(useful)f(for)227 1007 y(reinitializing)e(the)e(structure)g (of)g(an)f(HDU,)i(if)f(the)g(n)m(um)m(b)s(er)e(of)i(ro)m(ws)g(in)g(a)g (table,)i(as)e(sp)s(eci\014ed)f(b)m(y)h(the)227 1120 y(NAXIS2)d(k)m(eyw)m(ord,)g(has)f(b)s(een)g(mo)s(di\014ed)f(from)h(its) h(initial)g(v)-5 b(alue.)382 1361 y Fe(FTRDEF\(unit,)44 b(>)k(status\))141 b(\(DEPRECATED\))0 1602 y Fh(2)81 b Fi(De\014ne)27 b(the)g(structure)g(of)g(the)g(primary)f(arra)m(y)i (or)f(IMA)m(GE)h(extension.)40 b(When)27 b(writing)g(GR)m(OUP)m(ed)h (FITS)227 1715 y(\014les)43 b(that)h(b)m(y)e(con)m(v)m(en)m(tion)k(set) d(the)g(NAXIS1)g(k)m(eyw)m(ord)h(equal)f(to)h(0,)i(ftp)s(def)c(m)m(ust) h(b)s(e)f(called)i(with)227 1828 y(naxes\(1\))27 b(=)e(1,)i(NOT)e(0,)i (otherwise)f(FITSIO)e(will)i(rep)s(ort)f(an)g(error)g(status=308)i (when)d(trying)i(to)g(write)227 1941 y(data)31 b(to)g(a)g(group.)40 b(Note:)i(it)31 b(is)g(usually)f(simpler)g(to)h(call)h(FTRDEF)e(rather) h(than)f(this)g(routine.)382 2182 y Fe(FTPDEF\(unit,bitpix,naxis)o(,na) 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Fe(FTPHPS\(unit,bitpix,naxis)o(,na)o(xes,)41 b(>)48 b(status\))382 781 y(FTPHPR\(unit,simple,bitpi)o(x,n)o(axis)o (,nax)o(es,)o(pcou)o(nt,g)o(cou)o(nt,e)o(xten)o(d,)41 b(>)48 b(status\))0 1082 y Fh(2)81 b Fi(Get)44 b(primary)e(header)h(or) h(IMA)m(GE)g(extension)g(k)m(eyw)m(ords)g(from)f(the)g(CHU.)h(When)f (reading)g(from)g(an)227 1195 y(IMA)m(GE)32 b(extension)f(the)f(SIMPLE) g(and)f(EXTEND)i(parameters)g(are)f(ignored.)382 1495 y Fe(FTGHPR\(unit,maxdim,)42 b(>)48 b(simple,bitpix,naxis,naxe)o(s,p)o (coun)o(t,gc)o(oun)o(t,ex)o(tend)o(,)716 1608 y(status\))0 1909 y Fh(3)81 b Fi(Put)34 b(the)h(ASCI)s(I)f(table)i(header)f(k)m(eyw) m(ords)g(in)m(to)h(the)f(CHU.)h(The)e(optional)i(TUNITn)e(and)h (EXTNAME)227 2021 y(k)m(eyw)m(ords)c(are)g(written)f(only)h(if)f(the)h (input)e(string)h(v)-5 b(alues)31 b(are)g(not)f(blank.)382 2322 y Fe(FTPHTB\(unit,rowlen,nrows)o(,tf)o(ield)o(s,tt)o(ype)o(,tbc)o (ol,t)o(for)o(m,tu)o(nit,)o(ext)o(name)o(,)42 b(>)716 2435 y(status\))0 2736 y Fh(4)81 b Fi(Get)31 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b(6.)112 b(AD)m(V)-10 b(ANCED)32 b(INTERF)-10 b(A)m(CE)30 b(SUBR)m(OUTINES)382 555 y Fe(FTPKLS\(unit,keyword,keyv)o(al,)o(comm)o (ent,)41 b(>)47 b(status\))382 668 y(FTPLSW\(unit,)d(>)k(status\))0 889 y Fh(7)81 b Fi(Put)30 b(\(app)s(end\))g(a)h(new)f(k)m(eyw)m(ord)h (with)f(an)h(unde\014ned,)e(or)h(n)m(ull,)h(v)-5 b(alue)31 b(in)m(to)h(the)f(CHU.)g(The)f(v)-5 b(alue)31 b(string)227 1002 y(of)g(the)f(k)m(eyw)m(ord)h(is)g(left)g(blank)f(in)g(this)g (case.)382 1223 y Fe(FTPKYU\(unit,keyword,comm)o(ent)o(,)42 b(>)47 b(status\))0 1445 y Fh(8)81 b Fi(Put)41 b(\(app)s(end\))g(a)i(n) m(um)m(b)s(ered)d(sequence)j(of)f(k)m(eyw)m(ords)g(in)m(to)h(the)g (CHU.)f(One)f(ma)m(y)i(app)s(end)d(the)j(same)227 1558 y(commen)m(t)37 b(to)g(ev)m(ery)g(k)m(eyw)m(ord)g(\(and)f(eliminate)h (the)g(need)f(to)h(ha)m(v)m(e)g(an)f(arra)m(y)h(of)f(iden)m(tical)i (commen)m(t)227 1670 y(strings,)g(one)e(for)g(eac)m(h)h(k)m(eyw)m (ord\))g(b)m(y)f(including)g(the)g(amp)s(ersand)e(c)m(haracter)k(as)e 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y(input)28 b(HDU)h(\(b)m(y)f(giving)h (k)m(eyro)s(ot)h(=)d("TLMIN")i(and)f(inn)m(um)f(=)h(3\))h(and)f(write)g (it)h(to)g(the)f(output)g(HDU)227 3016 y(with)36 b(the)g(k)m(eyw)m(ord) h(name)f(TLMIN4)g(\(b)m(y)g(setting)i(outn)m(um)d(=)h(4\).)58 b(If)36 b(the)g(input)f(k)m(eyw)m(ord)i(do)s(es)f(not)227 3129 y(exist,)c(then)e(this)g(routine)g(simply)g(returns)f(without)i (indicating)g(an)f(error.)382 3350 y Fe(FTCPKY\(inunit,)44 b(outunit,)h(innum,)h(outnum,)g(keyroot,)g(>)h(status\))0 3571 y Fh(10)f Fi(Put)33 b(\(app)s(end\))f(a)h('triple)h(precision')g (k)m(eyw)m(ord)f(in)m(to)h(the)g(CHU)f(in)g(F28.16)i(format.)49 b(The)33 b(\015oating)h(p)s(oin)m(t)227 3684 y(k)m(eyw)m(ord)c(v)-5 b(alue)30 b(is)f(constructed)h(b)m(y)f(concatenating)j(the)d(input)g (in)m(teger)i(v)-5 b(alue)29 b(with)g(the)h(input)e(double)227 3797 y(precision)22 b(fraction)h(v)-5 b(alue)23 b(\(whic)m(h)f(m)m(ust) g(ha)m(v)m(e)h(a)f(v)-5 b(alue)23 b(b)s(et)m(w)m(een)g(0.0)g(and)e (1.0\).)40 b(The)21 b(FTGKYT)h(routine)227 3910 y(should)35 b(b)s(e)h(used)f(to)i(read)f(this)f(k)m(eyw)m(ord)i(v)-5 b(alue,)38 b(b)s(ecause)e(the)g(other)h(k)m(eyw)m(ord)f(reading)g (subroutines)227 4023 y(will)31 b(not)g(preserv)m(e)f(the)h(full)f (precision)g(of)h(the)f(v)-5 b(alue.)382 4244 y Fe (FTPKYT\(unit,keyword,intv)o(al,)o(dblv)o(al,c)o(omm)o(ent,)41 b(>)48 b(status\))0 4466 y Fh(11)e Fi(W)-8 b(rite)36 b(k)m(eyw)m(ords)g(to)f(the)h(CHDU)f(that)h(are)f(de\014ned)f(in)g(an)h (ASCI)s(I)f(template)i(\014le.)55 b(The)34 b(format)i(of)f(the)227 4578 y(template)d(\014le)f(is)f(describ)s(ed)f(under)g(the)i(ftgthd)f (routine)g(b)s(elo)m(w.)382 4800 y Fe(FTPKTP\(unit,)44 b(filename,)i(>)h(status\))0 5021 y Fh(12)f Fi(App)s(end)28 b(the)i(ph)m(ysical)g(units)g(string)g(to)g(an)g(existing)h(k)m(eyw)m (ord.)41 b(This)29 b(routine)h(uses)f(a)h(lo)s(cal)i(con)m(v)m(en)m (tion,)227 5134 y(sho)m(wn)g(in)g(the)h(follo)m(wing)h(example,)g(in)e (whic)m(h)g(the)h(k)m(eyw)m(ord)g(units)f(are)h(enclosed)g(in)f(square) g(brac)m(k)m(ets)227 5247 y(in)e(the)h(b)s(eginning)f(of)g(the)h(k)m (eyw)m(ord)g(commen)m(t)g(\014eld.)239 5468 y Fe(VELOCITY=)809 b(12.3)46 b(/)i([km/s])e(orbital)g(speed)382 5694 y (FTPUNT\(unit,keyword,unit)o(s,)41 b(>)48 b(status\))p eop end %%Page: 47 53 TeXDict begin 47 52 bop 0 299 a Fg(6.4.)72 b(FITS)30 b(HEADER)h(I/O)f(SUBR)m(OUTINES)2086 b Fi(47)0 555 y Fb(6.4.4)112 b(Insert)38 b(Keyw)m(ord)f(Subroutines)0 762 y Fh(1)81 b Fi(Insert)26 b(a)h(new)f(k)m(eyw)m(ord)h(record)g(in)m (to)g(the)g(CHU)g(at)g(the)g(sp)s(eci\014ed)f(p)s(osition)h(\(i.e.,)i (immediately)f(preceding)227 875 y(the)34 b(\(k)m(eyno\)th)g(k)m(eyw)m (ord)g(in)f(the)h(header.\))49 b(This)33 b('insert)g(record')h (subroutine)e(is)h(somewhat)h(less)g(e\016-)227 988 y(cien)m(t)28 b(then)f(the)g('app)s(end)e(record')i(subroutine)f(\(FTPREC\))g (describ)s(ed)g(ab)s(o)m(v)m(e)i(b)s(ecause)f(the)g(remaining)227 1101 y(k)m(eyw)m(ords)k(in)f(the)h(header)f(ha)m(v)m(e)h(to)g(b)s(e)f (shifted)g(do)m(wn)g(one)h(slot.)382 1349 y Fe (FTIREC\(unit,key_no,card,)41 b(>)47 b(status\))0 1598 y Fh(2)81 b Fi(Insert)36 b(a)h(new)f(k)m(eyw)m(ord)i(in)m(to)g(the)f (CHU.)g(The)f(new)g(k)m(eyw)m(ord)i(is)f(inserted)f(immediately)i (follo)m(wing)h(the)227 1711 y(last)27 b(k)m(eyw)m(ord)g(that)f(has)g (b)s(een)g(read)g(from)f(the)h(header.)40 b(The)25 b(FTIKLS)g (subroutine)g(w)m(orks)h(the)g(same)h(as)227 1824 y(the)h(FTIKYS)e (subroutine,)h(except)i(it)f(also)g(supp)s(orts)e(long)i(string)f(v)-5 b(alues)28 b(greater)g(than)f(68)h(c)m(haracters)227 1937 y(in)36 b(length.)59 b(These)36 b('insert)g(k)m(eyw)m(ord')h (subroutines)e(are)i(somewhat)g(less)f(e\016cien)m(t)i(then)e(the)g ('app)s(end)227 2049 y(k)m(eyw)m(ord')30 b(subroutines)e(describ)s(ed)g (ab)s(o)m(v)m(e)i(b)s(ecause)f(the)g(remaining)h(k)m(eyw)m(ords)f(in)g (the)g(header)g(ha)m(v)m(e)h(to)227 2162 y(b)s(e)g(shifted)g(do)m(wn)g (one)h(slot.)382 2411 y Fe(FTIKEY\(unit,)44 b(card,)j(>)g(status\))382 2524 y(FTIKY[JKLS]\(unit,keyword)o(,ke)o(yval)o(,com)o(men)o(t,)42 b(>)47 b(status\))382 2637 y(FTIKLS\(unit,keyword,keyv)o(al,)o(comm)o (ent,)41 b(>)47 b(status\))382 2750 y(FTIKY[EDFG]\(unit,keyword)o(,ke)o (yval)o(,dec)o(ima)o(ls,c)o(omme)o(nt,)41 b(>)48 b(status\))0 2998 y Fh(3)81 b Fi(Insert)32 b(a)i(new)f(k)m(eyw)m(ord)h(with)f(an)h (unde\014ned,)e(or)h(n)m(ull,)h(v)-5 b(alue)34 b(in)m(to)h(the)e(CHU.)h (The)f(v)-5 b(alue)34 b(string)f(of)h(the)227 3111 y(k)m(eyw)m(ord)d (is)g(left)g(blank)f(in)g(this)g(case.)382 3359 y Fe (FTIKYU\(unit,keyword,comm)o(ent)o(,)42 b(>)47 b(status\))0 3648 y Fb(6.4.5)112 b(Read)38 b(Keyw)m(ord)g(Subroutines)0 3867 y Fi(These)29 b(routines)f(return)g(the)h(v)-5 b(alue)29 b(of)g(the)g(sp)s(eci\014ed)f(k)m(eyw)m(ord\(s\).)41 b(Wild)30 b(card)e(c)m(haracters)i(\(*,)h(?,)e(or)g(#\))f(ma)m(y)0 3980 y(b)s(e)f(used)h(when)f(sp)s(ecifying)h(the)g(name)g(of)g(the)g(k) m(eyw)m(ord)h(to)g(b)s(e)e(read:)39 b(a)29 b(')10 b(?')40 b(will)28 b(matc)m(h)h(an)m(y)g(single)f(c)m(haracter)0 4093 y(at)38 b(that)g(p)s(osition)f(in)g(the)h(k)m(eyw)m(ord)g(name)f (and)g(a)g('*')i(will)e(matc)m(h)h(an)m(y)g(length)g(\(including)f (zero\))h(string)g(of)0 4206 y(c)m(haracters.)65 b(The)37 b('#')h(c)m(haracter)h(will)f(matc)m(h)h(an)m(y)f(consecutiv)m(e)i (string)e(of)g(decimal)h(digits)f(\(0)h(-)f(9\).)64 b(Note)0 4319 y(that)30 b(when)f(a)g(wild)g(card)h(is)f(used)g(in)g(the)h(input) e(k)m(eyw)m(ord)i(name,)g(the)g(routine)f(will)h(only)g(searc)m(h)g (for)f(a)h(matc)m(h)0 4432 y(from)h(the)h(curren)m(t)g(header)g(p)s (osition)g(to)g(the)h(end)e(of)h(the)g(header.)45 b(It)32 b(will)g(not)g(resume)g(the)g(searc)m(h)g(from)g(the)0 4545 y(top)i(of)h(the)f(header)g(bac)m(k)h(to)g(the)f(original)h (header)f(p)s(osition)g(as)h(is)f(done)g(when)f(no)h(wildcards)f(are)i (included)0 4657 y(in)f(the)g(k)m(eyw)m(ord)h(name.)52 b(If)33 b(the)h(desired)g(k)m(eyw)m(ord)h(string)f(is)g(8-c)m (haracters)i(long)f(\(the)f(maxim)m(um)g(length)h(of)0 4770 y(a)h(k)m(eyw)m(ord)g(name\))g(then)g(a)g('*')g(ma)m(y)h(b)s(e)e (app)s(ended)f(as)h(the)h(nin)m(th)g(c)m(haracter)h(of)f(the)f(input)g (name)h(to)g(force)0 4883 y(the)31 b(k)m(eyw)m(ord)g(searc)m(h)h(to)f (stop)g(at)g(the)g(end)f(of)h(the)g(header)g(\(e.g.,)i('COMMENT)d(*')i (will)f(searc)m(h)g(for)g(the)g(next)0 4996 y(COMMENT)37 b(k)m(eyw)m(ord\).)64 b(The)37 b(\013grec)i(routine)f(ma)m(y)g(b)s(e)f (used)g(to)i(set)f(the)g(starting)g(p)s(osition)g(when)f(doing)0 5109 y(wild)30 b(card)g(searc)m(hes.)0 5357 y Fh(1)81 b Fi(Get)37 b(the)f(n)m(th)f(80-c)m(haracter)k(header)d(record)g(from)f (the)h(CHU.)h(The)e(\014rst)g(k)m(eyw)m(ord)i(in)e(the)h(header)g(is)g (at)227 5470 y(k)m(ey)p 365 5470 28 4 v 34 w(no)42 b(=)f(1;)49 b(if)42 b(k)m(ey)p 996 5470 V 34 w(no)g(=)f(0)i(then)e(this)h (subroutine)f(simple)h(mo)m(v)m(es)i(the)e(in)m(ternal)h(p)s(oin)m(ter) f(to)h(the)227 5583 y(b)s(eginning)35 b(of)h(the)g(header)f(so)h(that)g (subsequen)m(t)f(k)m(eyw)m(ord)h(op)s(erations)g(will)g(start)g(at)g (the)g(top)g(of)g(the)227 5696 y(header;)31 b(it)g(also)g(returns)e(a)i (blank)f(card)g(v)-5 b(alue)31 b(in)f(this)g(case.)p eop end %%Page: 48 54 TeXDict begin 48 53 bop 0 299 a Fi(48)1319 b Fg(CHAPTER)29 b(6.)112 b(AD)m(V)-10 b(ANCED)32 b(INTERF)-10 b(A)m(CE)30 b(SUBR)m(OUTINES)382 555 y Fe(FTGREC\(unit,key_no,)42 b(>)48 b(card,status\))0 817 y Fh(2)81 b Fi(Get)31 b(the)g(name,)f(v)-5 b(alue)31 b(\(as)g(a)g(string\),)g(and)f(commen)m(t)i(of)e(the)h(n)m (th)f(k)m(eyw)m(ord)h(in)f(CHU.)h(This)f(routine)g(also)227 930 y(c)m(hec)m(ks)h(that)f(the)g(returned)e(k)m(eyw)m(ord)i(name)f (\(KEYW)m(ORD\))i(con)m(tains)g(only)e(legal)i(ASCI)s(I)d(c)m (haracters.)227 1043 y(Call)j(FTGREC)f(and)g(FTPSV)m(C)g(to)h(b)m (ypass)f(this)g(error)g(c)m(hec)m(k.)382 1305 y Fe (FTGKYN\(unit,key_no,)42 b(>)48 b(keyword,value,comment,st)o(atu)o(s\)) 0 1568 y Fh(3)81 b Fi(Get)31 b(the)g(80-c)m(haracter)i(header)d(record) g(for)g(the)h(named)f(k)m(eyw)m(ord)382 1830 y Fe (FTGCRD\(unit,keyword,)42 b(>)48 b(card,status\))0 2092 y Fh(4)81 b Fi(Get)26 b(the)f(next)h(k)m(eyw)m(ord)f(whose)g(name)h (matc)m(hes)g(one)f(of)h(the)f(strings)g(in)g('inclist')i(but)d(do)s (es)h(not)g(matc)m(h)i(an)m(y)227 2205 y(of)32 b(the)f(strings)g(in)g ('exclist'.)45 b(The)30 b(strings)h(in)g(inclist)h(and)f(exclist)h(ma)m (y)g(con)m(tain)h(wild)d(card)h(c)m(haracters)227 2318 y(\(*,)38 b(?,)e(and)e(#\))i(as)f(describ)s(ed)f(at)i(the)f(b)s (eginning)f(of)i(this)f(section.)56 b(This)34 b(routine)h(searc)m(hes)h (from)f(the)227 2431 y(curren)m(t)28 b(header)f(p)s(osition)h(to)g(the) g(end)f(of)h(the)g(header,)g(only)-8 b(,)29 b(and)e(do)s(es)g(not)h (con)m(tin)m(ue)h(the)f(searc)m(h)g(from)227 2544 y(the)41 b(top)g(of)g(the)g(header)g(bac)m(k)h(to)f(the)g(original)h(p)s (osition.)73 b(The)40 b(curren)m(t)h(header)f(p)s(osition)h(ma)m(y)h(b) s(e)227 2657 y(reset)33 b(with)e(the)h(ftgrec)h(routine.)44 b(Note)33 b(that)g(nexc)f(ma)m(y)g(b)s(e)f(set)h(=)g(0)g(if)f(there)h (are)g(no)g(k)m(eyw)m(ords)g(to)h(b)s(e)227 2769 y(excluded.)41 b(This)29 b(routine)i(returns)e(status)i(=)f(202)h(if)g(a)f(matc)m (hing)i(k)m(eyw)m(ord)f(is)f(not)h(found.)382 3032 y Fe(FTGNXK\(unit,inclist,ninc)o(,ex)o(clis)o(t,ne)o(xc,)41 b(>)48 b(card,status\))0 3294 y Fh(5)81 b Fi(Get)30 b(the)g(literal)i (k)m(eyw)m(ord)e(v)-5 b(alue)30 b(as)g(a)g(c)m(haracter)i(string.)40 b(Regardless)31 b(of)f(the)g(datat)m(yp)s(e)g(of)g(the)g(k)m(eyw)m (ord,)227 3407 y(this)37 b(routine)g(simply)g(returns)f(the)h(string)g (of)g(c)m(haracters)i(in)d(the)i(v)-5 b(alue)37 b(\014eld)g(of)g(the)g (k)m(eyw)m(ord)h(along)227 3520 y(with)30 b(the)h(commen)m(t)g (\014eld.)382 3782 y Fe(FTGKEY\(unit,keyword,)42 b(>)48 b(value,comment,status\))0 4044 y Fh(6)81 b Fi(Get)31 b(a)g(k)m(eyw)m(ord)g(v)-5 b(alue)30 b(\(with)h(the)f(appropriate)h (datat)m(yp)s(e\))g(and)f(commen)m(t)i(from)e(the)g(CHU)382 4306 y Fe(FTGKY[EDJKLS]\(unit,keywo)o(rd,)41 b(>)48 b (keyval,comment,status\))0 4568 y Fh(7)81 b Fi(Get)24 b(a)g(sequence)g(of)g(n)m(um)m(b)s(ered)e(k)m(eyw)m(ord)i(v)-5 b(alues.)38 b(These)24 b(routines)f(do)g(not)h(supp)s(ort)e(wild)h (card)g(c)m(haracters)227 4681 y(in)30 b(the)h(ro)s(ot)g(name.)382 4943 y Fe(FTGKN[EDJKLS]\(unit,keyro)o(ot,)o(star)o(tno,)o(max)o(_key)o (s,)42 b(>)47 b(keyvals,nfound,status\))0 5206 y Fh(8)81 b Fi(Get)27 b(the)f(v)-5 b(alue)26 b(of)h(a)f(\015oating)h(p)s(oin)m(t) f(k)m(eyw)m(ord,)i(returning)d(the)h(in)m(teger)h(and)f(fractional)h (parts)f(of)g(the)g(v)-5 b(alue)227 5319 y(in)32 b(separate)g (subroutine)f(argumen)m(ts.)45 b(This)31 b(subroutine)f(ma)m(y)j(b)s(e) e(used)g(to)h(read)g(an)m(y)g(k)m(eyw)m(ord)g(but)f(is)227 5431 y(esp)s(ecially)h(useful)d(for)i(reading)f(the)h('triple)g (precision')f(k)m(eyw)m(ords)h(written)g(b)m(y)f(FTPKYT.)382 5694 y Fe(FTGKYT\(unit,keyword,)42 b(>)48 b(intval,dblval,comment,s)o (tat)o(us\))p eop end %%Page: 49 55 TeXDict begin 49 54 bop 0 299 a Fg(6.4.)72 b(FITS)30 b(HEADER)h(I/O)f(SUBR)m(OUTINES)2086 b Fi(49)0 555 y Fh(9)81 b Fi(Get)24 b(the)g(ph)m(ysical)h(units)e(string)g(in)h(an)f (existing)i(k)m(eyw)m(ord.)39 b(This)23 b(routine)h(uses)f(a)h(lo)s (cal)h(con)m(v)m(en)m(tion,)j(sho)m(wn)227 668 y(in)33 b(the)h(follo)m(wing)g(example,)h(in)e(whic)m(h)g(the)g(k)m(eyw)m(ord)h (units)f(are)g(enclosed)h(in)f(square)g(brac)m(k)m(ets)i(in)e(the)227 781 y(b)s(eginning)h(of)h(the)g(k)m(eyw)m(ord)g(commen)m(t)h(\014eld.) 53 b(A)35 b(blank)g(string)f(is)h(returned)f(if)g(no)h(units)f(are)h (de\014ned)227 894 y(for)30 b(the)h(k)m(eyw)m(ord.)191 1132 y Fe(VELOCITY=)809 b(12.3)46 b(/)i([km/s])e(orbital)g(speed)382 1358 y(FTGUNT\(unit,keyword,)c(>)48 b(units,status\))0 1645 y Fb(6.4.6)112 b(Mo)s(dify)39 b(Keyw)m(ord)e(Subroutines)0 1864 y Fi(Wild)32 b(card)f(c)m(haracters,)j(as)e(describ)s(ed)e(in)h (the)h(Read)g(Keyw)m(ord)f(section,)i(ab)s(o)m(v)m(e,)g(ma)m(y)g(b)s(e) d(used)h(when)g(sp)s(eci-)0 1977 y(fying)f(the)h(name)f(of)h(the)f(k)m (eyw)m(ord)h(to)g(b)s(e)f(mo)s(di\014ed.)0 2215 y Fh(1)81 b Fi(Mo)s(dify)30 b(\(o)m(v)m(erwrite\))i(the)f(n)m(th)f(80-c)m (haracter)j(header)d(record)h(in)f(the)g(CHU)382 2453 y Fe(FTMREC\(unit,key_no,card,)41 b(>)47 b(status\))0 2692 y Fh(2)81 b Fi(Mo)s(dify)37 b(\(o)m(v)m(erwrite\))j(the)e(80-c)m (haracter)j(header)c(record)h(for)f(the)h(named)f(k)m(eyw)m(ord)h(in)g (the)g(CHU.)g(This)227 2805 y(can)31 b(b)s(e)f(used)f(to)i(o)m(v)m (erwrite)h(the)f(name)f(of)h(the)f(k)m(eyw)m(ord)h(as)g(w)m(ell)g(as)g (its)g(v)-5 b(alue)30 b(and)g(commen)m(t)i(\014elds.)382 3043 y Fe(FTMCRD\(unit,keyword,card)o(,)42 b(>)47 b(status\))0 3281 y Fh(3)81 b Fi(Mo)s(dify)33 b(\(o)m(v)m(erwrite\))k(the)d(name)g (of)h(an)f(existing)h(k)m(eyw)m(ord)f(in)g(the)h(CHU)f(preserving)f (the)i(curren)m(t)e(v)-5 b(alue)227 3394 y(and)30 b(commen)m(t)h (\014elds.)382 3632 y Fe(FTMNAM\(unit,oldkey,keywo)o(rd,)41 b(>)48 b(status\))0 3870 y Fh(4)81 b Fi(Mo)s(dify)30 b(\(o)m(v)m(erwrite\))i(the)f(commen)m(t)g(\014eld)f(of)h(an)f (existing)h(k)m(eyw)m(ord)g(in)f(the)h(CHU)382 4108 y Fe(FTMCOM\(unit,keyword,comm)o(ent)o(,)42 b(>)47 b(status\))0 4347 y Fh(5)81 b Fi(Mo)s(dify)24 b(the)h(v)-5 b(alue)25 b(and)f(commen)m(t)i(\014elds)e(of)h(an)f(existing)i(k)m(eyw)m(ord)f (in)f(the)h(CHU.)g(The)f(FTMKLS)g(subrou-)227 4459 y(tine)35 b(w)m(orks)e(the)h(same)h(as)f(the)g(FTMKYS)f(subroutine,)h(except)h (it)g(also)f(supp)s(orts)e(long)j(string)f(v)-5 b(alues)227 4572 y(greater)38 b(than)f(68)h(c)m(haracters)g(in)f(length.)60 b(Optionally)-8 b(,)40 b(one)d(ma)m(y)h(mo)s(dify)e(only)h(the)g(v)-5 b(alue)37 b(\014eld)g(and)227 4685 y(lea)m(v)m(e)32 b(the)d(commen)m(t) i(\014eld)e(unc)m(hanged)g(b)m(y)g(setting)h(the)g(input)e(COMMENT)h (parameter)h(equal)g(to)g(the)227 4798 y(amp)s(ersand)f(c)m(haracter)k (\(&\).)42 b(The)30 b(E)g(and)g(D)h(v)m(ersions)g(of)g(this)g(routine)f (ha)m(v)m(e)i(the)f(added)f(feature)h(that)227 4911 y(if)26 b(the)h('decimals')g(parameter)g(is)f(negativ)m(e,)k(then)c(the)g('G')h (displa)m(y)f(format)h(rather)f(then)g(the)g('E')h(format)227 5024 y(will)i(b)s(e)f(used)f(when)h(constructing)h(the)f(k)m(eyw)m(ord) h(v)-5 b(alue,)30 b(taking)f(the)g(absolute)g(v)-5 b(alue)29 b(of)f('decimals')i(for)227 5137 y(the)37 b(precision.)60 b(This)35 b(will)i(suppress)e(trailing)i(zeros,)i(and)d(will)h(use)g(a) g(\014xed)e(format)i(rather)g(than)f(an)227 5250 y(exp)s(onen)m(tial)c (format,)f(dep)s(ending)d(on)j(the)f(magnitude)h(of)f(the)h(v)-5 b(alue.)382 5488 y Fe(FTMKY[JKLS]\(unit,keyword)o(,ke)o(yval)o(,com)o (men)o(t,)42 b(>)47 b(status\))382 5601 y(FTMKLS\(unit,keyword,keyv)o (al,)o(comm)o(ent,)41 b(>)47 b(status\))382 5714 y (FTMKY[EDFG]\(unit,keyword)o(,ke)o(yval)o(,dec)o(ima)o(ls,c)o(omme)o (nt,)41 b(>)48 b(status\))p eop end %%Page: 50 56 TeXDict begin 50 55 bop 0 299 a Fi(50)1319 b Fg(CHAPTER)29 b(6.)112 b(AD)m(V)-10 b(ANCED)32 b(INTERF)-10 b(A)m(CE)30 b(SUBR)m(OUTINES)0 555 y Fh(6)81 b Fi(Mo)s(dify)22 b(the)g(v)-5 b(alue)23 b(of)f(an)g(existing)i(k)m(eyw)m(ord)e(to)h(b)s(e)f (unde\014ned,)g(or)g(n)m(ull.)38 b(The)22 b(v)-5 b(alue)22 b(string)h(of)f(the)g(k)m(eyw)m(ord)227 668 y(is)30 b(set)h(to)g (blank.)40 b(Optionally)-8 b(,)31 b(one)f(ma)m(y)h(lea)m(v)m(e)h(the)f (commen)m(t)g(\014eld)e(unc)m(hanged)h(b)m(y)g(setting)h(the)f(input) 227 781 y(COMMENT)g(parameter)h(equal)g(to)g(the)g(amp)s(ersand)e(c)m (haracter)j(\(&\).)382 1034 y Fe(FTMKYU\(unit,keyword,comm)o(ent)o(,)42 b(>)47 b(status\))0 1324 y Fb(6.4.7)112 b(Up)s(date)39 b(Keyw)m(ord)e(Subroutines)0 1532 y Fh(1)81 b Fi(Up)s(date)36 b(an)g(80-c)m(haracter)j(record)d(in)g(the)h(CHU.)f(If)g(the)g(sp)s (eci\014ed)g(k)m(eyw)m(ord)h(already)f(exists)h(then)f(that)227 1645 y(header)j(record)f(will)h(b)s(e)f(replaced)i(with)e(the)h(input)f (CARD)g(string.)66 b(If)38 b(it)i(do)s(es)e(not)h(exist)g(then)g(the) 227 1758 y(new)f(record)g(will)g(b)s(e)f(added)h(to)g(the)g(header.)64 b(The)37 b(FTUKLS)g(subroutine)g(w)m(orks)h(the)g(same)h(as)f(the)227 1870 y(FTUKYS)28 b(subroutine,)g(except)i(it)f(also)h(supp)s(orts)c (long)j(string)g(v)-5 b(alues)29 b(greater)h(than)e(68)h(c)m(haracters) h(in)227 1983 y(length.)382 2237 y Fe(FTUCRD\(unit,keyword,card)o(,)42 b(>)47 b(status\))0 2490 y Fh(2)81 b Fi(Up)s(date)44 b(the)i(v)-5 b(alue)45 b(and)g(commen)m(t)h(\014elds)e(of)h(a)h(k)m (eyw)m(ord)f(in)g(the)g(CHU.)h(The)e(sp)s(eci\014ed)g(k)m(eyw)m(ord)i (is)227 2603 y(mo)s(di\014ed)38 b(if)g(it)h(already)g(exists)g(\(b)m(y) g(calling)h(FTMKYx\))f(otherwise)f(a)h(new)f(k)m(eyw)m(ord)h(is)g (created)g(b)m(y)227 2716 y(calling)f(FTPKYx.)58 b(The)36 b(E)g(and)f(D)i(v)m(ersions)f(of)h(this)f(routine)g(ha)m(v)m(e)h(the)g (added)e(feature)i(that)g(if)f(the)227 2828 y('decimals')c(parameter)g (is)f(negativ)m(e,)i(then)d(the)h('G')h(displa)m(y)f(format)g(rather)g (then)f(the)h('E')g(format)h(will)227 2941 y(b)s(e)41 b(used)f(when)h(constructing)h(the)f(k)m(eyw)m(ord)h(v)-5 b(alue,)45 b(taking)d(the)f(absolute)h(v)-5 b(alue)42 b(of)g('decimals')g(for)227 3054 y(the)37 b(precision.)60 b(This)35 b(will)i(suppress)e(trailing)i(zeros,)i(and)d(will)h(use)g(a) g(\014xed)e(format)i(rather)g(than)f(an)227 3167 y(exp)s(onen)m(tial)c (format,)f(dep)s(ending)d(on)j(the)f(magnitude)h(of)f(the)h(v)-5 b(alue.)382 3420 y Fe(FTUKY[JKLS]\(unit,keyword)o(,ke)o(yval)o(,com)o (men)o(t,)42 b(>)47 b(status\))382 3533 y(FTUKLS\(unit,keyword,keyv)o (al,)o(comm)o(ent,)41 b(>)47 b(status\))382 3646 y (FTUKY[EDFG]\(unit,keyword)o(,ke)o(yval)o(,dec)o(ima)o(ls,c)o(omme)o (nt,)41 b(>)48 b(status\))0 3899 y Fh(3)81 b Fi(Up)s(date)23 b(the)g(v)-5 b(alue)24 b(of)g(an)f(existing)i(k)m(eyw)m(ord)f(to)g(b)s (e)f(unde\014ned,)f(or)i(n)m(ull,)h(or)e(insert)h(a)f(new)g (unde\014ned-v)-5 b(alue)227 4012 y(k)m(eyw)m(ord)30 b(if)f(it)h(do)s(esn't)f(already)h(exist.)41 b(The)29 b(v)-5 b(alue)30 b(string)f(of)g(the)h(k)m(eyw)m(ord)f(is)h(left)g (blank)f(in)f(this)i(case.)382 4265 y Fe(FTUKYU\(unit,keyword,comm)o (ent)o(,)42 b(>)47 b(status\))0 4555 y Fb(6.4.8)112 b(Delete)38 b(Keyw)m(ord)f(Subroutines)0 4763 y Fh(1)81 b Fi(Delete)32 b(an)e(existing)h(k)m(eyw)m(ord)g(record.)40 b(The)30 b(space)h(previously)f(o)s(ccupied)g(b)m(y)g(the)g(k)m(eyw)m(ord)h(is)f (reclaimed)227 4876 y(b)m(y)c(mo)m(ving)h(all)g(the)f(follo)m(wing)i (header)e(records)g(up)f(one)h(ro)m(w)h(in)e(the)i(header.)39 b(The)25 b(\014rst)h(routine)g(deletes)227 4989 y(a)34 b(k)m(eyw)m(ord)f(at)h(a)g(sp)s(eci\014ed)e(p)s(osition)h(in)g(the)g (header)g(\(the)h(\014rst)e(k)m(eyw)m(ord)i(is)f(at)h(p)s(osition)f (1\),)i(whereas)227 5102 y(the)d(second)g(routine)g(deletes)h(a)f(sp)s (eci\014cally)g(named)f(k)m(eyw)m(ord.)46 b(Wild)32 b(card)f(c)m (haracters,)j(as)e(describ)s(ed)227 5215 y(in)f(the)g(Read)g(Keyw)m (ord)f(section,)i(ab)s(o)m(v)m(e,)g(ma)m(y)g(b)s(e)e(used)g(when)f(sp)s (ecifying)i(the)g(name)g(of)g(the)f(k)m(eyw)m(ord)227 5328 y(to)h(b)s(e)f(deleted)h(\(b)s(e)f(careful!\).)382 5581 y Fe(FTDREC\(unit,key_no,)42 b(>)48 b(status\))382 5694 y(FTDKEY\(unit,keyword,)42 b(>)48 b(status\))p eop end %%Page: 51 57 TeXDict begin 51 56 bop 0 299 a Fg(6.5.)72 b(D)m(A)-8 b(T)g(A)32 b(SCALING)e(AND)h(UNDEFINED)h(PIXEL)e(P)-8 b(ARAMETERS)1083 b Fi(51)0 555 y Fd(6.5)135 b(Data)46 b(Scaling)g(and)e(Unde\014ned)h(Pixel)h(P)l(arameters)0 805 y Fi(These)24 b(subroutines)f(de\014ne)h(or)h(mo)s(dify)e(the)i(in) m(ternal)g(parameters)g(used)f(b)m(y)g(FITSIO)g(to)h(either)g(scale)h (the)e(data)0 918 y(or)33 b(to)i(represen)m(t)e(unde\014ned)e(pixels.) 50 b(Generally)35 b(FITSIO)d(will)i(scale)g(the)g(data)g(according)g (to)g(the)g(v)-5 b(alues)34 b(of)0 1031 y(the)e(BSCALE)g(and)f(BZER)m (O)h(\(or)h(TSCALn)d(and)i(TZER)m(On\))f(k)m(eyw)m(ords,)i(ho)m(w)m(ev) m(er)h(these)e(subroutines)f(ma)m(y)0 1144 y(b)s(e)h(used)h(to)h(o)m(v) m(erride)g(the)f(k)m(eyw)m(ord)h(v)-5 b(alues.)49 b(This)32 b(ma)m(y)i(b)s(e)f(useful)f(when)g(one)i(w)m(an)m(ts)f(to)h(read)f(or)g (write)h(the)0 1257 y(ra)m(w)c(unscaled)f(v)-5 b(alues)29 b(in)h(the)f(FITS)g(\014le.)40 b(Similarly)-8 b(,)31 b(FITSIO)d(generally)j(uses)e(the)g(v)-5 b(alue)30 b(of)g(the)f(BLANK)h (or)0 1370 y(TNULLn)35 b(k)m(eyw)m(ord)h(to)g(signify)f(an)h (unde\014ned)d(pixel,)k(but)e(these)h(routines)g(ma)m(y)g(b)s(e)e(used) h(to)h(o)m(v)m(erride)h(this)0 1483 y(v)-5 b(alue.)41 b(These)30 b(subroutines)f(do)i(not)f(create)i(or)f(mo)s(dify)e(the)i (corresp)s(onding)e(header)h(k)m(eyw)m(ord)h(v)-5 b(alues.)0 1727 y Fh(1)81 b Fi(Reset)26 b(the)g(scaling)g(factors)g(in)f(the)h (primary)f(arra)m(y)h(or)f(image)i(extension;)h(do)s(es)d(not)g(c)m (hange)i(the)f(BSCALE)227 1840 y(and)i(BZER)m(O)g(k)m(eyw)m(ord)h(v)-5 b(alues)28 b(and)g(only)g(a\013ects)i(the)e(automatic)j(scaling)e(p)s (erformed)e(when)g(the)h(data)227 1953 y(elemen)m(ts)f(are)f (written/read)g(to/from)g(the)g(FITS)f(\014le.)39 b(When)25 b(reading)h(from)f(a)h(FITS)f(\014le)g(the)h(returned)227 2066 y(data)i(v)-5 b(alue)28 b(=)f(\(the)h(v)-5 b(alue)28 b(giv)m(en)h(in)e(the)g(FITS)g(arra)m(y\))h(*)g(BSCALE)f(+)g(BZER)m(O.) g(The)g(in)m(v)m(erse)i(form)m(ula)227 2179 y(is)34 b(used)f(when)g (writing)h(data)h(v)-5 b(alues)34 b(to)g(the)g(FITS)g(\014le.)51 b(\(NOTE:)34 b(BSCALE)f(and)g(BZER)m(O)h(m)m(ust)g(b)s(e)227 2292 y(declared)d(as)g(Double)g(Precision)g(v)-5 b(ariables\).)382 2536 y Fe(FTPSCL\(unit,bscale,bzero)o(,)42 b(>)47 b(status\))0 2780 y Fh(2)81 b Fi(Reset)39 b(the)f(scaling)i(parameters)e(for)h(a)f (table)h(column;)k(do)s(es)38 b(not)g(c)m(hange)i(the)e(TSCALn)f(or)h (TZER)m(On)227 2893 y(k)m(eyw)m(ord)29 b(v)-5 b(alues)29 b(and)e(only)i(a\013ects)g(the)g(automatic)h(scaling)f(p)s(erformed)e (when)g(the)i(data)g(elemen)m(ts)h(are)227 3006 y(written/read)i (to/from)g(the)g(FITS)f(\014le.)44 b(When)31 b(reading)g(from)g(a)h (FITS)f(\014le)g(the)h(returned)e(data)i(v)-5 b(alue)227 3119 y(=)40 b(\(the)h(v)-5 b(alue)40 b(giv)m(en)h(in)f(the)g(FITS)g (arra)m(y\))g(*)h(TSCAL)e(+)g(TZER)m(O.)h(The)f(in)m(v)m(erse)i(form)m (ula)g(is)f(used)227 3232 y(when)33 b(writing)h(data)h(v)-5 b(alues)35 b(to)f(the)h(FITS)e(\014le.)52 b(\(NOTE:)34 b(TSCAL)f(and)g(TZER)m(O)g(m)m(ust)h(b)s(e)f(declared)227 3345 y(as)e(Double)g(Precision)g(v)-5 b(ariables\).)382 3589 y Fe(FTTSCL\(unit,colnum,tscal)o(,tz)o(ero,)41 b(>)48 b(status\))0 3833 y Fh(3)81 b Fi(De\014ne)36 b(the)g(in)m(teger)i(v)-5 b(alue)36 b(to)h(b)s(e)e(used)h(to)h(signify)f(unde\014ned)e(pixels)i (in)g(the)g(primary)f(arra)m(y)i(or)f(image)227 3946 y(extension.)59 b(This)35 b(is)h(only)g(used)g(if)g(BITPIX)g(=)f(8,)j (16,)h(32.)59 b(or)36 b(64)h(This)e(do)s(es)h(not)g(create)i(or)e(c)m (hange)227 4059 y(the)27 b(v)-5 b(alue)28 b(of)f(the)g(BLANK)g(k)m(eyw) m(ord)h(in)e(the)i(header.)39 b(FTPNULLL)27 b(is)g(iden)m(tical)h(to)g (FTPNUL)f(except)227 4172 y(that)k(the)g(blank)f(v)-5 b(alue)31 b(is)f(a)h(64-bit)g(in)m(teger)h(instead)f(of)f(a)h(32-bit)h (in)m(teger.)382 4416 y Fe(FTPNUL\(unit,blank,)43 b(>)k(status\))382 4529 y(FTPNULLL\(unit,blankll,)42 b(>)47 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b(AD)m(V)-10 b(ANCED)32 b(INTERF)-10 b(A)m(CE)30 b(SUBR)m(OUTINES)382 555 y Fe(FTTNUL\(unit,colnum,tnull)41 b(>)47 b(status\))382 668 y(FTTNULLL\(unit,colnum,tnu)o(lll)o(l)42 b(>)47 b(status\))0 1001 y Fd(6.6)135 b(FITS)44 b(Primary)h(Arra)l(y)g (or)g(IMA)l(GE)g(Extension)h(I/O)f(Subroutines)0 1251 y Fi(These)26 b(subroutines)f(put)h(or)h(get)g(data)h(v)-5 b(alues)26 b(in)h(the)f(primary)g(data)h(arra)m(y)g(\(i.e.,)i(the)e (\014rst)f(HDU)h(in)f(the)h(FITS)0 1364 y(\014le\))35 b(or)g(an)f(IMA)m(GE)i(extension.)54 b(The)34 b(data)i(arra)m(y)f(is)f (represen)m(ted)h(as)g(a)g(single)g(one-dimensional)h(arra)m(y)f(of)0 1477 y(pixels)h(regardless)h(of)f(the)g(actual)h(dimensionalit)m(y)g (of)g(the)f(arra)m(y)-8 b(,)38 b(and)e(the)g(FPIXEL)g(parameter)g(giv)m (es)i(the)0 1590 y(p)s(osition)28 b(within)e(this)i(1-D)g(arra)m(y)g (of)g(the)g(\014rst)e(pixel)i(to)g(read)g(or)f(write.)40 b(Automatic)29 b(data)f(t)m(yp)s(e)g(con)m(v)m(ersion)h(is)0 1703 y(p)s(erformed)g(for)i(n)m(umeric)g(data)g(\(except)i(for)d (complex)i(data)f(t)m(yp)s(es\))h(if)f(the)g(data)g(t)m(yp)s(e)g(of)g (the)g(primary)f(arra)m(y)0 1816 y(\(de\014ned)e(b)m(y)g(the)h(BITPIX)f (k)m(eyw)m(ord\))h(di\013ers)g(from)f(the)g(data)i(t)m(yp)s(e)e(of)h (the)g(arra)m(y)g(in)f(the)h(calling)h(subroutine.)0 1929 y(The)41 b(data)i(v)-5 b(alues)42 b(are)g(also)h(scaled)f(b)m(y)g (the)g(BSCALE)f(and)g(BZER)m(O)h(header)f(v)-5 b(alues)42 b(as)g(they)g(are)g(b)s(eing)0 2042 y(written)32 b(or)g(read)g(from)g (the)g(FITS)g(arra)m(y)-8 b(.)47 b(The)31 b(ftpscl)i(subroutine)e(MUST) g(b)s(e)h(called)h(to)g(de\014ne)e(the)i(scaling)0 2155 y(parameters)h(when)e(writing)i(data)g(to)g(the)g(FITS)f(arra)m(y)h(or) f(to)h(o)m(v)m(erride)h(the)f(default)f(scaling)i(v)-5 b(alue)34 b(giv)m(en)g(in)0 2267 y(the)d(header)f(when)f(reading)i(the) f(FITS)g(arra)m(y)-8 b(.)0 2428 y(Tw)m(o)41 b(sets)f(of)h(subroutines)e (are)i(pro)m(vided)f(to)h(read)g(the)f(data)i(arra)m(y)f(whic)m(h)f (di\013er)g(in)g(the)h(w)m(a)m(y)g(unde\014ned)0 2541 y(pixels)35 b(are)h(handled.)55 b(The)35 b(\014rst)f(set)i(of)g (routines)f(\(FTGPVx\))h(simply)f(return)f(an)h(arra)m(y)h(of)g(data)g (elemen)m(ts)0 2653 y(in)c(whic)m(h)g(unde\014ned)e(pixels)i(are)h(set) f(equal)h(to)g(a)g(v)-5 b(alue)32 b(sp)s(eci\014ed)g(b)m(y)g(the)g (user)g(in)g(the)g('n)m(ullv)-5 b(al')33 b(parameter.)0 2766 y(An)h(additional)i(feature)f(of)f(these)h(subroutines)f(is)g (that)i(if)e(the)h(user)f(sets)h(n)m(ullv)-5 b(al)35 b(=)f(0,)i(then)f(no)f(c)m(hec)m(ks)i(for)0 2879 y(unde\014ned)d (pixels)j(will)g(b)s(e)e(p)s(erformed,)i(th)m(us)f(increasing)h(the)g (sp)s(eed)e(of)i(the)g(program.)55 b(The)35 b(second)h(set)g(of)0 2992 y(routines)31 b(\(FTGPFx\))i(returns)d(the)i(data)g(elemen)m(t)h (arra)m(y)f(and,)f(in)h(addition,)g(a)g(logical)i(arra)m(y)e(whic)m(h)f (de\014nes)0 3105 y(whether)40 b(the)g(corresp)s(onding)f(data)i(pixel) g(is)f(unde\014ned.)69 b(The)39 b(latter)j(set)f(of)f(subroutines)f(ma) m(y)i(b)s(e)f(more)0 3218 y(con)m(v)m(enien)m(t)33 b(to)g(use)e(in)g (some)g(circumstances,)i(ho)m(w)m(ev)m(er,)g(it)f(requires)f(an)g (additional)h(arra)m(y)g(of)g(logical)i(v)-5 b(alues)0 3331 y(whic)m(h)36 b(can)g(b)s(e)g(un)m(wieldy)f(when)h(w)m(orking)g (with)g(large)h(data)g(arra)m(ys.)58 b(Also)37 b(for)f(programmer)g (con)m(v)m(enience,)0 3444 y(sets)j(of)g(subroutines)f(to)h(directly)h (read)e(or)h(write)g(2)g(and)g(3)g(dimensional)g(arra)m(ys)g(ha)m(v)m (e)h(b)s(een)e(pro)m(vided,)j(as)0 3557 y(w)m(ell)31 b(as)f(a)g(set)g(of)g(subroutines)e(to)i(read)g(or)g(write)f(an)m(y)h (con)m(tiguous)h(rectangular)g(subset)e(of)h(pixels)g(within)f(the)0 3670 y(n-dimensional)h(arra)m(y)-8 b(.)0 3925 y Fh(1)81 b Fi(Get)39 b(the)g(data)h(t)m(yp)s(e)e(of)h(the)g(image)h(\(=)f (BITPIX)f(v)-5 b(alue\).)67 b(P)m(ossible)39 b(returned)f(v)-5 b(alues)39 b(are:)58 b(8,)41 b(16,)h(32,)227 4038 y(64,)36 b(-32,)h(or)d(-64)h(corresp)s(onding)e(to)h(unsigned)f(b)m(yte,)j (signed)e(2-b)m(yte)h(in)m(teger,)i(signed)d(4-b)m(yte)h(in)m(teger,) 227 4151 y(signed)c(8-b)m(yte)g(in)m(teger,)h(real,)g(and)d(double.)227 4300 y(The)d(second)f(subroutine)g(is)h(similar)g(to)g(FTGIDT,)h (except)f(that)h(if)f(the)f(image)j(pixel)e(v)-5 b(alues)26 b(are)g(scaled,)227 4413 y(with)h(non-default)g(v)-5 b(alues)27 b(for)g(the)h(BZER)m(O)f(and)f(BSCALE)g(k)m(eyw)m(ords,)j (then)e(this)g(routine)g(will)g(return)227 4526 y(the)32 b('equiv)-5 b(alen)m(t')33 b(data)e(t)m(yp)s(e)h(that)f(is)g(needed)g (to)h(store)g(the)f(scaled)h(v)-5 b(alues.)43 b(F)-8 b(or)32 b(example,)g(if)f(BITPIX)227 4639 y(=)39 b(16)g(and)g(BSCALE)f (=)g(0.1)i(then)f(the)g(equiv)-5 b(alen)m(t)40 b(data)f(t)m(yp)s(e)g (is)g(\015oating)h(p)s(oin)m(t,)h(and)d(-32)i(will)g(b)s(e)227 4752 y(returned.)65 b(There)39 b(are)g(2)g(sp)s(ecial)h(cases:)58 b(if)39 b(the)g(image)h(con)m(tains)g(unsigned)e(2-b)m(yte)i(in)m (teger)g(v)-5 b(alues,)227 4865 y(with)40 b(BITPIX)g(=)f(16,)44 b(BSCALE)39 b(=)h(1,)j(and)c(BZER)m(O)h(=)g(32768,)45 b(then)39 b(this)h(routine)g(will)h(return)e(a)227 4978 y(non-standard)26 b(v)-5 b(alue)27 b(of)g(20)h(for)f(the)g(bitpix)g(v) -5 b(alue.)40 b(Similarly)27 b(if)f(the)i(image)g(con)m(tains)g (unsigned)e(4-b)m(yte)227 5091 y(in)m(tegers,)32 b(then)e(bitpix)g (will)h(b)s(e)f(returned)f(with)h(a)h(v)-5 b(alue)31 b(of)f(40.)382 5346 y Fe(FTGIDT\(unit,)44 b(>)k(bitpix,status\))382 5459 y(FTGIET\(unit,)c(>)k(bitpix,status\))0 5714 y Fh(2)81 b Fi(Get)31 b(the)g(dimension)e(\(n)m(um)m(b)s(er)h(of)g(axes)h(=)f (NAXIS\))h(of)f(the)h(image)p eop end %%Page: 53 59 TeXDict begin 53 58 bop 0 299 a Fg(6.6.)72 b(FITS)30 b(PRIMAR)-8 b(Y)31 b(ARRA)-8 b(Y)31 b(OR)f(IMA)m(GE)h(EXTENSION)e(I/O)i (SUBR)m(OUTINES)589 b Fi(53)382 555 y Fe(FTGIDM\(unit,)44 b(>)k(naxis,status\))0 807 y Fh(3)81 b Fi(Get)38 b(the)f(size)h(of)f (all)h(the)f(dimensions)g(of)g(the)g(image.)62 b(The)37 b(FTGISZLL)e(routine)i(returns)f(an)h(arra)m(y)h(of)227 920 y(64-bit)32 b(in)m(tegers)g(instead)e(of)h(32-bit)g(in)m(tegers.) 382 1172 y Fe(FTGISZ\(unit,)44 b(maxdim,)i(>)i(naxes,status\))382 1285 y(FTGISZLL\(unit,)c(maxdim,)i(>)h(naxesll,status\))0 1537 y Fh(4)81 b Fi(Get)35 b(the)f(parameters)g(that)h(de\014ne)e(the)h (t)m(yp)s(e)g(and)g(size)g(of)h(the)f(image.)53 b(This)33 b(routine)h(simply)f(com)m(bines)227 1649 y(calls)40 b(to)f(the)g(ab)s(o)m(v)m(e)h(3)f(routines.)65 b(The)38 b(FTGIPRLL)g(routine)h(returns)e(an)i(arra)m(y)g(of)g(64-bit)h(in)m (tegers)227 1762 y(instead)31 b(of)f(32-bit)i(in)m(tegers.)382 2014 y Fe(FTGIPR\(unit,)44 b(maxdim,)i(>)i(bitpix,)d(naxis,)h(naxes,)h (int)f(*status\))382 2127 y(FTGIPRLL\(unit,)e(maxdim,)i(>)h(bitpix,)f (naxis,)g(naxesll,)f(int)i(*status\))0 2379 y Fh(5)81 b Fi(Put)30 b(elemen)m(ts)h(in)m(to)h(the)e(data)h(arra)m(y)382 2631 y Fe(FTPPR[BIJKED]\(unit,group)o(,fp)o(ixel)o(,nel)o(eme)o(nts,)o (valu)o(es,)41 b(>)48 b(status\))0 2883 y Fh(6)81 b Fi(Put)30 b(elemen)m(ts)i(in)m(to)f(the)g(data)g(arra)m(y)-8 b(,)32 b(substituting)e(the)g(appropriate)h(FITS)f(n)m(ull)g(v)-5 b(alue)31 b(for)f(all)i(elemen)m(ts)227 2996 y(whic)m(h)c(are)f(equal)i (to)f(the)f(v)-5 b(alue)28 b(of)g(NULL)-10 b(V)g(AL.)28 b(F)-8 b(or)28 b(in)m(teger)h(FITS)e(arra)m(ys,)i(the)e(n)m(ull)h(v)-5 b(alue)28 b(de\014ned)e(b)m(y)227 3109 y(the)k(previous)f(call)i(to)g (FTPNUL)e(will)h(b)s(e)f(substituted;)h(for)f(\015oating)i(p)s(oin)m(t) f(FITS)f(arra)m(ys)h(\(BITPIX)f(=)227 3221 y(-32)j(or)e(-64\))i(then)e (the)h(sp)s(ecial)g(IEEE)e(NaN)i(\(Not-a-Num)m(b)s(er\))h(v)-5 b(alue)31 b(will)g(b)s(e)f(substituted.)382 3473 y Fe (FTPPN[BIJKED]\(unit,group)o(,fp)o(ixel)o(,nel)o(eme)o(nts,)o(valu)o (es,)o(null)o(val)41 b(>)48 b(status\))0 3725 y Fh(7)81 b Fi(Set)30 b(data)h(arra)m(y)g(elemen)m(ts)h(as)e(unde\014ned)382 3977 y Fe(FTPPRU\(unit,group,fpixel)o(,ne)o(leme)o(nts,)41 b(>)47 b(status\))0 4229 y Fh(8)81 b Fi(Get)36 b(elemen)m(ts)g(from)f (the)g(data)h(arra)m(y)-8 b(.)55 b(Unde\014ned)34 b(arra)m(y)h(elemen)m (ts)i(will)e(b)s(e)g(returned)f(with)g(a)i(v)-5 b(alue)35 b(=)227 4342 y(n)m(ullv)-5 b(al,)31 b(unless)f(n)m(ullv)-5 b(al)31 b(=)f(0)h(in)f(whic)m(h)g(case)h(no)g(c)m(hec)m(ks)g(for)g (unde\014ned)d(pixels)i(will)h(b)s(e)f(p)s(erformed.)382 4594 y Fe(FTGPV[BIJKED]\(unit,group)o(,fp)o(ixel)o(,nel)o(eme)o(nts,)o (null)o(val)o(,)42 b(>)47 b(values,anyf,status\))0 4845 y Fh(9)81 b Fi(Get)32 b(elemen)m(ts)g(and)f(n)m(ull\015ags)g(from)g (data)h(arra)m(y)-8 b(.)44 b(An)m(y)32 b(unde\014ned)d(arra)m(y)i (elemen)m(ts)i(will)e(ha)m(v)m(e)i(the)e(corre-)227 4958 y(sp)s(onding)e(\015agv)-5 b(als)31 b(elemen)m(t)h(set)f(equal)g(to)g (.TR)m(UE.)382 5210 y Fe(FTGPF[BIJKED]\(unit,group)o(,fp)o(ixel)o(,nel) o(eme)o(nts,)41 b(>)48 b(values,flagvals,anyf,st)o(atu)o(s\))0 5462 y Fh(10)e Fi(Put)30 b(v)-5 b(alues)31 b(in)m(to)g(group)f (parameters)382 5714 y Fe(FTPGP[BIJKED]\(unit,group)o(,fp)o(arm,)o (npar)o(m,v)o(alue)o(s,)42 b(>)47 b(status\))p eop end %%Page: 54 60 TeXDict begin 54 59 bop 0 299 a Fi(54)1319 b Fg(CHAPTER)29 b(6.)112 b(AD)m(V)-10 b(ANCED)32 b(INTERF)-10 b(A)m(CE)30 b(SUBR)m(OUTINES)0 555 y Fh(11)46 b Fi(Get)31 b(v)-5 b(alues)31 b(from)f(group)g(parameters)382 809 y Fe (FTGGP[BIJKED]\(unit,group)o(,fp)o(arm,)o(npar)o(m,)41 b(>)48 b(values,status\))0 1062 y Fi(The)32 b(follo)m(wing)h(4)g (subroutines)e(transfer)g(FITS)h(images)h(with)f(2)g(or)g(3)h (dimensions)e(to)i(or)f(from)g(a)h(data)f(arra)m(y)0 1175 y(whic)m(h)h(has)g(b)s(een)g(declared)g(in)g(the)h(calling)h (program.)49 b(The)33 b(dimensionalit)m(y)h(of)g(the)f(FITS)g(image)h (is)f(passed)0 1288 y(b)m(y)26 b(the)g(naxis1,)h(naxis2,)h(and)d (naxis3)i(parameters)f(and)f(the)h(declared)h(dimensions)e(of)h(the)g (program)g(arra)m(y)h(are)0 1401 y(passed)k(in)f(the)i(dim1)e(and)h (dim2)g(parameters.)43 b(Note)32 b(that)g(the)f(program)g(arra)m(y)g (do)s(es)g(not)g(ha)m(v)m(e)i(to)e(ha)m(v)m(e)i(the)0 1514 y(same)28 b(dimensions)f(as)h(the)g(FITS)e(arra)m(y)-8 b(,)30 b(but)d(m)m(ust)g(b)s(e)g(at)i(least)f(as)g(big.)40 b(F)-8 b(or)29 b(example)f(if)f(a)h(FITS)f(image)i(with)0 1627 y(NAXIS1)i(=)f(NAXIS2)h(=)f(400)i(is)e(read)h(in)m(to)g(a)g (program)f(arra)m(y)h(whic)m(h)f(is)h(dimensioned)f(as)g(512)i(x)f(512) g(pixels,)0 1739 y(then)d(the)g(image)i(will)e(just)g(\014ll)g(the)h (lo)m(w)m(er)g(left)g(corner)f(of)h(the)f(arra)m(y)h(with)f(pixels)g (in)g(the)h(range)f(1)h(-)f(400)i(in)e(the)0 1852 y(X)k(an)g(Y)h (directions.)47 b(This)31 b(has)h(the)h(e\013ect)g(of)g(taking)g(a)g (con)m(tiguous)g(set)g(of)f(pixel)h(v)-5 b(alue)33 b(in)e(the)i(FITS)e (arra)m(y)0 1965 y(and)k(writing)g(them)g(to)h(a)g(non-con)m(tiguous)g (arra)m(y)f(in)g(program)g(memory)g(\(i.e.,)j(there)e(are)f(no)m(w)h (some)f(blank)0 2078 y(pixels)c(around)e(the)h(edge)i(of)e(the)h(image) g(in)f(the)h(program)f(arra)m(y\).)0 2332 y Fh(11)46 b Fi(Put)30 b(2-D)i(image)f(in)m(to)h(the)e(data)h(arra)m(y)382 2585 y Fe(FTP2D[BIJKED]\(unit,group)o(,di)o(m1,n)o(axis)o(1,n)o(axis)o (2,im)o(age)o(,)42 b(>)47 b(status\))0 2838 y Fh(12)f Fi(Put)30 b(3-D)i(cub)s(e)d(in)m(to)j(the)e(data)h(arra)m(y)382 3092 y Fe(FTP3D[BIJKED]\(unit,group)o(,di)o(m1,d)o(im2,)o(nax)o(is1,)o (naxi)o(s2,)o(naxi)o(s3,c)o(ube)o(,)42 b(>)47 b(status\))0 3345 y Fh(13)f Fi(Get)29 b(2-D)f(image)h(from)f(the)f(data)i(arra)m(y) -8 b(.)41 b(Unde\014ned)26 b(pixels)h(in)h(the)g(arra)m(y)g(will)g(b)s (e)f(set)h(equal)g(to)h(the)e(v)-5 b(alue)227 3458 y(of)31 b('n)m(ullv)-5 b(al',)31 b(unless)f(n)m(ullv)-5 b(al=0)31 b(in)f(whic)m(h)g(case)i(no)e(testing)i(for)e(unde\014ned)e(pixels)i (will)h(b)s(e)f(p)s(erformed.)382 3712 y Fe(FTG2D[BIJKED]\(unit,group)o (,nu)o(llva)o(l,di)o(m1,)o(naxi)o(s1,n)o(axi)o(s2,)41 b(>)48 b(image,anyf,status\))0 3965 y Fh(14)e Fi(Get)31 b(3-D)h(cub)s(e)e(from)g(the)g(data)h(arra)m(y)-8 b(.)42 b(Unde\014ned)29 b(pixels)i(in)f(the)g(arra)m(y)h(will)g(b)s(e)f(set)h (equal)g(to)g(the)f(v)-5 b(alue)227 4078 y(of)31 b('n)m(ullv)-5 b(al',)31 b(unless)f(n)m(ullv)-5 b(al=0)31 b(in)f(whic)m(h)g(case)i(no) e(testing)i(for)e(unde\014ned)e(pixels)i(will)h(b)s(e)f(p)s(erformed.) 382 4331 y Fe(FTG3D[BIJKED]\(unit,group)o(,nu)o(llva)o(l,di)o(m1,)o (dim2)o(,nax)o(is1)o(,nax)o(is2,)o(nax)o(is3,)41 b(>)1002 4444 y(cube,anyf,status\))0 4698 y Fi(The)i(follo)m(wing)h(subroutines) e(transfer)h(a)h(rectangular)g(subset)e(of)i(the)f(pixels)g(in)g(a)h (FITS)e(N-dimensional)0 4811 y(image)31 b(to)g(or)f(from)f(an)h(arra)m (y)g(whic)m(h)g(has)g(b)s(een)f(declared)h(in)g(the)g(calling)i (program.)40 b(The)29 b(fpixels)h(and)f(lpixels)0 4924 y(parameters)e(are)h(in)m(teger)g(arra)m(ys)g(whic)m(h)f(sp)s(ecify)f (the)i(starting)g(and)e(ending)h(pixels)g(in)g(eac)m(h)h(dimension)e (of)i(the)0 5036 y(FITS)36 b(image)i(that)f(are)g(to)h(b)s(e)e(read)g (or)h(written.)60 b(\(Note)38 b(that)g(these)f(are)g(the)g(starting)g (and)f(ending)h(pixels)0 5149 y(in)d(the)h(FITS)f(image,)k(not)d(in)f (the)h(declared)g(arra)m(y\).)55 b(The)34 b(arra)m(y)i(parameter)f(is)g (treated)g(simply)g(as)g(a)g(large)0 5262 y(one-dimensional)c(arra)m(y) f(of)h(the)f(appropriate)g(datat)m(yp)s(e)h(con)m(taining)h(the)e (pixel)g(v)-5 b(alues;)31 b(The)e(pixel)i(v)-5 b(alues)30 b(in)0 5375 y(the)c(FITS)f(arra)m(y)i(are)f(read/written)g(from/to)h (this)f(program)f(arra)m(y)i(in)e(strict)i(sequence)f(without)g(an)m(y) h(gaps;)g(it)0 5488 y(is)i(up)e(to)j(the)f(calling)h(routine)f(to)g (correctly)h(in)m(terpret)f(the)g(dimensionalit)m(y)h(of)f(this)g(arra) m(y)-8 b(.)41 b(The)28 b(t)m(w)m(o)i(families)0 5601 y(of)d(FITS)g(reading)g(routines)g(\(FTGSVx)g(and)g(FTGSFx)g (subroutines\))f(also)j(ha)m(v)m(e)f(an)f('incs')h(parameter)f(whic)m (h)0 5714 y(de\014nes)j(the)h(data)h(sampling)e(in)m(terv)-5 b(al)32 b(in)f(eac)m(h)h(dimension)e(of)h(the)g(FITS)f(arra)m(y)-8 b(.)43 b(F)-8 b(or)32 b(example,)g(if)f(incs\(1\)=2)p eop end %%Page: 55 61 TeXDict begin 55 60 bop 0 299 a Fg(6.7.)72 b(FITS)30 b(ASCI)s(I)f(AND)i(BINAR)-8 b(Y)31 b(T)-8 b(ABLE)31 b(D)m(A)-8 b(T)g(A)32 b(I/O)e(SUBR)m(OUTINES)979 b Fi(55)0 555 y(and)33 b(incs\(2\)=3)h(when)f(reading)g(a)h(2-dimensional)g(FITS)f(image,)i (then)e(only)h(ev)m(ery)g(other)f(pixel)h(in)f(the)h(\014rst)0 668 y(dimension)e(and)h(ev)m(ery)h(3rd)e(pixel)i(in)f(the)g(second)g (dimension)f(will)i(b)s(e)e(returned)g(in)h(the)g('arra)m(y')h (parameter.)0 781 y([Note:)39 b(the)25 b(FTGSSx)f(family)i(of)e (routines)h(whic)m(h)g(w)m(ere)g(presen)m(t)g(in)f(previous)g(v)m (ersions)h(of)g(FITSIO)f(ha)m(v)m(e)i(b)s(een)0 894 y(sup)s(erseded)i (b)m(y)j(the)f(more)h(general)g(FTGSVx)f(family)h(of)g(routines.])0 1152 y Fh(15)46 b Fi(Put)30 b(an)g(arbitrary)g(data)h(subsection)g(in)m (to)g(the)g(data)g(arra)m(y)-8 b(.)382 1411 y Fe (FTPSS[BIJKED]\(unit,group)o(,na)o(xis,)o(naxe)o(s,f)o(pixe)o(ls,l)o (pix)o(els,)o(arra)o(y,)41 b(>)48 b(status\))0 1669 y Fh(16)e Fi(Get)30 b(an)e(arbitrary)g(data)i(subsection)e(from)g(the)h (data)g(arra)m(y)-8 b(.)42 b(Unde\014ned)27 b(pixels)h(in)h(the)f(arra) m(y)i(will)e(b)s(e)g(set)227 1782 y(equal)k(to)h(the)e(v)-5 b(alue)33 b(of)e('n)m(ullv)-5 b(al',)33 b(unless)e(n)m(ullv)-5 b(al=0)33 b(in)e(whic)m(h)g(case)i(no)e(testing)i(for)e(unde\014ned)f (pixels)227 1895 y(will)h(b)s(e)f(p)s(erformed.)382 2154 y Fe(FTGSV[BIJKED]\(unit,group)o(,na)o(xis,)o(naxe)o(s,f)o(pixe)o(ls,l) o(pix)o(els,)o(incs)o(,nu)o(llva)o(l,)42 b(>)1002 2266 y(array,anyf,status\))0 2525 y Fh(17)k Fi(Get)34 b(an)f(arbitrary)g (data)g(subsection)g(from)g(the)g(data)g(arra)m(y)-8 b(.)50 b(An)m(y)33 b(Unde\014ned)e(pixels)i(in)g(the)g(arra)m(y)h(will) 227 2638 y(ha)m(v)m(e)e(the)e(corresp)s(onding)g('\015agv)-5 b(als')31 b(elemen)m(t)h(set)f(equal)g(to)g(.TR)m(UE.)382 2896 y Fe(FTGSF[BIJKED]\(unit,group)o(,na)o(xis,)o(naxe)o(s,f)o(pixe)o (ls,l)o(pix)o(els,)o(incs)o(,)42 b(>)1002 3009 y (array,flagvals,anyf,statu)o(s\))0 3343 y Fd(6.7)135 b(FITS)44 b(ASCI)t(I)g(and)h(Binary)g(T)-11 b(able)45 b(Data)h(I/O)f(Subroutines)0 3596 y Fb(6.7.1)112 b(Column)39 b(Information)f(Subroutines)0 3805 y Fh(1)81 b Fi(Get)37 b(the)f(n)m(um)m(b)s(er)f(of)i(ro)m(ws)f(or)g(columns)g(in)g(the)h (curren)m(t)f(FITS)g(table.)59 b(The)36 b(n)m(um)m(b)s(er)f(of)h(ro)m (ws)h(is)f(giv)m(en)227 3918 y(b)m(y)f(the)h(NAXIS2)f(k)m(eyw)m(ord)h (and)f(the)g(n)m(um)m(b)s(er)f(of)h(columns)g(is)g(giv)m(en)h(b)m(y)g (the)f(TFIELDS)g(k)m(eyw)m(ord)g(in)227 4031 y(the)d(header)f(of)h(the) g(table.)45 b(The)31 b(FTGNR)-10 b(WLL)32 b(routine)g(is)f(iden)m (tical)i(to)g(FTGNR)-10 b(W)32 b(except)h(that)f(the)227 4144 y(n)m(um)m(b)s(er)d(of)i(ro)m(ws)f(is)h(returned)e(as)h(a)h (64-bit)h(in)m(teger)g(rather)e(than)g(a)h(32-bit)g(in)m(teger.)382 4402 y Fe(FTGNRW\(unit,)44 b(>)k(nrows,)e(status\))382 4515 y(FTGNRWLL\(unit,)e(>)j(nrowsll,)f(status\))382 4628 y(FTGNCL\(unit,)e(>)k(ncols,)e(status\))0 4886 y Fh(2)81 b Fi(Get)25 b(the)f(table)i(column)e(n)m(um)m(b)s(er)f(\(and)h (name\))h(of)f(the)h(column)f(whose)g(name)g(matc)m(hes)i(an)e(input)g (template)227 4999 y(name.)38 b(The)21 b(table)i(column)e(names)h(are)g 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begin 56 61 bop 0 299 a Fi(56)1319 b Fg(CHAPTER)29 b(6.)112 b(AD)m(V)-10 b(ANCED)32 b(INTERF)-10 b(A)m(CE)30 b(SUBR)m(OUTINES)227 555 y Fi(it)k(ma)m(y)g(con)m(tain)g(the)f(n)m(um)m (b)s(er)f(of)h(the)g(desired)g(column)g(\(where)g(the)g(n)m(um)m(b)s (er)f(is)h(expressed)f(as)h(ASCI)s(I)227 668 y(digits\).)41 b(The)28 b(\014rst)g(2)h(wild)f(cards)g(b)s(eha)m(v)m(e)h(similarly)g (to)g(UNIX)g(\014lename)g(matc)m(hing:)40 b(the)29 b('*')g(c)m (haracter)227 781 y(matc)m(hes)e(an)m(y)g(sequence)f(of)h(c)m (haracters)g(\(including)f(zero)h(c)m(haracters\))h(and)d(the)i(')10 b(?')39 b(c)m(haracter)28 b(matc)m(hes)227 894 y(an)m(y)40 b(single)h(c)m(haracter.)71 b(The)39 b(#)h(wildcard)f(will)h(matc)m(h)h (an)m(y)f(consecutiv)m(e)i(string)e(of)g(decimal)g(digits)227 1007 y(\(0-9\).)45 b(As)31 b(an)g(example,)h(the)f(template)h(strings)f ('AB?DE',)h('AB*E',)h(and)d('AB*CDE')j(will)e(all)h(matc)m(h)227 1120 y(the)26 b(string)g('ABCDE'.)i(If)d(more)h(than)g(one)g(column)g 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(umeric)e(v)-5 b(ariable)32 b(\(span-)227 4504 y(ning)j(columns)f(and)g (m)m(ultiple)h(ro)m(ws)g(if)f(necessary\))i(The)e(arra)m(y)h(parameter) g(ma)m(y)h(b)s(e)e(declared)h(as)g(an)m(y)227 4617 y(n)m(umerical)g (datat)m(yp)s(e)g(as)g(long)g(as)g(the)f(arra)m(y)h(is)f(at)h(least)h ('nc)m(hars')f(b)m(ytes)f(long,)j(e.g.,)f(if)f(nc)m(hars)f(=)g(17,)227 4730 y(then)c(declare)i(the)e(arra)m(y)h(as)g(INTEGER*4)g(ARRA)-8 b(Y\(5\).)382 4989 y Fe(FTPTBB\(unit,frow,startch)o(ar,)o(ncha)o(rs,a)o (rra)o(y,)42 b(>)47 b(status\))0 5279 y Fb(6.7.3)112 b(Edit)37 b(Ro)m(ws)g(or)h(Columns)0 5488 y Fh(1)81 b Fi(Insert)26 b(blank)h(ro)m(ws)h(in)m(to)g(an)f(existing)h(ASCI)s(I)e (or)h(binary)g(table)h(\(in)g(the)f(CDU\).)h(All)g(the)g(ro)m(ws)f(F)m (OLLO)m(W-)227 5601 y(ING)35 b(ro)m(w)g(FR)m(O)m(W)g(are)g(shifted)f (do)m(wn)g(b)m(y)h(NR)m(O)m(WS)g(ro)m(ws.)53 b(If)34 b(FR)m(O)m(W)i(or)e(FR)m(O)m(WLL)i(equals)e(0)h(then)227 5714 y(the)27 b(blank)f(ro)m(ws)h(are)g(inserted)f(at)h(the)g(b)s (eginning)f(of)g(the)h(table.)41 b(These)26 b(routines)g(mo)s(dify)g (the)h(NAXIS2)p eop end %%Page: 59 65 TeXDict begin 59 64 bop 0 299 a Fg(6.7.)72 b(FITS)30 b(ASCI)s(I)f(AND)i(BINAR)-8 b(Y)31 b(T)-8 b(ABLE)31 b(D)m(A)-8 b(T)g(A)32 b(I/O)e(SUBR)m(OUTINES)979 b Fi(59)227 555 y(k)m(eyw)m(ord)35 b(to)h(re\015ect)f(the)g(new)f(n)m(um)m(b)s(er)f(of) i(ro)m(ws)g(in)f(the)h(table.)54 b(Note)36 b(that)f(it)h(is)e(*not*)i (necessary)f(to)227 668 y(insert)c(ro)m(ws)f(in)g(a)h(table)g(b)s (efore)f(writing)g(data)i(to)f(those)g(ro)m(ws)f(\(indeed,)g(it)h(w)m (ould)g(b)s(e)e(ine\016cien)m(t)j(to)f(do)227 781 y(so\).)54 b(Instead,)35 b(one)g(ma)m(y)g(simply)f(write)h(data)g(to)g(an)m(y)g (ro)m(w)f(of)h(the)g(table,)h(whether)e(that)h(ro)m(w)g(of)f(data)227 894 y(already)d(exists)g(or)g(not.)382 1116 y Fe (FTIROW\(unit,frow,nrows,)41 b(>)48 b(status\))382 1229 y(FTIROWLL\(unit,frowll,nro)o(wsl)o(l,)42 b(>)47 b(status\))0 1451 y Fh(2)81 b Fi(Delete)25 b(ro)m(ws)f(from)f(an)g(existing)i(ASCI)s (I)c(or)j(binary)f(table)h(\(in)f(the)h(CDU\).)g(The)f(NR)m(O)m(WS)h (\(or)g(NR)m(O)m(WSLL\))227 1564 y(is)e(the)g(n)m(um)m(b)s(er)f(of)h (ro)m(ws)g(are)g(deleted,)i(starting)f(with)f(ro)m(w)g(FR)m(O)m(W)h (\(or)f(FR)m(O)m(WLL\),)h(and)f(an)m(y)g(remaining)227 1677 y(ro)m(ws)f(in)g(the)f(table)i(are)f(shifted)g(up)e(to)j(\014ll)f (in)f(the)h(space.)38 b(These)21 b(routines)f(mo)s(dify)g(the)h(NAXIS2) g(k)m(eyw)m(ord)227 1790 y(to)31 b(re\015ect)g(the)g(new)f(n)m(um)m(b)s (er)f(of)h(ro)m(ws)h(in)f(the)g(table.)382 2012 y Fe (FTDROW\(unit,frow,nrows,)41 b(>)48 b(status\))382 2125 y(FTDROWLL\(unit,frowll,nro)o(wsl)o(l,)42 b(>)47 b(status\))0 2348 y Fh(3)81 b Fi(Delete)26 b(a)f(list)g(of)g(ro)m(ws)f(from)g(an)h (ASCI)s(I)e(or)h(binary)g(table)h(\(in)g(the)f(CDU\).)i(In)e(the)g (\014rst)g(routine,)i('ro)m(wrange')227 2461 y(is)i(a)g(c)m(haracter)h (string)f(listing)h(the)f(ro)m(ws)f(or)h(ro)m(w)g(ranges)g(to)g(delete) h(\(e.g.,)i('2-4,)e(5,)g(8-9'\).)42 b(In)27 b(the)h(second)227 2574 y(routine,)37 b('ro)m(wlist')f(is)f(an)f(in)m(teger)j(arra)m(y)e (of)g(ro)m(w)g(n)m(um)m(b)s(ers)e(to)j(b)s(e)e(deleted)i(from)e(the)h (table.)56 b(nro)m(ws)34 b(is)227 2686 y(the)e(n)m(um)m(b)s(er)e(of)h (ro)m(w)h(n)m(um)m(b)s(ers)e(in)h(the)g(list.)45 b(The)31 b(\014rst)f(ro)m(w)i(in)f(the)g(table)i(is)e(1)h(not)f(0.)44 b(The)31 b(list)h(of)g(ro)m(w)227 2799 y(n)m(um)m(b)s(ers)d(m)m(ust)h (b)s(e)g(sorted)h(in)f(ascending)g(order.)382 3022 y Fe(FTDRRG\(unit,rowrange,)42 b(>)47 b(status\))382 3135 y(FTDRWS\(unit,rowlist,nrow)o(s,)41 b(>)48 b(status\))0 3357 y Fh(4)81 b Fi(Insert)43 b(a)i(blank)f(column)h(\(or)f(columns\))h (in)m(to)g(an)f(existing)i(ASCI)s(I)d(or)h(binary)g(table)h(\(in)g(the) f(CDU\).)227 3470 y(COLNUM)c(sp)s(eci\014es)g(the)h(column)f(n)m(um)m (b)s(er)f(that)i(the)f(\(\014rst\))g(new)g(column)g(should)f(o)s(ccup)m (y)i(in)f(the)227 3583 y(table.)58 b(NCOLS)34 b(sp)s(eci\014es)h(ho)m (w)h(man)m(y)g(columns)f(are)h(to)g(b)s(e)f(inserted.)57 b(An)m(y)35 b(existing)i(columns)e(from)227 3696 y(this)k(p)s(osition)f (and)g(higher)g(are)h(mo)m(v)m(ed)g(o)m(v)m(er)h(to)f(allo)m(w)h(ro)s (om)e(for)h(the)f(new)g(column\(s\).)65 b(The)38 b(index)227 3808 y(n)m(um)m(b)s(er)j(on)h(all)h(the)f(follo)m(wing)h(k)m(eyw)m (ords)g(will)f(b)s(e)f(incremen)m(ted)i(if)f(necessary)g(to)h (re\015ect)f(the)g(new)227 3921 y(p)s(osition)32 b(of)f(the)g (column\(s\))h(in)f(the)g(table:)43 b(TBCOLn,)30 b(TF)m(ORMn,)i (TTYPEn,)e(TUNITn,)h(TNULLn,)227 4034 y(TSCALn,)22 b(TZER)m(On,)g (TDISPn,)g(TDIMn,)h(TLMINn,)g(TLMAXn,)f(TDMINn,)i(TDMAXn,)f(TCTYPn,)227 4147 y(TCRPXn,)30 b(TCR)-10 b(VLn,)29 b(TCDL)-8 b(Tn,)30 b(TCR)m(OTn,)f(and)g(TCUNIn.)382 4370 y Fe(FTICOL\(unit,colnum,ttype)o (,tf)o(orm,)41 b(>)48 b(status\))382 4482 y(FTICLS\(unit,colnum,ncols)o (,tt)o(ype,)o(tfor)o(m,)41 b(>)48 b(status\))0 4705 y Fh(5)81 b Fi(Mo)s(dify)37 b(the)g(v)m(ector)i(length)f(of)f(a)h(binary) e(table)i(column)f(\(e.g.,)k(c)m(hange)e(a)e(column)g(from)g(TF)m(ORMn) g(=)227 4818 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y(the)i(datat)m(yp)s(e)h(of)g(the)f(column.)40 b(The)28 b(length)g(of)h(the)f(returned)f(strings)h(can)g(b)s(e)g(determined)g (with)f(the)i(ftgcdw)0 4797 y(routine.)41 b(The)30 b(follo)m(wing)h (TDISPn)f(displa)m(y)g(formats)h(are)f(curren)m(tly)h(supp)s(orted:)191 5036 y Fe(Iw.m)142 b(Integer)191 5149 y(Ow.m)g(Octal)46 b(integer)191 5262 y(Zw.m)142 b(Hexadecimal)45 b(integer)191 5375 y(Fw.d)142 b(Fixed)46 b(floating)g(point)191 5488 y(Ew.d)142 b(Exponential)45 b(floating)g(point)191 5601 y(Dw.d)142 b(Exponential)45 b(floating)g(point)191 5714 y(Gw.d)142 b(General;)46 b(uses)g(Fw.d)h(if)g(significance)d(not)j (lost,)g(else)f(Ew.d)p eop end %%Page: 61 67 TeXDict begin 61 66 bop 0 299 a Fg(6.7.)72 b(FITS)30 b(ASCI)s(I)f(AND)i(BINAR)-8 b(Y)31 b(T)-8 b(ABLE)31 b(D)m(A)-8 b(T)g(A)32 b(I/O)e(SUBR)m(OUTINES)979 b Fi(61)0 555 y(where)37 b(w)h(is)g(the)g(width)f(in)h(c)m(haracters)h(of)f(the)h(displa)m(y)m (ed)f(v)-5 b(alues,)41 b(m)c(is)h(the)g(minim)m(um)g(n)m(um)m(b)s(er)e (of)i(digits)0 668 y(displa)m(y)m(ed,)31 b(and)f(d)g(is)g(the)h(n)m(um) m(b)s(er)e(of)h(digits)h(to)g(the)g(righ)m(t)g(of)g(the)f(decimal.)42 b(The)30 b(.m)g(\014eld)g(is)g(optional.)0 920 y Fh(1)81 b Fi(Put)30 b(elemen)m(ts)i(in)m(to)g(an)e(ASCI)s(I)f(or)i(binary)f (table)i(column)e(\(in)h(the)g(CDU\).)g(\(The)g(SPP)f(FSPCLS)f(routine) 227 1033 y(has)38 b(an)f(additional)i(in)m(teger)g(argumen)m(t)f(after) h(the)f(V)-10 b(ALUES)37 b(c)m(haracter)i(string)f(whic)m(h)f(sp)s (eci\014es)h(the)227 1145 y(size)31 b(of)g(the)g(1st)g(dimension)e(of)i (this)f(2-D)i(CHAR)e(arra)m(y\).)227 1294 y(The)24 b(alternate)i(v)m (ersion)f(of)g(these)g(routines,)h(whose)e(names)g(end)g(in)g('LL')h (after)g(the)g(datat)m(yp)s(e)g(c)m(haracter,)227 1407 y(supp)s(ort)34 b(large)j(tables)f(with)g(more)f(then)h(2*31)h(ro)m (ws.)57 b(When)35 b(calling)i(these)f(routines,)h(the)f(fro)m(w)g(and) 227 1520 y(felem)31 b(parameters)g(*m)m(ust*)g(b)s(e)f(64-bit)h(in)m (teger*8)i(v)-5 b(ariables,)31 b(instead)g(of)g(normal)f(4-b)m(yte)i (in)m(tegers.)382 1772 y Fe(FTPCL[SLBIJKEDCM]\(unit,c)o(oln)o(um,f)o (row,)o(fel)o(em,n)o(elem)o(ent)o(s,va)o(lues)o(,)42 b(>)47 b(status\))382 1885 y(FTPCL[LBIJKEDCM]LL\(unit,)o(col)o(num,)o (frow)o(,fe)o(lem,)o(nele)o(men)o(ts,v)o(alue)o(s,)41 b(>)48 b(status\))0 2136 y Fh(2)81 b Fi(Put)29 b(elemen)m(ts)i(in)m(to) g(an)f(ASCI)s(I)e(or)i(binary)f(table)i(column)e(\(in)h(the)g(CDU\))g (substituting)g(the)g(appropriate)227 2249 y(FITS)c(n)m(ull)g(v)-5 b(alue)26 b(for)g(an)m(y)h(elemen)m(ts)g(that)g(are)f(equal)h(to)g (NULL)-10 b(V)g(AL.)26 b(F)-8 b(or)27 b(ASCI)s(I)e(T)-8 b(ABLE)26 b(extensions,)227 2362 y(the)31 b(n)m(ull)f(v)-5 b(alue)31 b(de\014ned)e(b)m(y)h(the)g(previous)g(call)i(to)f(FTSNUL)f (will)g(b)s(e)g(substituted;)g(F)-8 b(or)31 b(in)m(teger)h(FITS)227 2475 y(columns,)39 b(in)e(a)h(binary)f(table)h(the)f(n)m(ull)h(v)-5 b(alue)37 b(de\014ned)g(b)m(y)g(the)g(previous)g(call)i(to)f(FTTNUL)f (will)h(b)s(e)227 2588 y(substituted;)28 b(F)-8 b(or)28 b(\015oating)h(p)s(oin)m(t)e(FITS)f(columns)h(a)h(sp)s(ecial)g(IEEE)f (NaN)h(\(Not-a-Num)m(b)s(er\))h(v)-5 b(alue)28 b(will)227 2701 y(b)s(e)i(substituted.)227 2850 y(The)24 b(alternate)i(v)m(ersion) f(of)g(these)g(routines,)h(whose)e(names)g(end)g(in)g('LL')h(after)g (the)g(datat)m(yp)s(e)g(c)m(haracter,)227 2963 y(supp)s(ort)34 b(large)j(tables)f(with)g(more)f(then)h(2*31)h(ro)m(ws.)57 b(When)35 b(calling)i(these)f(routines,)h(the)f(fro)m(w)g(and)227 3075 y(felem)31 b(parameters)g(*m)m(ust*)g(b)s(e)f(64-bit)h(in)m (teger*8)i(v)-5 b(ariables,)31 b(instead)g(of)g(normal)f(4-b)m(yte)i (in)m(tegers.)382 3327 y Fe(FTPCN[SBIJKED]\(unit,coln)o(um,)o(frow)o (,fel)o(em,)o(nele)o(ment)o(s,v)o(alue)o(s,nu)o(llv)o(al)42 b(>)47 b(status\))382 3440 y(FTPCN[SBIJKED]LL\(unit,co)o(lnu)o(m,\(I)o (*8\))41 b(frow,\(I*8\))k(felem,nelements,values,)764 3553 y(nullval)g(>)j(status\))0 3804 y Fh(3)81 b Fi(Put)37 b(bit)h(v)-5 b(alues)38 b(in)m(to)h(a)f(binary)f(b)m(yte)h(\('B'\))i (or)d(bit)h(\('X'\))h(table)g(column)f(\(in)f(the)h(CDU\).)h(LRA)-8 b(Y)38 b(is)g(an)227 3917 y(arra)m(y)c(of)g(logical)h(v)-5 b(alues)34 b(corresp)s(onding)e(to)i(the)g(sequence)f(of)h(bits)f(to)h (b)s(e)f(written.)49 b(If)33 b(LRA)-8 b(Y)34 b(is)f(true)227 4030 y(then)f(the)g(corresp)s(onding)f(bit)h(is)g(set)g(to)h(1,)g (otherwise)f(the)g(bit)g(is)g(set)h(to)g(0.)45 b(Note)34 b(that)e(in)g(the)g(case)h(of)227 4143 y('X')g(columns,)g(FITSIO)e (will)i(write)f(to)h(all)g(8)g(bits)f(of)g(eac)m(h)i(b)m(yte)f(whether) e(they)i(are)g(formally)f(v)-5 b(alid)33 b(or)227 4256 y(not.)46 b(Th)m(us)31 b(if)h(the)g(column)g(is)f(de\014ned)g(as)h ('4X',)i(and)d(one)h(calls)h(FTPCLX)f(with)f(fbit=1)h(and)f(n)m(bit=8,) 227 4369 y(then)j(all)h(8)f(bits)g(will)g(b)s(e)f(written)h(in)m(to)h (the)f(\014rst)g(b)m(yte)g(\(as)h(opp)s(osed)e(to)i(writing)e(the)i (\014rst)e(4)h(bits)g(in)m(to)227 4482 y(the)d(\014rst)f(ro)m(w)g(and)g (then)g(the)h(next)f(4)h(bits)f(in)m(to)i(the)e(next)h(ro)m(w\),)g(ev)m (en)g(though)f(the)h(last)g(4)g(bits)f(of)h(eac)m(h)227 4595 y(b)m(yte)g(are)g(formally)g(not)g(de\014ned.)382 4846 y Fe(FTPCLX\(unit,colnum,frow,)o(fbi)o(t,nb)o(it,l)o(ray)o(,)42 b(>)47 b(status\))0 5098 y Fh(4)81 b Fi(Set)30 b(table)h(elemen)m(ts)h (in)e(a)h(column)f(as)h(unde\014ned)382 5349 y Fe (FTPCLU\(unit,colnum,frow,)o(fel)o(em,n)o(elem)o(ent)o(s,)42 b(>)47 b(status\))0 5601 y Fh(5)81 b Fi(Get)34 b(elemen)m(ts)g(from)f (an)g(ASCI)s(I)f(or)h(binary)g(table)h(column)f(\(in)g(the)g(CDU\).)i (These)e(routines)g(return)f(the)227 5714 y(v)-5 b(alues)30 b(of)g(the)g(table)h(column)f(arra)m(y)g(elemen)m(ts.)42 b(Unde\014ned)28 b(arra)m(y)j(elemen)m(ts)g(will)f(b)s(e)f(returned)g (with)h(a)p eop end %%Page: 62 68 TeXDict begin 62 67 bop 0 299 a Fi(62)1319 b Fg(CHAPTER)29 b(6.)112 b(AD)m(V)-10 b(ANCED)32 b(INTERF)-10 b(A)m(CE)30 b(SUBR)m(OUTINES)227 555 y Fi(v)-5 b(alue)26 b(=)g(n)m(ullv)-5 b(al,)27 b(unless)e(n)m(ullv)-5 b(al)26 b(=)f(0)h(\(or)g(=)f(')h(')g (for)f(ftgcvs\))i(in)e(whic)m(h)g(case)i(no)e(c)m(hec)m(king)j(for)d (unde\014ned)227 668 y(v)-5 b(alues)28 b(will)g(b)s(e)f(p)s(erformed.) 39 b(The)27 b(ANYF)h(parameter)g(is)g(set)g(to)g(true)g(if)g(an)m(y)f (of)h(the)g(returned)f(elemen)m(ts)227 781 y(are)f(unde\014ned.)37 b(\(Note:)i(the)26 b(ftgcl)g(routine)f(simple)g(gets)h(an)g(arra)m(y)f (of)g(logical)j(data)e(v)-5 b(alues)25 b(without)h(an)m(y)227 894 y(c)m(hec)m(ks)39 b(for)e(unde\014ned)e(v)-5 b(alues;)41 b(use)c(the)g(ftgc\015)h(routine)f(to)h(c)m(hec)m(k)g(for)f (unde\014ned)e(logical)40 b(elemen)m(ts\).)227 1007 y(\(The)29 b(SPP)f(FSGCVS)g(routine)g(has)h(an)f(additional)i(in)m(teger)g (argumen)m(t)f(after)g(the)g(V)-10 b(ALUES)28 b(c)m(haracter)227 1120 y(string)j(whic)m(h)f(sp)s(eci\014es)g(the)g(size)i(of)e(the)h (1st)g(dimension)e(of)i(this)f(2-D)i(CHAR)e(arra)m(y\).)227 1272 y(The)24 b(alternate)i(v)m(ersion)f(of)g(these)g(routines,)h (whose)e(names)g(end)g(in)g('LL')h(after)g(the)g(datat)m(yp)s(e)g(c)m (haracter,)227 1385 y(supp)s(ort)34 b(large)j(tables)f(with)g(more)f (then)h(2*31)h(ro)m(ws.)57 b(When)35 b(calling)i(these)f(routines,)h (the)f(fro)m(w)g(and)227 1498 y(felem)31 b(parameters)g(*m)m(ust*)g(b)s (e)f(64-bit)h(in)m(teger*8)i(v)-5 b(ariables,)31 b(instead)g(of)g (normal)f(4-b)m(yte)i(in)m(tegers.)382 1761 y Fe (FTGCL\(unit,colnum,frow,f)o(ele)o(m,ne)o(leme)o(nts)o(,)42 b(>)47 b(values,status\))382 1874 y(FTGCV[SBIJKEDCM]\(unit,co)o(lnu)o (m,fr)o(ow,f)o(ele)o(m,ne)o(leme)o(nts)o(,nul)o(lval)o(,)42 b(>)1098 1987 y(values,anyf,status\))382 2100 y (FTGCV[BIJKEDCM]LL\(unit,c)o(oln)o(um,\()o(I*8\))f(frow,)46 b(\(I*8\))h(felem,)f(nelements,)716 2213 y(nullval,)f(>)j (values,anyf,status\))0 2476 y Fh(6)81 b Fi(Get)44 b(elemen)m(ts)h(and) d(n)m(ull)i(\015ags)f(from)g(an)h(ASCI)s(I)d(or)j(binary)e(table)j (column)e(\(in)g(the)h(CHDU\).)g(These)227 2589 y(routines)29 b(return)e(the)i(v)-5 b(alues)29 b(of)g(the)g(table)h(column)e(arra)m (y)i(elemen)m(ts.)41 b(An)m(y)29 b(unde\014ned)d(arra)m(y)k(elemen)m (ts)227 2702 y(will)37 b(ha)m(v)m(e)h(the)f(corresp)s(onding)f(\015agv) -5 b(als)37 b(elemen)m(t)i(set)e(equal)g(to)h(.TR)m(UE.)f(The)f(ANYF)i (parameter)f(is)227 2815 y(set)30 b(to)g(true)g(if)f(an)m(y)h(of)f(the) h(returned)e(elemen)m(ts)j(are)f(unde\014ned.)38 b(\(The)29 b(SPP)f(FSGCFS)h(routine)h(has)f(an)227 2928 y(additional)e(in)m(teger) h(argumen)m(t)e(after)h(the)f(V)-10 b(ALUES)26 b(c)m(haracter)i(string) e(whic)m(h)f(sp)s(eci\014es)h(the)h(size)f(of)h(the)227 3041 y(1st)k(dimension)f(of)h(this)f(2-D)h(CHAR)g(arra)m(y\).)227 3193 y(The)24 b(alternate)i(v)m(ersion)f(of)g(these)g(routines,)h (whose)e(names)g(end)g(in)g('LL')h(after)g(the)g(datat)m(yp)s(e)g(c)m (haracter,)227 3306 y(supp)s(ort)34 b(large)j(tables)f(with)g(more)f (then)h(2*31)h(ro)m(ws.)57 b(When)35 b(calling)i(these)f(routines,)h (the)f(fro)m(w)g(and)227 3418 y(felem)31 b(parameters)g(*m)m(ust*)g(b)s (e)f(64-bit)h(in)m(teger*8)i(v)-5 b(ariables,)31 b(instead)g(of)g (normal)f(4-b)m(yte)i(in)m(tegers.)382 3682 y Fe (FTGCF[SLBIJKEDCM]\(unit,c)o(oln)o(um,f)o(row,)o(fel)o(em,n)o(elem)o (ent)o(s,)42 b(>)1193 3795 y(values,flagvals,anyf,stat)o(us\))382 3908 y(FTGCF[BIJKED]LL\(unit,col)o(num)o(,)g(\(I*8\))k(frow,)h(\(I*8\)) f(felem,nelements,)d(>)1193 4021 y(values,flagvals,anyf,stat)o(us\))0 4284 y Fh(7)81 b Fi(Get)29 b(an)f(arbitrary)g(data)h(subsection)f(from) g(an)g(N-dimensional)h(arra)m(y)g(in)f(a)g(binary)g(table)h(v)m(ector)h (column.)227 4397 y(Unde\014ned)k(pixels)h(in)g(the)h(arra)m(y)g(will)f (b)s(e)g(set)h(equal)f(to)h(the)g(v)-5 b(alue)36 b(of)f('n)m(ullv)-5 b(al',)38 b(unless)c(n)m(ullv)-5 b(al=0)36 b(in)227 4510 y(whic)m(h)d(case)i(no)e(testing)i(for)e(unde\014ned)e(pixels)j(will)f (b)s(e)g(p)s(erformed.)49 b(The)32 b(\014rst)h(and)g(last)h(ro)m(ws)g (in)f(the)227 4623 y(table)28 b(to)f(b)s(e)f(read)g(are)h(sp)s (eci\014ed)e(b)m(y)i(fpixels\(naxis+1\))g(and)f(lpixels\(naxis+1\),)j (and)d(hence)g(are)h(treated)227 4736 y(as)f(the)f(next)h(higher)f (dimension)g(of)g(the)h(FITS)e(N-dimensional)i(arra)m(y)-8 b(.)40 b(The)25 b(INCS)f(parameter)i(sp)s(eci\014es)227 4848 y(the)31 b(sampling)f(in)m(terv)-5 b(al)32 b(in)e(eac)m(h)h (dimension)f(b)s(et)m(w)m(een)h(the)g(data)g(elemen)m(ts)g(that)g(will) g(b)s(e)f(returned.)382 5112 y Fe(FTGSV[BIJKED]\(unit,colnu)o(m,n)o (axis)o(,nax)o(es,)o(fpix)o(els,)o(lpi)o(xels)o(,inc)o(s,n)o(ullv)o (al,)41 b(>)1002 5225 y(array,anyf,status\))0 5488 y Fh(8)81 b Fi(Get)29 b(an)f(arbitrary)g(data)h(subsection)f(from)g(an)g (N-dimensional)h(arra)m(y)g(in)f(a)g(binary)g(table)h(v)m(ector)h (column.)227 5601 y(An)m(y)39 b(Unde\014ned)e(pixels)i(in)g(the)g(arra) m(y)g(will)g(ha)m(v)m(e)h(the)f(corresp)s(onding)f('\015agv)-5 b(als')40 b(elemen)m(t)g(set)f(equal)227 5714 y(to)d(.TR)m(UE.)f(The)f (\014rst)g(and)g(last)i(ro)m(ws)f(in)f(the)h(table)h(to)f(b)s(e)g(read) f(are)h(sp)s(eci\014ed)f(b)m(y)h(fpixels\(naxis+1\))p eop end %%Page: 63 69 TeXDict begin 63 68 bop 0 299 a Fg(6.7.)72 b(FITS)30 b(ASCI)s(I)f(AND)i(BINAR)-8 b(Y)31 b(T)-8 b(ABLE)31 b(D)m(A)-8 b(T)g(A)32 b(I/O)e(SUBR)m(OUTINES)979 b Fi(63)227 555 y(and)39 b(lpixels\(naxis+1\),)k(and)38 b(hence)i(are)f(treated)i(as)e (the)g(next)h(higher)f(dimension)f(of)i(the)f(FITS)g(N-)227 668 y(dimensional)g(arra)m(y)-8 b(.)66 b(The)38 b(INCS)g(parameter)h (sp)s(eci\014es)f(the)g(sampling)h(in)m(terv)-5 b(al)40 b(in)e(eac)m(h)i(dimension)227 781 y(b)s(et)m(w)m(een)31 b(the)g(data)g(elemen)m(ts)h(that)f(will)f(b)s(e)g(returned.)382 1028 y Fe(FTGSF[BIJKED]\(unit,colnu)o(m,n)o(axis)o(,nax)o(es,)o(fpix)o (els,)o(lpi)o(xels)o(,inc)o(s,)41 b(>)1002 1141 y (array,flagvals,anyf,statu)o(s\))0 1389 y Fh(9)81 b Fi(Get)33 b(bit)g(v)-5 b(alues)34 b(from)e(a)h(b)m(yte)h(\('B'\))g(or)f(bit)g (\(`X`\))h(table)g(column)f(\(in)g(the)g(CDU\).)g(LRA)-8 b(Y)34 b(is)f(an)f(arra)m(y)i(of)227 1502 y(logical)41 b(v)-5 b(alues)39 b(corresp)s(onding)f(to)h(the)g(sequence)f(of)h(bits) g(to)g(b)s(e)f(read.)65 b(If)38 b(LRA)-8 b(Y)39 b(is)f(true)h(then)f (the)227 1615 y(corresp)s(onding)c(bit)g(w)m(as)g(set)h(to)g(1,)h (otherwise)f(the)f(bit)h(w)m(as)f(set)h(to)g(0.)53 b(Note)35 b(that)g(in)f(the)h(case)g(of)f('X')227 1728 y(columns,)41 b(FITSIO)d(will)h(read)f(all)i(8)f(bits)g(of)g(eac)m(h)h(b)m(yte)f (whether)f(they)h(are)g(formally)h(v)-5 b(alid)39 b(or)f(not.)227 1840 y(Th)m(us)c(if)g(the)h(column)f(is)g(de\014ned)f(as)i('4X',)h(and) d(one)i(calls)h(FTGCX)e(with)g(fbit=1)h(and)e(n)m(bit=8,)j(then)227 1953 y(all)30 b(8)g(bits)f(will)g(b)s(e)g(read)g(from)g(the)g(\014rst)f (b)m(yte)i(\(as)g(opp)s(osed)e(to)i(reading)f(the)h(\014rst)e(4)i(bits) f(from)f(the)i(\014rst)227 2066 y(ro)m(w)g(and)e(then)h(the)h(\014rst)e (4)i(bits)f(from)g(the)g(next)g(ro)m(w\),)i(ev)m(en)f(though)f(the)g (last)h(4)g(bits)f(of)g(eac)m(h)i(b)m(yte)f(are)227 2179 y(formally)h(not)g(de\014ned.)382 2427 y Fe(FTGCX\(unit,colnum,frow,f)o (bit)o(,nbi)o(t,)42 b(>)47 b(lray,status\))0 2674 y Fh(10)f Fi(Read)31 b(an)m(y)g(consecutiv)m(e)h(set)f(of)g(bits)g(from)f(an)g ('X')i(or)e('B')i(column)e(and)g(in)m(terpret)h(them)g(as)g(an)f (unsigned)227 2787 y(n-bit)k(in)m(teger.)54 b(NBIT)35 b(m)m(ust)f(b)s(e)f(less)i(than)f(or)g(equal)h(to)g(16)g(when)f (calling)h(FTGCXI,)g(and)f(less)g(than)227 2900 y(or)e(equal)g(to)g(32) g(when)e(calling)j(FTGCXJ;)f(there)f(is)h(no)f(limit)h(on)g(the)f(v)-5 b(alue)32 b(of)g(NBIT)f(for)g(FTGCXD,)227 3013 y(but)38 b(the)h(returned)e(double)i(precision)f(v)-5 b(alue)39 b(only)g(has)f(48)i(bits)e(of)h(precision)g(on)f(most)h(32-bit)h(w)m (ord)227 3126 y(mac)m(hines.)64 b(The)37 b(NBITS)g(bits)h(are)g(in)m (terpreted)g(as)g(an)g(unsigned)e(in)m(teger)k(unless)d(NBITS)g(=)g(16) i(\(in)227 3239 y(FTGCXI\))e(or)g(32)g(\(in)g(FTGCXJ\))f(in)g(whic)m(h) h(case)g(the)g(string)g(of)f(bits)h(are)g(in)m(terpreted)f(as)h(16-bit) h(or)227 3352 y(32-bit)j(2's)f(complemen)m(t)h(signed)e(in)m(tegers.)69 b(If)39 b(NR)m(O)m(WS)i(is)e(greater)i(than)e(1)h(then)f(the)h(same)g 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b(alue)30 b(=)f(-1)h(if)f(the)h(computed)f(c)m (hec)m(ksum)h(is)f(not)h(correct.)382 5701 y Fe(FTVCKS\(unit,)44 b(>)k(dataok,hduok,status\))p eop end %%Page: 68 74 TeXDict begin 68 73 bop 0 299 a Fi(68)1319 b Fg(CHAPTER)29 b(6.)112 b(AD)m(V)-10 b(ANCED)32 b(INTERF)-10 b(A)m(CE)30 b(SUBR)m(OUTINES)0 555 y Fh(4)81 b Fi(Compute)25 b(and)h(return)f(the)i (c)m(hec)m(ksum)g(v)-5 b(alues)26 b(for)g(the)h(CHDU)f(\(as)h(double)f (precision)h(v)-5 b(ariables\))27 b(without)227 668 y(creating)46 b(or)e(mo)s(difying)g(the)h(CHECKSUM)e(and)h(D)m(A)-8 b(T)g(ASUM)46 b(k)m(eyw)m(ords.)83 b(This)44 b(routine)g(is)h(used)227 781 y(in)m(ternally)32 b(b)m(y)e(FTV)m(CKS,)g(but)g(ma)m(y)h(b)s(e)e (useful)h(in)g(other)h(situations)g(as)f(w)m(ell.)382 1050 y Fe(FTGCKS\(unit,)44 b(>)k(datasum,hdusum,status\))0 1319 y Fh(5)81 b Fi(Enco)s(de)33 b(a)h(c)m(hec)m(ksum)h(v)-5 b(alue)34 b(\(stored)g(in)g(a)g(double)g(precision)g(v)-5 b(ariable\))35 b(in)m(to)f(a)h(16-c)m(haracter)h(string.)51 b(If)227 1432 y(COMPLEMENT)30 b(=)g(.true.)41 b(then)30 b(the)g(32-bit)i(sum)d(v)-5 b(alue)31 b(will)g(b)s(e)f(complemen)m(ted) h(b)s(efore)f(enco)s(ding.)382 1701 y Fe(FTESUM\(sum,complement,)42 b(>)47 b(checksum\))0 1971 y Fh(6)81 b Fi(Deco)s(de)39 b(a)f(16)h(c)m(haracter)h(c)m(hec)m(ksum)e(string)g(in)m(to)h(a)g (double)e(precision)h(v)-5 b(alue.)65 b(If)37 b(COMPLEMENT)g(=)227 2083 y(.true.)k(then)30 b(the)h(32-bit)g(sum)f(v)-5 b(alue)31 b(will)f(b)s(e)g(complemen)m(ted)i(after)e(deco)s(ding.)382 2353 y Fe(FTDSUM\(checksum,compleme)o(nt,)41 b(>)48 b(sum\))0 2697 y Fd(6.11)180 b(Date)46 b(and)f(Time)g(Utilit)l(y)i(Routines)0 2950 y Fi(The)29 b(follo)m(wing)i(routines)f(help)f(to)i(construct)f (or)f(parse)h(the)g(FITS)f(date/time)i(strings.)41 b(Starting)30 b(in)f(the)h(y)m(ear)0 3063 y(2000,)k(the)d(FITS)g(D)m(A)-8 b(TE)32 b(k)m(eyw)m(ord)g(v)-5 b(alues)31 b(\(and)h(the)f(v)-5 b(alues)32 b(of)f(other)h(`D)m(A)-8 b(TE-')33 b(k)m(eyw)m(ords\))f(m)m (ust)f(ha)m(v)m(e)i(the)0 3176 y(form)j('YYYY-MM-DD')k(\(date)e(only\)) f(or)g('YYYY-MM-DDThh:mm:ss.ddd...')61 b(\(date)38 b(and)e(time\))h (where)0 3288 y(the)30 b(n)m(um)m(b)s(er)f(of)i(decimal)g(places)g(in)f (the)g(seconds)g(v)-5 b(alue)31 b(is)f(optional.)42 b(These)30 b(times)h(are)f(in)g(UTC.)g(The)g(older)0 3401 y('dd/mm/yy')g(date)h (format)g(ma)m(y)g(not)g(b)s(e)e(used)h(for)g(dates)h(after)g(01)g(Jan) m(uary)f(2000.)0 3670 y Fh(1)81 b Fi(Get)31 b(the)g(curren)m(t)f (system)g(date.)42 b(The)29 b(returned)h(y)m(ear)h(has)f(4)h(digits)g (\(1999,)h(2000,)h(etc.\))382 3940 y Fe(FTGSDT\()46 b(>)h(day,)g (month,)f(year,)g(status)g(\))0 4209 y Fh(2)81 b Fi(Get)34 b(the)g(curren)m(t)g(system)f(date)i(and)e(time)h(string)g (\('YYYY-MM-DDThh:mm:ss'\).)53 b(The)33 b(time)i(will)f(b)s(e)227 4322 y(in)26 b(UTC/GMT)g(if)g(a)m(v)-5 b(ailable,)29 b(as)e(indicated)f(b)m(y)g(a)g(returned)f(timeref)h(v)-5 b(alue)27 b(=)e(0.)40 b(If)26 b(the)g(returned)e(v)-5 b(alue)227 4435 y(of)31 b(timeref)g(=)g(1)g(then)f(this)h(indicates)g (that)h(it)f(w)m(as)g(not)g(p)s(ossible)f(to)h(con)m(v)m(ert)i(the)d (lo)s(cal)i(time)g(to)f(UTC,)227 4547 y(and)f(th)m(us)g(the)h(lo)s(cal) g(time)g(w)m(as)g(returned.)382 4817 y Fe(FTGSTM\(>)45 b(datestr,)h(timeref,)f(status\))0 5086 y Fh(3)81 b Fi(Construct)26 b(a)i(date)g(string)f(from)g(the)g(input)f(date)i(v)-5 b(alues.)40 b(If)27 b(the)g(y)m(ear)h(is)g(b)s(et)m(w)m(een)f(1900)i (and)e(1998,)j(inclu-)227 5199 y(siv)m(e,)38 b(then)c(the)i(returned)d (date)j(string)f(will)g(ha)m(v)m(e)i(the)e(old)g(FITS)f(format)i (\('dd/mm/yy'\),)h(otherwise)227 5312 y(the)32 b(date)g(string)f(will)g (ha)m(v)m(e)i(the)e(new)g(FITS)g(format)g(\('YYYY-MM-DD'\).)36 b(Use)c(FTTM2S)f(instead)g(to)227 5425 y(alw)m(a)m(ys)h(return)d(a)i (date)g(string)g(using)e(the)i(new)f(FITS)g(format.)382 5694 y Fe(FTDT2S\()46 b(year,)g(month,)g(day,)h(>)g(datestr,)f (status\))p eop end %%Page: 69 75 TeXDict begin 69 74 bop 0 299 a Fg(6.12.)73 b(GENERAL)30 b(UTILITY)g(SUBR)m(OUTINES)1979 b Fi(69)0 555 y Fh(4)81 b Fi(Construct)34 b(a)i(new-format)f(date)h(+)f(time)h(string)f (\('YYYY-MM-DDThh:mm:ss.ddd...'\).)57 b(If)34 b(the)i(y)m(ear,)227 668 y(mon)m(th,)d(and)e(da)m(y)h(v)-5 b(alues)32 b(all)h(=)e(0)h(then)g (only)g(the)g(time)g(is)g(enco)s(ded)f(with)h(format)g ('hh:mm:ss.ddd...'.)227 781 y(The)j(decimals)h(parameter)g(sp)s (eci\014es)e(ho)m(w)i(man)m(y)f(decimal)h(places)g(of)f(fractional)i (seconds)e(to)h(include)227 894 y(in)30 b(the)h(string.)41 b(If)29 b(`decimals')j(is)f(negativ)m(e,)h(then)f(only)f(the)h(date)g (will)f(b)s(e)g(return)f(\('YYYY-MM-DD'\).)382 1154 y Fe(FTTM2S\()46 b(year,)g(month,)g(day,)h(hour,)f(minute,)g(second,)g (decimals,)764 1267 y(>)h(datestr,)f(status\))0 1527 y Fh(5)81 b Fi(Return)44 b(the)g(date)i(as)f(read)f(from)h(the)g(input) e(string,)49 b(where)44 b(the)h(string)g(ma)m(y)g(b)s(e)f(in)h(either)g (the)g(old)227 1640 y(\('dd/mm/yy'\))31 b(or)g(new)e (\('YYYY-MM-DDThh:mm:ss')k(or)d('YYYY-MM-DD'\))k(FITS)c(format.)382 1900 y Fe(FTS2DT\(datestr,)43 b(>)48 b(year,)e(month,)g(day,)h (status\))0 2160 y Fh(6)81 b Fi(Return)30 b(the)h(date)h(and)f(time)h (as)f(read)g(from)g(the)h(input)e(string,)h(where)g(the)h(string)f(ma)m (y)h(b)s(e)e(in)h(either)h(the)227 2273 y(old)d(or)f(new)g(FITS)g (format.)40 b(The)28 b(returned)f(hours,)h(min)m(utes,)h(and)f(seconds) g(v)-5 b(alues)29 b(will)f(b)s(e)g(set)h(to)g(zero)227 2386 y(if)k(the)h(input)e(string)h(do)s(es)g(not)h(include)f(the)g (time)h(\('dd/mm/yy')f(or)h('YYYY-MM-DD'\))j(.)c(Similarly)-8 b(,)227 2499 y(the)36 b(returned)e(y)m(ear,)j(mon)m(th,)g(and)d(date)i (v)-5 b(alues)36 b(will)f(b)s(e)g(set)h(to)g(zero)g(if)f(the)g(date)h (is)f(not)h(included)e(in)227 2612 y(the)d(input)e(string)i (\('hh:mm:ss.ddd...'\).)382 2872 y Fe(FTS2TM\(datestr,)43 b(>)48 b(year,)e(month,)g(day,)h(hour,)f(minute,)g(second,)g(status\))0 3206 y Fd(6.12)136 b(General)45 b(Utilit)l(y)i(Subroutines)0 3456 y Fi(The)30 b(follo)m(wing)i(utilit)m(y)f(subroutines)f(ma)m(y)h (b)s(e)e(useful)h(for)g(certain)h(applications:)0 3716 y Fh(1)81 b Fi(Return)29 b(the)i(starting)g(b)m(yte)g(address)e(of)i (the)f(CHDU)h(and)f(the)h(next)f(HDU.)382 3976 y Fe(FTGHAD\(iunit,)44 b(>)j(curaddr,)f(nextaddr\))0 4236 y Fh(2)81 b Fi(Con)m(v)m(ert)31 b(a)g(c)m(haracter)h(string)e(to)h(upp)s(ercase)e(\(op)s(erates)j(in)e (place\).)382 4496 y Fe(FTUPCH\(string\))0 4756 y Fh(3)81 b Fi(Compare)43 b(the)i(input)e(template)i(string)f(against)h(the)g (reference)f(string)g(to)h(see)g(if)f(they)g(matc)m(h.)82 b(The)227 4869 y(template)36 b(string)f(ma)m(y)g(con)m(tain)g(wildcard) f(c)m(haracters:)51 b('*')35 b(will)g(matc)m(h)g(an)m(y)g(sequence)g (of)f(c)m(haracters)227 4982 y(\(including)j(zero)h(c)m(haracters\))g (and)e(')10 b(?')60 b(will)38 b(matc)m(h)f(an)m(y)g(single)h(c)m (haracter)g(in)f(the)g(reference)g(string.)227 5095 y(The)31 b('#')g(c)m(haracter)i(will)f(matc)m(h)g(an)m(y)f(consecutiv)m(e)j (string)d(of)g(decimal)h(digits)g(\(0)g(-)g(9\).)43 b(If)31 b(CASESN)f(=)227 5208 y(.true.)45 b(then)31 b(the)g(matc)m(h)i(will)f (b)s(e)f(case)h(sensitiv)m(e.)46 b(The)31 b(returned)f(MA)-8 b(TCH)32 b(parameter)g(will)g(b)s(e)f(.true.)227 5321 y(if)j(the)h(2)f(strings)g(matc)m(h,)j(and)c(EXA)m(CT)h(will)h(b)s(e)e (.true.)53 b(if)34 b(the)g(matc)m(h)h(is)g(exact)g(\(i.e.,)i(if)d(no)g (wildcard)227 5434 y(c)m(haracters)e(w)m(ere)f(used)f(in)g(the)g(matc)m (h\).)42 b(Both)31 b(strings)f(m)m(ust)h(b)s(e)e(68)j(c)m(haracters)f (or)g(less)f(in)g(length.)382 5694 y Fe(FTCMPS\(str_template,)42 b(string,)k(casesen,)f(>)j(match,)e(exact\))p eop end %%Page: 70 76 TeXDict begin 70 75 bop 0 299 a Fi(70)1319 b Fg(CHAPTER)29 b(6.)112 b(AD)m(V)-10 b(ANCED)32 b(INTERF)-10 b(A)m(CE)30 b(SUBR)m(OUTINES)0 555 y Fh(4)81 b Fi(T)-8 b(est)31 b(that)g(the)f(k)m (eyw)m(ord)h(name)f(con)m(tains)i(only)e(legal)j(c)m(haracters:)42 b(A-Z,0-9,)32 b(h)m(yphen,)d(and)h(underscore.)382 820 y Fe(FTTKEY\(keyword,)43 b(>)48 b(status\))0 1085 y Fh(5)81 b Fi(T)-8 b(est)31 b(that)g(the)f(k)m(eyw)m(ord)h(record)f(con)m(tains) i(only)e(legal)i(prin)m(table)f(ASCI)s(I)e(c)m(haracters)382 1350 y Fe(FTTREC\(card,)44 b(>)k(status\))0 1615 y Fh(6)81 b Fi(T)-8 b(est)25 b(whether)f(the)h(curren)m(t)f(header)h(con)m(tains) g(an)m(y)g(NULL)g(\(ASCI)s(I)e(0\))j(c)m(haracters.)40 b(These)24 b(c)m(haracters)j(are)227 1728 y(illegal)37 b(in)d(the)h(header,)g(but)f(they)g(will)h(go)g(undetected)g(b)m(y)f (most)h(of)g(the)f(CFITSIO)f(k)m(eyw)m(ord)i(header)227 1841 y(routines,)29 b(b)s(ecause)f(the)h(n)m(ull)f(is)g(in)m(terpreted) g(as)h(the)f(normal)g(end-of-string)h(terminator.)41 b(This)27 b(routine)227 1954 y(returns)h(the)g(p)s(osition)h(of)g(the)g (\014rst)f(n)m(ull)g(c)m(haracter)i(in)f(the)f(header,)h(or)g(zero)g (if)g(there)g(are)g(no)f(n)m(ulls.)40 b(F)-8 b(or)227 2067 y(example)37 b(a)f(returned)f(v)-5 b(alue)37 b(of)f(110)h(w)m (ould)f(indicate)h(that)g(the)f(\014rst)f(NULL)h(is)g(lo)s(cated)h(in)f (the)g(30th)227 2180 y(c)m(haracter)28 b(of)f(the)g(second)f(k)m(eyw)m (ord)h(in)f(the)h(header)f(\(recall)i(that)f(eac)m(h)h(header)e(record) h(is)f(80)h(c)m(haracters)227 2293 y(long\).)56 b(Note)36 b(that)g(this)f(is)g(one)g(of)g(the)g(few)g(FITSIO)f(routines)h(in)f (whic)m(h)h(the)g(returned)f(v)-5 b(alue)36 b(is)f(not)227 2406 y(necessarily)d(equal)e(to)i(the)e(status)h(v)-5 b(alue\).)382 2671 y Fe(FTNCHK\(unit,)44 b(>)k(status\))0 2935 y Fh(7)81 b Fi(P)m(arse)27 b(a)f(header)h(k)m(eyw)m(ord)g(record)f (and)g(return)f(the)i(name)f(of)h(the)f(k)m(eyw)m(ord)h(and)f(the)h (length)f(of)h(the)g(name.)227 3048 y(The)34 b(k)m(eyw)m(ord)h(name)f (normally)h(o)s(ccupies)f(the)h(\014rst)e(8)i(c)m(haracters)g(of)g(the) f(record,)i(except)f(under)e(the)227 3161 y(HIERAR)m(CH)e(con)m(v)m(en) m(tion)h(where)e(the)h(name)f(can)h(b)s(e)f(up)f(to)i(70)g(c)m (haracters)h(in)e(length.)382 3426 y Fe(FTGKNM\(card,)44 b(>)k(keyname,)d(keylength,)g(staThe)h('\\#')h(character)e(will)i (match)f(any)h(consecutive)e(string)191 3539 y(of)i(decimal)f(digits)g (\(0)h(-)h(9\).)f(tus\))0 3804 y Fh(8)81 b Fi(P)m(arse)34 b(a)h(header)f(k)m(eyw)m(ord)h(record.)52 b(This)33 b(subroutine)g (parses)h(the)g(input)g(header)g(record)g(to)h(return)e(the)227 3917 y(v)-5 b(alue)27 b(\(as)g(a)g(c)m(haracter)g(string\))g(and)f (commen)m(t)h(strings.)39 b(If)26 b(the)g(k)m(eyw)m(ord)h(has)f(no)g(v) -5 b(alue)27 b(\(columns)f(9-10)227 4030 y(not)h(equal)f(to)h('=)f ('\),)i(then)e(the)g(v)-5 b(alue)27 b(string)f(is)g(returned)f(blank)h (and)f(the)h(commen)m(t)i(string)e(is)g(set)g(equal)227 4143 y(to)31 b(column)g(9)f(-)h(80)g(of)g(the)f(input)g(string.)382 4408 y Fe(FTPSVC\(card,)44 b(>)k(value,comment,status\))0 4673 y Fh(9)81 b Fi(Construct)35 b(a)i(sequence)f(k)m(eyw)m(ord)h(name) f(\(R)m(OOT)g(+)g(nnn\).)57 b(This)35 b(subroutine)g(app)s(ends)f(the)j (sequence)227 4786 y(n)m(um)m(b)s(er)29 b(to)i(the)g(ro)s(ot)g(string)f (to)h(create)h(a)f(k)m(eyw)m(ord)g(name)f(\(e.g.,)i('NAXIS')f(+)f(2)h (=)f('NAXIS2'\))382 5051 y Fe(FTKEYN\(keyroot,seq_no,)42 b(>)47 b(keyword,status\))0 5316 y Fh(10)f Fi(Construct)30 b(a)g(sequence)g(k)m(eyw)m(ord)h(name)f(\(n)f(+)h(R)m(OOT\).)g(This)f (subroutine)g(concatenates)j(the)f(sequence)227 5429 y(n)m(um)m(b)s(er)20 b(to)j(the)e(fron)m(t)h(of)g(the)f(ro)s(ot)h (string)g(to)g(create)h(a)f(k)m(eyw)m(ord)g(name)g(\(e.g.,)j(1)d(+)f ('CTYP')g(=)g('1CTYP'\))382 5694 y Fe(FTNKEY\(seq_no,keyroot,)42 b(>)47 b(keyword,status\))p eop end %%Page: 71 77 TeXDict begin 71 76 bop 0 299 a Fg(6.12.)73 b(GENERAL)30 b(UTILITY)g(SUBR)m(OUTINES)1979 b Fi(71)0 555 y Fh(11)46 b Fi(Determine)35 b(the)f(datat)m(yp)s(e)g(of)g(a)g(k)m(eyw)m(ord)h(v) -5 b(alue)34 b(string.)50 b(This)33 b(subroutine)g(parses)g(the)h(k)m (eyw)m(ord)g(v)-5 b(alue)227 668 y(string)31 b(\(usually)f(columns)g (11-30)j(of)d(the)h(header)f(record\))g(to)i(determine)e(its)h(datat)m (yp)s(e.)382 936 y Fe(FTDTYP\(value,)44 b(>)j(dtype,status\))0 1204 y Fh(11)f Fi(Return)c(the)i(class)g(of)f(input)f(header)h(record.) 79 b(The)43 b(record)g(is)g(classi\014ed)g(in)m(to)h(one)g(of)f(the)g (follo)m(wing)227 1317 y(categories)36 b(\(the)e(class)f(v)-5 b(alues)34 b(are)f(de\014ned)f(in)h(\014tsio.h\).)49 b(Note)35 b(that)e(this)g(is)g(one)h(of)f(the)g(few)g(FITSIO)227 1430 y(routines)e(that)f(do)s(es)h(not)f(return)f(a)i(status)g(v)-5 b(alue.)334 1697 y Fe(Class)94 b(Value)619 b(Keywords)95 1810 y(TYP_STRUC_KEY)92 b(10)j(SIMPLE,)46 b(BITPIX,)g(NAXIS,)g(NAXISn,) g(EXTEND,)g(BLOCKED,)1002 1923 y(GROUPS,)g(PCOUNT,)g(GCOUNT,)g(END)1002 2036 y(XTENSION,)g(TFIELDS,)f(TTYPEn,)h(TBCOLn,)g(TFORMn,)g(THEAP,)1002 2149 y(and)h(the)g(first)f(4)i(COMMENT)e(keywords)f(in)i(the)g(primary) f(array)1002 2262 y(that)h(define)f(the)h(FITS)g(format.)95 2375 y(TYP_CMPRS_KEY)92 b(20)j(The)47 b(experimental)e(keywords)g(used) i(in)g(the)g(compressed)1002 2488 y(image)g(format)f(ZIMAGE,)g (ZCMPTYPE,)f(ZNAMEn,)h(ZVALn,)1002 2601 y(ZTILEn,)g(ZBITPIX,)g (ZNAXISn,)f(ZSCALE,)h(ZZERO,)g(ZBLANK)95 2714 y(TYP_SCAL_KEY)140 b(30)95 b(BSCALE,)46 b(BZERO,)g(TSCALn,)g(TZEROn)95 2826 y(TYP_NULL_KEY)140 b(40)95 b(BLANK,)46 b(TNULLn)95 2939 y(TYP_DIM_KEY)188 b(50)95 b(TDIMn)95 3052 y(TYP_RANG_KEY)140 b(60)95 b(TLMINn,)46 b(TLMAXn,)g(TDMINn,)g(TDMAXn,)g(DATAMIN,)f (DATAMAX)95 3165 y(TYP_UNIT_KEY)140 b(70)95 b(BUNIT,)46 b(TUNITn)95 3278 y(TYP_DISP_KEY)140 b(80)95 b(TDISPn)95 3391 y(TYP_HDUID_KEY)d(90)j(EXTNAME,)46 b(EXTVER,)g(EXTLEVEL,)f (HDUNAME,)g(HDUVER,)h(HDULEVEL)95 3504 y(TYP_CKSUM_KEY)f(100)94 b(CHECKSUM,)46 b(DATASUM)95 3617 y(TYP_WCS_KEY)141 b(110)94 b(CTYPEn,)46 b(CUNITn,)g(CRVALn,)g(CRPIXn,)g(CROTAn,)f(CDELTn)1002 3730 y(CDj_is,)h(PVj_ms,)g(LONPOLEs,)f(LATPOLEs)1002 3843 y(TCTYPn,)h(TCTYns,)g(TCUNIn,)g(TCUNns,)g(TCRVLn,)f(TCRVns,)h (TCRPXn,)1002 3956 y(TCRPks,)g(TCDn_k,)g(TCn_ks,)g(TPVn_m,)g(TPn_ms,)f (TCDLTn,)h(TCROTn)1002 4068 y(jCTYPn,)g(jCTYns,)g(jCUNIn,)g(jCUNns,)g (jCRVLn,)f(jCRVns,)h(iCRPXn,)1002 4181 y(iCRPns,)g(jiCDn,)94 b(jiCDns,)46 b(jPVn_m,)g(jPn_ms,)f(jCDLTn,)h(jCROTn)1002 4294 y(\(i,j,m,n)g(are)h(integers,)e(s)i(is)h(any)f(letter\))95 4407 y(TYP_REFSYS_KEY)d(120)j(EQUINOXs,)f(EPOCH,)g(MJD-OBSs,)f (RADECSYS,)g(RADESYSs)95 4520 y(TYP_COMM_KEY)140 b(130)47 b(COMMENT,)f(HISTORY,)f(\(blank)h(keyword\))95 4633 y(TYP_CONT_KEY)140 b(140)47 b(CONTINUE)95 4746 y(TYP_USER_KEY)140 b(150)47 b(all)g(other)g(keywords)430 4972 y(class)f(=)h(FTGKCL)f(\(char)h (*card\))0 5240 y Fh(12)f Fi(P)m(arse)f(the)g('TF)m(ORM')h(binary)e (table)i(column)e(format)h(string.)84 b(This)44 b(subroutine)g(parses)g (the)h(input)227 5352 y(TF)m(ORM)27 b(c)m(haracter)g(string)f(and)g (returns)f(the)h(in)m(teger)h(datat)m(yp)s(e)g(co)s(de,)h(the)e(rep)s (eat)g(coun)m(t)h(of)f(the)g(\014eld,)227 5465 y(and,)f(in)e(the)h (case)g(of)g(c)m(haracter)h(string)e(\014elds,)i(the)e(length)h(of)g (the)g(unit)f(string.)38 b(The)23 b(follo)m(wing)i(datat)m(yp)s(e)227 5578 y(co)s(des)e(are)h(returned)e(\(the)h(negativ)m(e)i(of)f(the)f(v) -5 b(alue)23 b(is)g(returned)f(if)h(the)g(column)g(con)m(tains)h(v)-5 b(ariable-length)227 5691 y(arra)m(ys\):)p eop end %%Page: 72 78 TeXDict begin 72 77 bop 0 299 a Fi(72)1319 b Fg(CHAPTER)29 b(6.)112 b(AD)m(V)-10 b(ANCED)32 b(INTERF)-10 b(A)m(CE)30 b(SUBR)m(OUTINES)764 555 y Fe(Datatype)761 b(DATACODE)46 b(value)764 668 y(bit,)g(X)907 b(1)764 781 y(byte,)46 b(B)811 b(11)764 894 y(logical,)45 b(L)668 b(14)764 1007 y(ASCII)46 b(character,)f(A)286 b(16)764 1120 y(short)46 b(integer,)g(I)381 b(21)764 1233 y(integer,)45 b(J)668 b(41)764 1346 y(real,)46 b(E)811 b(42)764 1458 y(double)46 b(precision,)f(D)238 b(82)764 1571 y(complex)809 b(83)764 1684 y(double)46 b(complex)475 b(163)382 1910 y(FTBNFM\(tform,)44 b(>)j(datacode,repeat,width,stat)o(us\))0 2147 y Fh(13)f Fi(P)m(arse)38 b(the)f('TF)m(ORM')h(k)m(eyw)m(ord)g(v)-5 b(alue)37 b(that)h(de\014nes)e(the)h(column)g(format)h(in)e(an)h(ASCI)s (I)f(table.)62 b(This)227 2260 y(routine)31 b(parses)g(the)g(input)g (TF)m(ORM)g(c)m(haracter)i(string)e(and)f(returns)g(the)i(datat)m(yp)s (e)g(co)s(de,)f(the)h(width)227 2373 y(of)40 b(the)h(column,)h(and)e (\(if)g(it)g(is)h(a)f(\015oating)h(p)s(oin)m(t)f(column\))g(the)g(n)m (um)m(b)s(er)f(of)h(decimal)h(places)g(to)g(the)227 2486 y(righ)m(t)28 b(of)g(the)f(decimal)h(p)s(oin)m(t.)40 b(The)27 b(returned)f(datat)m(yp)s(e)i(co)s(des)f(are)h(the)g(same)f (as)h(for)f(the)g(binary)g(table,)227 2599 y(listed)41 b(ab)s(o)m(v)m(e,)j(with)c(the)g(follo)m(wing)i(additional)f(rules:)60 b(in)m(teger)42 b(columns)e(that)g(are)h(b)s(et)m(w)m(een)g(1)g(and)227 2712 y(4)36 b(c)m(haracters)i(wide)d(are)i(de\014ned)d(to)j(b)s(e)e (short)h(in)m(tegers)h(\(co)s(de)f(=)g(21\).)58 b(Wider)36 b(in)m(teger)h(columns)f(are)227 2825 y(de\014ned)j(to)i(b)s(e)e (regular)h(in)m(tegers)i(\(co)s(de)e(=)g(41\).)71 b(Similarly)-8 b(,)43 b(Fixed)d(decimal)h(p)s(oin)m(t)f(columns)g(\(with)227 2937 y(TF)m(ORM)30 b(=)g('Fw.d'\))g(are)g(de\014ned)f(to)h(b)s(e)g (single)g(precision)g(reals)g(\(co)s(de)h(=)e(42\))i(if)f(w)f(is)h(b)s (et)m(w)m(een)g(1)h(and)227 3050 y(7)i(c)m(haracters)h(wide,)f (inclusiv)m(e.)47 b(Wider)32 b('F')h(columns)f(will)h(return)e(a)i (double)f(precision)g(data)h(co)s(de)g(\(=)227 3163 y(82\).)54 b('Ew.d')34 b(format)g(columns)g(will)h(ha)m(v)m(e)g(dataco)s(de)g(=)f (42,)j(and)c('Dw.d')i(format)f(columns)g(will)h(ha)m(v)m(e)227 3276 y(dataco)s(de)d(=)e(82.)382 3513 y Fe(FTASFM\(tform,)44 b(>)j(datacode,width,decimals,st)o(atus)o(\))0 3750 y Fh(14)f Fi(Calculate)32 b(the)f(starting)g(column)g(p)s(ositions)f(and) g(total)i(ASCI)s(I)d(table)j(width)d(based)i(on)f(the)h(input)e(arra)m (y)227 3863 y(of)e(ASCI)s(I)e(table)i(TF)m(ORM)g(v)-5 b(alues.)40 b(The)26 b(SP)-8 b(A)m(CE)27 b(input)e(parameter)i (de\014nes)f(ho)m(w)h(man)m(y)f(blank)h(spaces)227 3976 y(to)40 b(lea)m(v)m(e)i(b)s(et)m(w)m(een)e(eac)m(h)g(column)g(\(it)g (is)f(recommended)g(to)h(ha)m(v)m(e)h(one)e(space)h(b)s(et)m(w)m(een)g (columns)f(for)227 4089 y(b)s(etter)31 b(h)m(uman)e(readabilit)m(y\).) 382 4326 y Fe(FTGABC\(tfields,tform,spa)o(ce,)41 b(>)48 b(rowlen,tbcol,status\))0 4563 y Fh(15)e Fi(P)m(arse)36 b(a)f(template)h(string)f(and)g(return)f(a)h(formatted)h(80-c)m (haracter)h(string)e(suitable)h(for)f(app)s(ending)e(to)227 4675 y(\(or)40 b(deleting)h(from\))e(a)h(FITS)f(header)h(\014le.)68 b(This)39 b(subroutine)f(is)i(useful)f(for)g(parsing)g(lines)h(from)f (an)227 4788 y(ASCI)s(I)34 b(template)j(\014le)f(and)e(reformatting)j (them)e(in)m(to)i(legal)g(FITS)d(header)i(records.)55 b(The)35 b(formatted)227 4901 y(string)c(ma)m(y)g(then)f(b)s(e)g (passed)g(to)i(the)e(FTPREC,)h(FTMCRD,)g(or)f(FTDKEY)h(subroutines)e (to)j(app)s(end)227 5014 y(or)f(mo)s(dify)e(a)i(FITS)f(header)g (record.)382 5251 y Fe(FTGTHD\(template,)43 b(>)48 b (card,hdtype,status\))0 5488 y Fi(The)23 b(input)h(TEMPLA)-8 b(TE)23 b(c)m(haracter)j(string)e(generally)h(should)e(con)m(tain)i(3)g (tok)m(ens:)38 b(\(1\))25 b(the)f(KEYNAME,)h(\(2\))0 5601 y(the)h(V)-10 b(ALUE,)26 b(and)f(\(3\))i(the)f(COMMENT)g(string.) 39 b(The)25 b(TEMPLA)-8 b(TE)26 b(string)g(m)m(ust)f(adhere)h(to)g(the) g(follo)m(wing)0 5714 y(format:)p eop end %%Page: 73 79 TeXDict begin 73 78 bop 0 299 a Fg(6.12.)73 b(GENERAL)30 b(UTILITY)g(SUBR)m(OUTINES)1979 b Fi(73)0 555 y Fh(-)80 b Fi(The)24 b(KEYNAME)g(tok)m(en)h(m)m(ust)e(b)s(egin)h(in)f(columns)h (1-8)h(and)e(b)s(e)h(a)g(maxim)m(um)g(of)g(8)g(c)m(haracters)h(long.)39 b(If)24 b(the)227 668 y(\014rst)32 b(8)h(c)m(haracters)h(of)e(the)h (template)h(line)e(are)h(blank)f(then)g(the)h(remainder)f(of)g(the)h (line)g(is)f(considered)227 781 y(to)42 b(b)s(e)e(a)h(FITS)f(commen)m (t)h(\(with)g(a)g(blank)f(k)m(eyw)m(ord)h(name\).)72 b(A)41 b(legal)i(FITS)d(k)m(eyw)m(ord)h(name)f(ma)m(y)227 894 y(only)35 b(con)m(tain)i(the)e(c)m(haracters)h(A-Z,)f(0-9,)j(and)c ('-')i(\(min)m(us)f(sign\))g(and)f(underscore.)54 b(This)34 b(subroutine)227 1007 y(will)42 b(automatically)i(con)m(v)m(ert)f(an)m (y)f(lo)m(w)m(ercase)i(c)m(haracters)e(to)h(upp)s(ercase)d(in)h(the)h (output)f(string.)73 b(If)227 1120 y(KEYNAME)33 b(=)f('COMMENT')h(or)g ('HISTOR)-8 b(Y')32 b(then)h(the)f(remainder)g(of)h(the)g(line)g(is)g (considered)f(to)227 1233 y(b)s(e)e(a)h(FITS)e(COMMENT)h(or)h(HISTOR)-8 b(Y)30 b(record,)g(resp)s(ectiv)m(ely)-8 b(.)0 1490 y Fh(-)80 b Fi(The)26 b(V)-10 b(ALUE)26 b(tok)m(en)h(m)m(ust)e(b)s(e)h (separated)g(from)f(the)i(KEYNAME)f(tok)m(en)h(b)m(y)f(one)g(or)g(more) g(spaces)g(and/or)227 1603 y(an)i('=')g(c)m(haracter.)41 b(The)27 b(datat)m(yp)s(e)i(of)f(the)g(V)-10 b(ALUE)27 b(tok)m(en)i(\(n)m(umeric,)g(logical,)i(or)d(c)m(haracter)h(string\))f (is)227 1716 y(automatically)35 b(determined)c(and)h(the)g(output)f (CARD)h(string)g(is)g(formatted)g(accordingly)-8 b(.)47 b(The)31 b(v)-5 b(alue)227 1829 y(tok)m(en)34 b(ma)m(y)f(b)s(e)f (forced)g(to)i(b)s(e)e(in)m(terpreted)g(as)h(a)g(string)g(\(e.g.)48 b(if)33 b(it)g(is)f(a)h(string)g(of)f(n)m(umeric)h(digits\))g(b)m(y)227 1942 y(enclosing)g(it)f(in)f(single)h(quotes.)45 b(If)31 b(the)h(v)-5 b(alue)32 b(tok)m(en)g(is)g(a)g(c)m(haracter)h(string)e (that)i(con)m(tains)f(1)g(or)g(more)227 2055 y(em)m(b)s(edded)39 b(blank)g(space)h(c)m(haracters)h(or)e(slash)h(\('/'\))h(c)m(haracters) g(then)e(the)g(en)m(tire)i(c)m(haracter)g(string)227 2168 y(m)m(ust)31 b(b)s(e)e(enclosed)i(in)f(single)h(quotes.)0 2425 y Fh(-)80 b Fi(The)28 b(COMMENT)g(tok)m(en)h(is)f(optional,)i(but) e(if)g(presen)m(t)g(m)m(ust)g(b)s(e)g(separated)g(from)g(the)h(V)-10 b(ALUE)28 b(tok)m(en)h(b)m(y)227 2538 y(a)i(blank)f(space)h(or)f(a)h ('/')g(c)m(haracter.)0 2796 y Fh(-)80 b Fi(One)32 b(exception)i(to)f (the)g(ab)s(o)m(v)m(e)h(rules)e(is)g(that)h(if)g(the)f(\014rst)g (non-blank)g(c)m(haracter)i(in)e(the)h(template)h(string)227 2909 y(is)h(a)g(min)m(us)f(sign)h(\('-'\))h(follo)m(w)m(ed)g(b)m(y)f(a) g(single)g(tok)m(en,)i(or)e(a)g(single)g(tok)m(en)h(follo)m(w)m(ed)g(b) m(y)f(an)f(equal)i(sign,)227 3022 y(then)29 b(it)g(is)g(in)m(terpreted) f(as)h(the)g(name)g(of)g(a)g(k)m(eyw)m(ord)g(whic)m(h)f(is)h(to)g(b)s (e)f(deleted)i(from)e(the)h(FITS)f(header.)0 3279 y Fh(-)80 b Fi(The)40 b(second)g(exception)h(is)f(that)h(if)f(the)g(template)h (string)f(starts)g(with)g(a)h(min)m(us)e(sign)h(and)f(is)h(follo)m(w)m (ed)227 3392 y(b)m(y)33 b(2)g(tok)m(ens)g(then)g(the)f(second)h(tok)m (en)h(is)e(in)m(terpreted)h(as)g(the)g(new)f(name)g(for)h(the)g(k)m (eyw)m(ord)g(sp)s(eci\014ed)227 3505 y(b)m(y)h(\014rst)e(tok)m(en.)52 b(In)33 b(this)g(case)i(the)e(old)h(k)m(eyw)m(ord)g(name)g(\(\014rst)f (tok)m(en\))i(is)e(returned)g(in)g(c)m(haracters)i(1-8)227 3618 y(of)e(the)g(returned)e(CARD)i(string,)g(and)f(the)h(new)f(k)m (eyw)m(ord)h(name)g(\(the)g(second)f(tok)m(en\))i(is)f(returned)e(in) 227 3731 y(c)m(haracters)c(41-48)h(of)e(the)f(returned)g(CARD)g (string.)40 b(These)25 b(old)h(and)f(new)g(names)g(ma)m(y)h(then)f(b)s (e)g(passed)227 3844 y(to)31 b(the)g(FTMNAM)g(subroutine)f(whic)m(h)g (will)g(c)m(hange)i(the)e(k)m(eyw)m(ord)h(name.)0 4101 y(The)f(HDTYPE)g(output)g(parameter)h(indicates)g(ho)m(w)g(the)f (returned)g(CARD)g(string)g(should)g(b)s(e)g(in)m(terpreted:)382 4359 y Fe(hdtype)857 b(interpretation)382 4472 y(------)523 b(-------------------------)o(----)o(---)o(----)o(----)o(---)o(----)o (--)525 4585 y(-2)572 b(Modify)46 b(the)h(name)g(of)g(the)g(keyword)f (given)g(in)h(CARD\(1:8\))1193 4698 y(to)g(the)g(new)g(name)g(given)f (in)h(CARD\(41:48\))525 4924 y(-1)572 b(CARD\(1:8\))45 b(contains)h(the)h(name)g(of)g(a)g(keyword)f(to)h(be)g(deleted)1193 5036 y(from)g(the)g(FITS)f(header.)573 5262 y(0)572 b(append)46 b(the)h(CARD)g(string)f(to)h(the)g(FITS)g(header)f(if)h(the)1193 5375 y(keyword)f(does)h(not)g(already)e(exist,)h(otherwise)g(update) 1193 5488 y(the)h(value/comment)d(if)j(the)g(keyword)f(is)h(already)f (present)1193 5601 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(et)m(w)m(een)i(tasks)f(on)h(the)f(stdin)g(and)g(stdout)g(streams.)136 4028 y Fc(\017)46 b Fi(FITS)20 b(\014les)h(can)g(b)s(e)f(read)g(and)g (written)h(in)f(shared)g(memory)-8 b(.)38 b(This)20 b(can)h(p)s(oten)m (tially)h(ac)m(hiev)m(e)h(m)m(uc)m(h)e(b)s(etter)227 4141 y(data)26 b(I/O)e(p)s(erformance)g(compared)h(to)h(reading)f(and)f (writing)g(the)h(same)h(FITS)e(\014les)g(on)h(magnetic)h(disk.)136 4320 y Fc(\017)46 b Fi(Compressed)30 b(FITS)f(\014les)i(in)f(gzip)h(or) f(Unix)g(COMPRESS)f(format)h(can)h(b)s(e)f(directly)h(read.)136 4499 y Fc(\017)46 b Fi(Output)28 b(FITS)h(\014les)g(can)g(b)s(e)g (written)g(directly)h(in)e(compressed)h(gzip)h(format,)g(th)m(us)e(sa)m (ving)i(disk)f(space.)136 4678 y Fc(\017)46 b Fi(FITS)26 b(table)h(columns)f(can)h(b)s(e)f(created,)i(mo)s(di\014ed,)f(or)f (deleted)h('on-the-\015y')g(as)g(the)g(table)g(is)f(op)s(ened)g(b)m(y) 227 4791 y(CFITSIO.)32 b(This)h(creates)i(a)e(virtual)h(FITS)f(\014le)g (con)m(taining)i(the)f(mo)s(di\014cations)f(that)h(is)g(then)f(op)s (ened)227 4904 y(b)m(y)e(the)f(application)i(program.)136 5083 y Fc(\017)46 b Fi(T)-8 b(able)29 b(ro)m(ws)e(ma)m(y)i(b)s(e)e (selected,)j(or)e(\014ltered)g(out,)g(on)g(the)g(\015y)f(when)g(the)h (table)h(is)f(op)s(ened)f(b)m(y)g(CFITSIO,)227 5196 y(based)f(on)h(an)f (arbitrary)h(user-sp)s(eci\014ed)e(expression.)39 b(Only)26 b(ro)m(ws)h(for)f(whic)m(h)g(the)h(expression)f(ev)-5 b(aluates)227 5309 y(to)31 b('TR)m(UE')g(are)g(retained)g(in)f(the)g (cop)m(y)i(of)e(the)h(table)g(that)g(is)f(op)s(ened)g(b)m(y)g(the)h (application)g(program.)136 5488 y Fc(\017)46 b Fi(Histogram)28 b(images)g(ma)m(y)f(b)s(e)f(created)h(on)f(the)h(\015y)f(b)m(y)g (binning)g(the)g(v)-5 b(alues)27 b(in)f(table)i(columns,)f(resulting) 227 5601 y(in)36 b(a)g(virtual)h(N-dimensional)f(FITS)g(image.)59 b(The)35 b(application)i(program)f(then)g(only)g(sees)g(the)h(FITS)227 5714 y(image)32 b(\(in)e(the)h(primary)e(arra)m(y\))j(instead)e(of)h (the)f(original)i(FITS)d(table.)1905 5942 y(77)p eop end %%Page: 78 84 TeXDict begin 78 83 bop 0 299 a Fi(78)1618 b Fg(CHAPTER)30 b(8.)112 b(EXTENDED)30 b(FILE)h(NAME)f(SYNT)-8 b(AX)0 555 y Fi(The)43 b(latter)i(3)f(features)g(in)f(particular)h(add)f(v)m (ery)h(p)s(o)m(w)m(erful)f(data)h(pro)s(cessing)f(capabilities)j (directly)e(in)m(to)0 668 y(CFITSIO,)29 b(and)g(hence)h(in)m(to)h(ev)m (ery)f(task)h(that)f(uses)g(CFITSIO)e(to)j(read)f(or)g(write)g(FITS)f (\014les.)40 b(F)-8 b(or)31 b(example,)0 781 y(these)d(features)f (transform)f(a)i(v)m(ery)f(simple)g(program)g(that)h(just)f(copies)h (an)f(input)f(FITS)g(\014le)h(to)h(a)g(new)e(output)0 894 y(\014le)36 b(\(lik)m(e)h(the)f(`\014tscop)m(y')h(program)f(that)g (is)g(distributed)f(with)g(CFITSIO\))g(in)m(to)i(a)f(m)m(ultipurp)s (ose)f(FITS)g(\014le)0 1007 y(pro)s(cessing)24 b(to)s(ol.)40 b(By)25 b(app)s(ending)f(fairly)g(simple)h(quali\014ers)g(on)m(to)g (the)g(name)g(of)g(the)g(input)f(FITS)g(\014le,)i(the)f(user)0 1120 y(can)37 b(p)s(erform)f(quite)i(complex)g(table)g(editing)g(op)s (erations)f(\(e.g.,)k(create)e(new)d(columns,)j(or)e(\014lter)h(out)f (ro)m(ws)0 1233 y(in)g(a)g(table\))h(or)f(create)h(FITS)f(images)h(b)m (y)f(binning)e(or)i(histogramming)h(the)f(v)-5 b(alues)37 b(in)g(table)h(columns.)60 b(In)0 1346 y(addition,)33 b(these)g(functions)e(ha)m(v)m(e)j(b)s(een)d(co)s(ded)h(using)f(new)h (state-of-the)i(art)f(algorithms)g(that)g(are,)g(in)f(some)0 1458 y(cases,)g(10)f(-)f(100)i(times)f(faster)g(than)f(previous)g (widely)g(used)g(implemen)m(tations.)0 1619 y(Before)k(describing)f (the)h(complete)h(syn)m(tax)f(for)f(the)h(extended)f(FITS)g(\014le)g (names)g(in)g(the)h(next)g(section,)h(here)0 1732 y(are)c(a)g(few)f (examples)h(of)f(FITS)g(\014le)g(names)h(that)f(giv)m(e)i(a)f(quic)m(k) g(o)m(v)m(erview)h(of)f(the)f(allo)m(w)m(ed)i(syn)m(tax:)136 1960 y Fc(\017)46 b Fe('myfile.fits')p Fi(:)37 b(the)31 b(simplest)f(case)i(of)e(a)h(FITS)f(\014le)g(on)h(disk)e(in)i(the)f (curren)m(t)g(directory)-8 b(.)136 2137 y Fc(\017)46 b Fe('myfile.imh')p Fi(:)37 b(op)s(ens)28 b(an)h(IRAF)g(format)g(image) i(\014le)e(and)f(con)m(v)m(erts)i(it)g(on)f(the)g(\015y)f(in)m(to)i(a)f (temp)s(orary)227 2250 y(FITS)h(format)h(image)g(in)f(memory)h(whic)m (h)f(can)g(then)g(b)s(e)g(read)g(with)g(an)m(y)h(other)g(CFITSIO)e (routine.)136 2427 y Fc(\017)46 b Fe(rawfile.dat[i512,512])p Fi(:)35 b(op)s(ens)30 b(a)g(ra)m(w)h(binary)e(data)i(arra)m(y)g(\(a)g (512)g(x)f(512)i(short)e(in)m(teger)h(arra)m(y)g(in)227 2540 y(this)i(case\))i(and)d(con)m(v)m(erts)j(it)e(on)g(the)g(\015y)g (in)m(to)h(a)f(temp)s(orary)g(FITS)f(format)h(image)i(in)d(memory)h (whic)m(h)227 2652 y(can)e(then)f(b)s(e)g(read)g(with)g(an)m(y)h(other) f(CFITSIO)f(routine.)136 2830 y Fc(\017)46 b Fe(myfile.fits.gz)p Fi(:)d(if)33 b(this)g(is)g(the)g(name)g(of)h(a)f(new)g(output)g (\014le,)h(the)f('.gz')i(su\016x)d(will)h(cause)h(it)g(to)g(b)s(e)227 2942 y(compressed)c(in)g(gzip)h(format)g(when)e(it)i(is)g(written)f(to) h(disk.)136 3120 y Fc(\017)46 b Fe('myfile.fits.gz[events,)c(2]')p Fi(:)59 b(op)s(ens)40 b(and)f(uncompresses)g(the)i(gzipp)s(ed)e(\014le) i(m)m(y\014le.\014ts)f(then)227 3232 y(mo)m(v)m(es)34 b(to)f(the)f(extension)h(whic)m(h)f(has)f(the)i(k)m(eyw)m(ords)f (EXTNAME)g(=)g('EVENTS')g(and)g(EXTVER)f(=)227 3345 y(2.)136 3522 y Fc(\017)46 b Fe('-')p Fi(:)40 b(a)31 b(dash)f(\(min)m(us)g (sign\))h(signi\014es)f(that)h(the)g(input)f(\014le)g(is)h(to)g(b)s(e)f (read)g(from)g(the)h(stdin)f(\014le)g(stream,)227 3635 y(or)h(that)g(the)f(output)g(\014le)h(is)f(to)h(b)s(e)f(written)g(to)h (the)g(stdout)f(stream.)136 3812 y Fc(\017)46 b Fe ('ftp://legacy.gsfc.nasa.g)o(ov/t)o(est/)o(vel)o(a.fi)o(ts')p Fi(:)33 b(FITS)28 b(\014les)g(in)g(an)m(y)g(ftp)g(arc)m(hiv)m(e)i(site) f(on)f(the)227 3925 y(In)m(ternet)j(ma)m(y)g(b)s(e)f(directly)h(op)s (ened)e(with)h(read-only)h(access.)136 4102 y Fc(\017)46 b Fe('http://legacy.gsfc.nasa.)o(gov/)o(soft)o(war)o(e/te)o(st.f)o(its) o(')p Fi(:)d(an)m(y)34 b(v)-5 b(alid)35 b(URL)f(to)h(a)f(FITS)g(\014le) g(on)227 4215 y(the)d(W)-8 b(eb)31 b(ma)m(y)g(b)s(e)f(op)s(ened)f(with) h(read-only)h(access.)136 4392 y Fc(\017)46 b Fe ('root://legacy.gsfc.nasa.)o(gov/)o(test)o(/ve)o(la.f)o(its')o Fi(:)32 b(similar)24 b(to)g(ftp)f(access)i(except)g(that)f(it)g(pro-) 227 4505 y(vides)30 b(write)h(as)f(w)m(ell)h(as)g(read)f(access)h(to)g (the)f(\014les)h(across)f(the)h(net)m(w)m(ork.)41 b(This)29 b(uses)h(the)h(ro)s(ot)f(proto)s(col)227 4618 y(dev)m(elop)s(ed)h(at)g (CERN.)136 4795 y Fc(\017)46 b Fe('shmem://h2[events]')p Fi(:)35 b(op)s(ens)30 b(the)g(FITS)f(\014le)i(in)f(a)g(shared)f(memory) i(segmen)m(t)g(and)e(mo)m(v)m(es)j(to)f(the)227 4908 y(EVENTS)f(extension.)136 5085 y Fc(\017)46 b Fe('mem://')p Fi(:)52 b(creates)39 b(a)e(scratc)m(h)i(output)d(\014le)i(in)e(core)i (computer)f(memory)-8 b(.)62 b(The)37 b(resulting)g('\014le')h(will)227 5198 y(disapp)s(ear)25 b(when)f(the)i(program)f(exits,)i(so)f(this)f (is)h(mainly)f(useful)g(for)g(testing)i(purp)s(oses)c(when)i(one)g(do)s (es)227 5311 y(not)31 b(w)m(an)m(t)g(a)g(p)s(ermanen)m(t)f(cop)m(y)h (of)f(the)h(output)f(\014le.)136 5488 y Fc(\017)46 b Fe('myfile.fits[3;)e(Images\(10\)]')p Fi(:)49 b(op)s(ens)35 b(a)i(cop)m(y)g(of)f(the)g(image)i(con)m(tained)f(in)f(the)h(10th)f(ro) m(w)h(of)227 5601 y(the)26 b('Images')i(column)d(in)h(the)g(binary)g (table)g(in)g(the)g(3th)h(extension)f(of)g(the)h(FITS)e(\014le.)39 b(The)26 b(application)227 5714 y(just)k(sees)h(this)f(single)h(image)h (as)e(the)h(primary)e(arra)m(y)-8 b(.)p eop end %%Page: 79 85 TeXDict begin 79 84 bop 0 299 a Fg(8.1.)72 b(O)m(VER)-10 b(VIEW)3086 b Fi(79)136 555 y Fc(\017)46 b Fe('myfile.fits[1:512:2,)c (1:512:2]')p Fi(:)49 b(op)s(ens)35 b(a)h(section)h(of)e(the)h(input)f (image)i(ranging)f(from)f(the)227 668 y(1st)26 b(to)g(the)f(512th)h (pixel)g(in)e(X)i(and)e(Y,)i(and)e(selects)j(ev)m(ery)e(second)h(pixel) f(in)g(b)s(oth)f(dimensions,)i(resulting)227 781 y(in)k(a)h(256)h(x)e (256)i(pixel)e(image)i(in)e(this)g(case.)136 981 y Fc(\017)46 b Fe('myfile.fits[EVENTS][col)41 b(Rad)47 b(=)h(sqrt\(X**2)d(+)j (Y**2\)]')p Fi(:)38 b(creates)30 b(and)f(op)s(ens)f(a)h(temp)s(orary) 227 1094 y(\014le)f(on)f(the)g(\015y)g(\(in)g(memory)g(or)g(on)h (disk\))f(that)g(is)h(iden)m(tical)h(to)f(m)m(y\014le.\014ts)f(except)h (that)g(it)g(will)g(con)m(tain)227 1207 y(a)41 b(new)f(column)g(in)h (the)f(EVENTS)g(extension)h(called)h('Rad')f(whose)f(v)-5 b(alue)41 b(is)f(computed)h(using)f(the)227 1320 y(indicated)31 b(expression)f(whic)m(h)g(is)h(a)g(function)f(of)g(the)h(v)-5 b(alues)30 b(in)h(the)f(X)h(and)e(Y)i(columns.)136 1520 y Fc(\017)46 b Fe('myfile.fits[EVENTS][PHA)41 b(>)48 b(5]')p Fi(:)37 b(creates)27 b(and)e(op)s(ens)g(a)h(temp)s(orary)f (FITS)g(\014les)g(that)h(is)g(iden)m(ti-)227 1633 y(cal)k(to)g('m)m (y\014le.\014ts')f(except)h(that)f(the)g(EVENTS)f(table)i(will)f(only)g (con)m(tain)h(the)f(ro)m(ws)g(that)h(ha)m(v)m(e)g(v)-5 b(alues)227 1746 y(of)28 b(the)g(PHA)f(column)g(greater)i(than)e(5.)40 b(In)27 b(general,)i(an)m(y)f(arbitrary)f(b)s(o)s(olean)h(expression)f (using)g(a)h(C)f(or)227 1859 y(F)-8 b(ortran-lik)m(e)31 b(syn)m(tax,)e(whic)m(h)f(ma)m(y)h(com)m(bine)g(AND)g(and)f(OR)f(op)s (erators,)i(ma)m(y)g(b)s(e)f(used)f(to)i(select)h(ro)m(ws)227 1972 y(from)g(a)h(table.)136 2172 y Fc(\017)46 b Fe ('myfile.fits[EVENTS][bin)41 b(\(X,Y\)=1,2048,4]')p Fi(:)46 b(creates)37 b(a)e(temp)s(orary)g(FITS)f(primary)g(arra)m(y)227 2285 y(image)c(whic)m(h)f(is)g(computed)f(on)h(the)g(\015y)f(b)m(y)g (binning)g(\(i.e,)j(computing)d(the)h(2-dimensional)h(histogram\))227 2398 y(of)k(the)f(v)-5 b(alues)34 b(in)f(the)h(X)g(and)e(Y)i(columns)f (of)h(the)f(EVENTS)g(extension.)50 b(In)33 b(this)g(case)i(the)e(X)h (and)f(Y)227 2511 y(co)s(ordinates)h(range)g(from)f(1)h(to)g(2048)h (and)e(the)h(image)g(pixel)g(size)g(is)g(4)f(units)g(in)g(b)s(oth)g (dimensions,)h(so)227 2624 y(the)d(resulting)f(image)i(is)e(512)i(x)e (512)i(pixels)f(in)f(size.)136 2824 y Fc(\017)46 b Fi(The)31 b(\014nal)g(example)i(com)m(bines)f(man)m(y)f(of)h(these)g(feature)g (in)m(to)g(one)g(complex)g(expression)f(\(it)i(is)e(brok)m(en)227 2937 y(in)m(to)h(sev)m(eral)f(lines)g(for)f(clarit)m(y\):)323 3206 y Fe('ftp://legacy.gsfc.nasa)o(.gov)o(/dat)o(a/s)o(ampl)o(e.fi)o (ts.)o(gz[E)o(VENT)o(S])370 3319 y([col)47 b(phacorr)f(=)h(pha)g(*)h (1.1)f(-)g(0.3][phacorr)e(>=)i(5.0)g(&&)g(phacorr)f(<=)h(14.0])370 3432 y([bin)g(\(X,Y\)=32]')227 3701 y Fi(In)37 b(this)h(case,)j (CFITSIO)36 b(\(1\))j(copies)g(and)e(uncompresses)g(the)h(FITS)f (\014le)h(from)f(the)h(ftp)f(site)i(on)f(the)227 3814 y(legacy)g(mac)m(hine,)h(\(2\))e(mo)m(v)m(es)g(to)g(the)g('EVENTS')f (extension,)i(\(3\))f(calculates)i(a)d(new)g(column)g(called)227 3927 y('phacorr',)30 b(\(4\))f(selects)h(the)f(ro)m(ws)g(in)f(the)h (table)h(that)f(ha)m(v)m(e)h(phacorr)e(in)g(the)h(range)g(5)g(to)h(14,) g(and)e(\014nally)227 4040 y(\(5\))35 b(bins)d(the)h(remaining)g(ro)m 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Fe(FTMAHD\(unit,nhdu,)43 b(>)k(hdutype,status\))382 2045 y(FTMRHD\(unit,nmove,)c(>)k(hdutype,status\))382 2158 y(FTGHDN\(unit,)d(>)k(nhdu\))382 2271 y(FTMNHD\(unit,)c(hdutype,)i (extname,)f(extver,)h(>)i(status\))382 2384 y(FTGHDT\(unit,)c(>)k (hdutype,)d(status\))382 2497 y(FTTHDU\(unit,)f(>)k(hdunum,)e(status\)) 382 2610 y(FTCRHD\(unit,)e(>)k(status\))382 2723 y (FTIIMG\(unit,bitpix,naxis)o(,na)o(xes,)41 b(>)48 b(status\))382 2836 y(FTITAB\(unit,rowlen,nrows)o(,tf)o(ield)o(s,tt)o(ype)o(,tbc)o (ol,t)o(for)o(m,tu)o(nit,)o(ext)o(name)o(,)42 b(>)716 2949 y(status\))382 3061 y(FTIBIN\(unit,nrows,tfield)o(s,t)o(type)o (,tfo)o(rm,)o(tuni)o(t,ex)o(tna)o(me,v)o(arid)o(at)f(>)48 b(status\))382 3174 y(FTRSIM\(unit,bitpix,naxis)o(,na)o(xes,)o(stat)o (us\))382 3287 y(FTDHDU\(unit,)c(>)k(hdutype,status\))382 3400 y(FTCPFL\(iunit,ounit,previ)o(ous)o(,)42 b(current,)j(following,)g (>)j(status\))382 3513 y(FTCOPY\(iunit,ounit,morek)o(eys)o(,)42 b(>)47 b(status\))382 3626 y(FTCPHD\(inunit,)d(outunit,)h(>)j(status\)) 382 3739 y(FTCPDT\(iunit,ounit,)42 b(>)48 b(status\))0 3976 y Fi(Subroutines)29 b(to)i(sp)s(ecify)f(or)g(mo)s(dify)g(the)g (structure)g(of)h(the)f(CHDU:)h(page)h(41)382 4213 y Fe(FTRDEF\(unit,)44 b(>)k(status\))93 b(\(DEPRECATED\))382 4326 y(FTPDEF\(unit,bitpix,naxis)o(,na)o(xes,)o(pcou)o(nt,)o(gcou)o (nt,)41 b(>)48 b(status\))93 b(\(DEPRECATED\))382 4439 y(FTADEF\(unit,rowlen,tfiel)o(ds,)o(tbco)o(l,tf)o(orm)o(,nro)o(ws)42 b(>)47 b(status\))94 b(\(DEPRECATED\))382 4551 y (FTBDEF\(unit,tfields,tfor)o(m,v)o(arid)o(at,n)o(row)o(s)42 b(>)47 b(status\))94 b(\(DEPRECATED\))382 4664 y(FTDDEF\(unit,bytlen,) 42 b(>)48 b(status\))93 b(\(DEPRECATED\))382 4777 y (FTPTHP\(unit,theap,)43 b(>)k(status\))0 5014 y Fi(Header)31 b(Space)f(and)g(P)m(osition)i(Subroutines:)39 b(page)31 b(43)382 5251 y Fe(FTHDEF\(unit,morekeys,)42 b(>)47 b(status\))382 5364 y(FTGHSP\(iunit,)d(>)j(keysexist,keysadd,status\))382 5477 y(FTGHPS\(iunit,)d(>)j(keysexist,key_no,status\))0 5714 y Fi(Read)31 b(or)f(W)-8 b(rite)32 b(Standard)d(Header)i (Subroutines:)39 b(page)31 b(43)p eop end %%Page: 115 121 TeXDict begin 115 120 bop 3764 299 a Fi(115)382 555 y Fe(FTPHPS\(unit,bitpix,naxis)o(,na)o(xes,)41 b(>)48 b(status\))382 668 y(FTPHPR\(unit,simple,bitpi)o(x,n)o(axis)o(,nax)o(es,)o(pcou)o (nt,g)o(cou)o(nt,e)o(xten)o(d,)41 b(>)48 b(status\))382 781 y(FTGHPR\(unit,maxdim,)42 b(>)48 b(simple,bitpix,naxis,naxe)o(s,p)o (coun)o(t,gc)o(oun)o(t,ex)o(tend)o(,)716 894 y(status\))382 1007 y(FTPHTB\(unit,rowlen,nrows)o(,tf)o(ield)o(s,tt)o(ype)o(,tbc)o (ol,t)o(for)o(m,tu)o(nit,)o(ext)o(name)o(,)42 b(>)716 1120 y(status\))382 1233 y(FTGHTB\(unit,maxdim,)g(>)48 b(rowlen,nrows,tfields,tty)o(pe,)o(tbco)o(l,tf)o(orm)o(,tun)o(it,)716 1346 y(extname,status\))382 1458 y(FTPHBN\(unit,nrows,tfield)o(s,t)o (type)o(,tfo)o(rm,)o(tuni)o(t,ex)o(tna)o(me,v)o(arid)o(at)41 b(>)48 b(status\))382 1571 y(FTGHBN\(unit,maxdim,)42 b(>)48 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3441 y(status\))382 3554 y(FTCPKYinunit,)j(outunit,)i(innum,)g (outnum,)f(keyroot,)h(>)h(status\))382 3667 y (FTPKYT\(unit,keyword,intv)o(al,)o(dblv)o(al,c)o(omm)o(ent,)41 b(>)48 b(status\))382 3780 y(FTPKTP\(unit,)c(filename,)i(>)h(status\)) 382 3893 y(FTPUNT\(unit,keyword,unit)o(s,)41 b(>)48 b(status\))0 4151 y Fi(Insert)30 b(Keyw)m(ord)g(Subroutines:)39 b(page)31 b(47)382 4408 y Fe(FTIREC\(unit,key_no,card,)41 b(>)47 b(status\))382 4521 y(FTIKY[JKLS]\(unit,keyword)o(,ke)o(yval)o(,com)o (men)o(t,)42 b(>)47 b(status\))382 4634 y(FTIKLS\(unit,keyword,keyv)o (al,)o(comm)o(ent,)41 b(>)47 b(status\))382 4747 y (FTIKY[EDFG]\(unit,keyword)o(,ke)o(yval)o(,dec)o(ima)o(ls,c)o(omme)o (nt,)41 b(>)48 b(status\))382 4860 y(FTIKYU\(unit,keyword,comm)o(ent)o (,)42 b(>)47 b(status\))0 5118 y Fi(Read)31 b(Keyw)m(ord)f (Subroutines:)39 b(page)31 b(47)382 5375 y Fe(FTGREC\(unit,key_no,)42 b(>)48 b(card,status\))382 5488 y(FTGKYN\(unit,key_no,)42 b(>)48 b(keyword,value,comment,st)o(atu)o(s\))382 5601 y(FTGCRD\(unit,keyword,)42 b(>)48 b(card,status\))382 5714 y(FTGNXK\(unit,inclist,ninc)o(,ex)o(clis)o(t,ne)o(xc,)41 b(>)48 b(card,status\))p eop end %%Page: 116 122 TeXDict begin 116 121 bop 0 299 a Fi(116)281 b Fg(CHAPTER)30 b(10.)112 b(SUMMAR)-8 b(Y)32 b(OF)e(ALL)g(FITSIO)f(USER-INTERF)-10 b(A)m(CE)30 b(SUBR)m(OUTINES)382 555 y Fe(FTGKEY\(unit,keyword,)42 b(>)48 b(value,comment,status\))382 668 y(FTGKY[EDJKLS]\(unit,keywo)o (rd,)41 b(>)48 b(keyval,comment,status\))382 781 y (FTGKN[EDJKLS]\(unit,keyro)o(ot,)o(star)o(tno,)o(max)o(_key)o(s,)42 b(>)47 b(keyvals,nfound,status\))382 894 y(FTGKYT\(unit,keyword,)42 b(>)48 b(intval,dblval,comment,s)o(tat)o(us\))382 1007 y(FTGUNT\(unit,keyword,)42 b(>)48 b(units,status\))0 1263 y Fi(Mo)s(dify)30 b(Keyw)m(ord)g(Subroutines:)39 b(page)31 b(49)382 1519 y Fe(FTMREC\(unit,key_no,card,)41 b(>)47 b(status\))382 1632 y(FTMCRD\(unit,keyword,card)o(,)42 b(>)47 b(status\))382 1745 y(FTMNAM\(unit,oldkey,keywo)o(rd,)41 b(>)48 b(status\))382 1858 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b(status\))382 3899 y(FTDKEY\(unit,keyword,)42 b(>)48 b(status\))0 4155 y Fi(De\014ne)31 b(Data)h(Scaling)f(P)m(arameters)g(and)f(Unde\014ned)f (Pixel)i(Flags:)42 b(page)31 b(51)382 4411 y Fe (FTPSCL\(unit,bscale,bzero)o(,)42 b(>)47 b(status\))382 4524 y(FTTSCL\(unit,colnum,tscal)o(,tz)o(ero,)41 b(>)48 b(status\))382 4637 y(FTPNUL\(unit,blank,)43 b(>)k(status\))382 4750 y(FTSNUL\(unit,colnum,snull)41 b(>)47 b(status\))382 4863 y(FTTNUL\(unit,colnum,tnull)41 b(>)47 b(status\))0 5119 y Fi(FITS)30 b(Primary)f(Arra)m(y)i(or)f(IMA)m(GE)i(Extension)e (I/O)h(Subroutines:)39 b(page)31 b(52)382 5375 y Fe(FTGIDT\(unit,)44 b(>)k(bitpix,status\))382 5488 y(FTGIET\(unit,)c(>)k(bitpix,status\)) 382 5601 y(FTGIDM\(unit,)c(>)k(naxis,status\))382 5714 y(FTGISZ\(unit,)c(maxdim,)i(>)i(naxes,status\))p eop end %%Page: 117 123 TeXDict begin 117 122 bop 3764 299 a Fi(117)382 555 y Fe(FTGIPR\(unit,)44 b(maxdim,)i(>)i(bitpix,naxis,naxes,stat)o(us\))382 668 y(FTPPR[BIJKED]\(unit,group)o(,fp)o(ixel)o(,nel)o(eme)o(nts,)o (valu)o(es,)41 b(>)48 b(status\))382 781 y(FTPPN[BIJKED]\(unit,group)o (,fp)o(ixel)o(,nel)o(eme)o(nts,)o(valu)o(es,)o(null)o(val)41 b(>)48 b(status\))382 894 y(FTPPRU\(unit,group,fpixel)o(,ne)o(leme)o (nts,)41 b(>)47 b(status\))382 1007 y(FTGPV[BIJKED]\(unit,group)o(,fp)o (ixel)o(,nel)o(eme)o(nts,)o(null)o(val)o(,)42 b(>)47 b(values,anyf,status\))382 1120 y(FTGPF[BIJKED]\(unit,group)o(,fp)o (ixel)o(,nel)o(eme)o(nts,)41 b(>)48 b(values,flagvals,anyf,st)o(atu)o (s\))382 1233 y(FTPGP[BIJKED]\(unit,group)o(,fp)o(arm,)o(npar)o(m,v)o (alue)o(s,)42 b(>)47 b(status\))382 1346 y(FTGGP[BIJKED]\(unit,group)o (,fp)o(arm,)o(npar)o(m,)41 b(>)48 b(values,status\))382 1458 y(FTP2D[BIJKED]\(unit,group)o(,di)o(m1,n)o(axis)o(1,n)o(axis)o (2,im)o(age)o(,)42 b(>)47 b(status\))382 1571 y (FTP3D[BIJKED]\(unit,group)o(,di)o(m1,d)o(im2,)o(nax)o(is1,)o(naxi)o (s2,)o(naxi)o(s3,c)o(ube)o(,)42 b(>)47 b(status\))382 1684 y(FTG2D[BIJKED]\(unit,group)o(,nu)o(llva)o(l,di)o(m1,)o(naxi)o (s1,n)o(axi)o(s2,)41 b(>)48 b(image,anyf,status\))382 1797 y(FTG3D[BIJKED]\(unit,group)o(,nu)o(llva)o(l,di)o(m1,)o(dim2)o (,nax)o(is1)o(,nax)o(is2,)o(nax)o(is3,)41 b(>)1002 1910 y(cube,anyf,status\))382 2023 y(FTPSS[BIJKED]\(unit,group)o(,na)o(xis,) o(naxe)o(s,f)o(pixe)o(ls,l)o(pix)o(els,)o(arra)o(y,)g(>)48 b(status\))382 2136 y(FTGSV[BIJKED]\(unit,group)o(,na)o(xis,)o(naxe)o (s,f)o(pixe)o(ls,l)o(pix)o(els,)o(incs)o(,nu)o(llva)o(l,)42 b(>)1002 2249 y(array,anyf,status\))382 2362 y (FTGSF[BIJKED]\(unit,group)o(,na)o(xis,)o(naxe)o(s,f)o(pixe)o(ls,l)o (pix)o(els,)o(incs)o(,)g(>)1002 2475 y(array,flagvals,anyf,statu)o(s\)) 0 2739 y Fi(T)-8 b(able)31 b(Column)e(Information)i(Subroutines:)39 b(page)31 b(55)382 3003 y Fe(FTGNRW\(unit,)44 b(>)k(nrows,)e(status\)) 382 3115 y(FTGNCL\(unit,)e(>)k(ncols,)e(status\))382 3228 y(FTGCNO\(unit,casesen,colt)o(emp)o(late)o(,)c(>)47 b(colnum,status\))382 3341 y(FTGCNN\(unit,casesen,colt)o(emp)o(late)o (,)42 b(>)47 b(colnam,colnum,status\))382 3454 y(FTGTCL\(unit,colnum,) 42 b(>)48 b(datacode,repeat,width,st)o(atu)o(s\))382 3567 y(FTEQTY\(unit,colnum,)42 b(>)48 b(datacode,repeat,width,st)o(atu) o(s\))382 3680 y(FTGCDW\(unit,colnum,)42 b(>)48 b(dispwidth,status\)) 382 3793 y(FTGACL\(unit,colnum,)42 b(>)716 3906 y (ttype,tbcol,tunit,tform,)o(tsca)o(l,t)o(zero)o(,snu)o(ll,)o(tdis)o (p,st)o(atu)o(s\))382 4019 y(FTGBCL\(unit,colnum,)g(>)716 4132 y(ttype,tunit,datatype,rep)o(eat,)o(tsc)o(al,t)o(zero)o(,tn)o (ull,)o(tdis)o(p,s)o(tatu)o(s\))382 4245 y(FTPTDM\(unit,colnum,naxis)o (,na)o(xes,)f(>)48 b(status\))382 4357 y(FTGTDM\(unit,colnum,maxdi)o (m,)41 b(>)48 b(naxis,naxes,status\))382 4470 y (FTDTDM\(unit,tdimstr,coln)o(um,)o(maxd)o(im,)41 b(>)48 b(naxis,naxes,)c(status\))382 4583 y(FFGRSZ\(unit,)g(>)k (nrows,status\))0 4847 y Fi(Lo)m(w-Lev)m(el)32 b(T)-8 b(able)31 b(Access)h(Subroutines:)39 b(page)31 b(58)382 5111 y 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b(celestial)g(coordinate)g(keywords)h(not)h (found)0 4394 y(506)95 b(approximate)44 b(wcs)j(keyword)f(values)g (were)h(returned)p eop end %%Trailer userdict /end-hook known{end-hook}if %%EOF