Initial commit

1 files changed, 867 insertions, 0 deletions

diff --git a/src/str.c b/src/str.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..8a5a43a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/str.c
@@ -0,0 +1,867 @@
+/**
+ * @file strings.c
+ */
+#include <unistd.h>
+#include "str.h"
+
+/**
+ * Determine how many times the character `ch` appears in `sptr` string
+ * @param sptr string to scan
+ * @param ch character to find
+ * @return count of characters found
+ */
+int num_chars(const char *sptr, int ch) {
+    int result = 0;
+    for (int i = 0; sptr[i] != '\0'; i++) {
+        if (sptr[i] == ch) {
+            result++;
+        }
+    }
+    return result;
+}
+
+/**
+ * Scan for `pattern` string at the beginning of `sptr`
+ *
+ * @param sptr string to scan
+ * @param pattern string to search for
+ * @return 1 = found, 0 = not found, -1 = error
+ */
+int startswith(const char *sptr, const char *pattern) {
+    if (!sptr || !pattern) {
+        return -1;
+    }
+    for (size_t i = 0; i < strlen(pattern); i++) {
+        if (sptr[i] != pattern[i]) {
+            return 0;
+        }
+    }
+    return 1;
+}
+
+/**
+ * Scan for `pattern` string at the end of `sptr`
+ *
+ * @param sptr string to scan
+ * @param pattern string to search for
+ * @return 1 = found, 0 = not found, -1 = error
+ */
+int endswith(const char *sptr, const char *pattern) {
+    if (!sptr || !pattern) {
+        return -1;
+    }
+    ssize_t sptr_size = (ssize_t) strlen(sptr);
+    ssize_t pattern_size = (ssize_t) strlen(pattern);
+
+    if (sptr_size == pattern_size) {
+       if (strcmp(sptr, pattern) == 0) {
+           return 1; // yes
+       }
+       return 0; // no
+    }
+
+    ssize_t s = sptr_size - pattern_size;
+    if (s < 0) {
+        return 0;
+    }
+
+    for (size_t p = 0 ; s < sptr_size; s++, p++) {
+        if (sptr[s] != pattern[p]) {
+            // sptr does not end with pattern
+            return 0;
+        }
+    }
+    // sptr ends with pattern
+    return 1;
+}
+
+/**
+ * Deletes any characters matching `chars` from `sptr` string
+ *
+ * @param sptr string to be modified in-place
+ * @param chars a string containing characters (e.g. " \n" would delete whitespace and line feeds)
+ */
+void strchrdel(char *sptr, const char *chars) {
+    if (sptr == NULL || chars == NULL) {
+        return;
+    }
+
+    while (*sptr != '\0') {
+        for (int i = 0; chars[i] != '\0'; i++) {
+            if (*sptr == chars[i]) {
+                memmove(sptr, sptr + 1, strlen(sptr));
+            }
+        }
+        sptr++;
+    }
+}
+
+/**
+ * Find the integer offset of the first occurrence of `ch` in `sptr`
+ *
+ * ~~~{.c}
+ * char buffer[255];
+ * char string[] = "abc=123";
+ * long int separator_offset = strchroff(string, '=');
+ * for (long int i = 0; i < separator_offset); i++) {
+ *     buffer[i] = string[i];
+ * }
+ * ~~~
+ *
+ * @param sptr string to scan
+ * @param ch character to find
+ * @return offset to character in string, or 0 on failure
+ */
+long int strchroff(const char *sptr, int ch) {
+    char *orig = strdup(sptr);
+    char *tmp = orig;
+    long int result = 0;
+
+    int found = 0;
+    size_t i = 0;
+
+    while (*tmp != '\0') {
+        if (*tmp == ch) {
+            found = 1;
+            break;
+        }
+        tmp++;
+        i++;
+    }
+
+    if (found == 0 && i == strlen(sptr)) {
+        return -1;
+    }
+
+    result = tmp - orig;
+    free(orig);
+
+    return result;
+}
+
+/**
+ * This function scans `sptr` from right to left removing any matches to `suffix`
+ * from the string.
+ *
+ * @param sptr string to be modified
+ * @param suffix string to be removed from `sptr`
+ */
+void strdelsuffix(char *sptr, const char *suffix) {
+    if (!sptr || !suffix) {
+        return;
+    }
+    size_t sptr_len = strlen(sptr);
+    size_t suffix_len = strlen(suffix);
+    intptr_t target_offset = sptr_len - suffix_len;
+
+    // Prevent access to memory below input string
+    if (target_offset < 0) {
+        return;
+    }
+
+    // Create a pointer to
+    char *target = sptr + target_offset;
+    if (!strcmp(target, suffix)) {
+        // Purge the suffix
+        memset(target, '\0', suffix_len);
+        // Recursive call continues removing suffix until it is gone
+        strip(sptr);
+    }
+}
+
+/**
+ * Split a string by every delimiter in `delim` string.
+ *
+ * Callee must free memory using `split_free()`
+ *
+ * @param sptr string to split
+ * @param delim characters to split on
+ * @return success=parts of string, failure=NULL
+ */
+char** split(char *_sptr, const char* delim, size_t max)
+{
+    if (_sptr == NULL || delim == NULL) {
+        return NULL;
+    }
+    size_t split_alloc = 0;
+    // Duplicate the input string and save a copy of the pointer to be freed later
+    char *orig = _sptr;
+    char *sptr = strdup(orig);
+
+    if (!sptr) {
+        return NULL;
+    }
+
+    // Determine how many delimiters are present
+    for (size_t i = 0; i < strlen(delim); i++) {
+        if (max && i > max) {
+            break;
+        }
+        split_alloc += num_chars(sptr, delim[i]);
+    }
+
+    // Preallocate enough records based on the number of delimiters
+    char **result = (char **)calloc(split_alloc + 2, sizeof(char *));
+    if (!result) {
+        free(sptr);
+        return NULL;
+    }
+
+    // No delimiter, but the string was not NULL, so return the original string
+    if (split_alloc == 0) {
+        result[0] = sptr;
+        result[1] = NULL;
+        return result;
+    }
+
+    // Separate the string into individual parts and store them in the result array
+    int i = 0;
+    char *token = NULL;
+    while((token = strsep(&sptr, delim)) != NULL) {
+        if (max && i > max) {
+            --i;
+            strcat(result[i], delim);
+            strcat(result[i], token);
+        } else {
+            result[i] = calloc(BUFSIZ, sizeof(char));
+            if (!result[i]) {
+                free(sptr);
+                return NULL;
+            }
+            strcpy(result[i], token);
+            i++;    // next record
+        }
+        //memcpy(result[i], token, strlen(token) + 1);   // copy the string contents into the record
+    }
+    //free(orig);
+    free(sptr);
+    return result;
+}
+
+/**
+ * Frees memory allocated by `split()`
+ * @param ptr pointer to array
+ */
+void split_free(char **ptr) {
+    for (int i = 0; ptr[i] != NULL; i++) {
+        free(ptr[i]);
+    }
+    free(ptr);
+}
+
+/**
+ * Create new a string from an array of strings
+ *
+ * ~~~{.c}
+ * char *array[] = {
+ *     "this",
+ *     "is",
+ *     "a",
+ *     "test",
+ *     NULL,
+ * }
+ *
+ * char *test = join(array, " ");    // "this is a test"
+ * char *test2 = join(array, "_");   // "this_is_a_test"
+ * char *test3 = join(array, ", ");  // "this, is, a, test"
+ *
+ * free(test);
+ * free(test2);
+ * free(test3);
+ * ~~~
+ *
+ * @param arr
+ * @param separator characters to insert between elements in string
+ * @return new joined string
+ */
+char *join(char **arr, const char *separator) {
+    char *result = NULL;
+    int records = 0;
+    size_t total_bytes = 0;
+
+    if (!arr || !separator) {
+        return NULL;
+    }
+
+    for (int i = 0; arr[i] != NULL; i++) {
+        total_bytes += strlen(arr[i]);
+        records++;
+    }
+    total_bytes += (records * strlen(separator)) + 1;
+
+    result = (char *)calloc(total_bytes, sizeof(char));
+    for (int i = 0; i < records; i++) {
+        strcat(result, arr[i]);
+        if (i < (records - 1)) {
+            strcat(result, separator);
+        }
+    }
+    return result;
+}
+
+/**
+ * Join two or more strings by a `separator` string
+ * @param separator
+ * @param ...
+ * @return string
+ */
+char *join_ex(char *separator, ...) {
+    va_list ap;                 // Variadic argument list
+    size_t separator_len = 0;   // Length of separator string
+    size_t size = 0;            // Length of output string
+    size_t argc = 0;            // Number of arguments ^ "..."
+    char **argv = NULL;         // Arguments
+    char *current = NULL;       // Current argument
+    char *result = NULL;        // Output string
+
+    if (separator == NULL) {
+        return NULL;
+    }
+
+    // Initialize array
+    argv = calloc(argc + 1, sizeof(char *));
+    if (argv == NULL) {
+        perror("join_ex calloc failed");
+        return NULL;
+    }
+
+    // Get length of the separator
+    separator_len = strlen(separator);
+
+    // Process variadic arguments:
+    // 1. Iterate over argument list `ap`
+    // 2. Assign `current` with the value of argument in `ap`
+    // 3. Extend the `argv` array by the latest argument count `argc`
+    // 4. Sum the length of the argument and the `separator` passed to the function
+    // 5. Append `current` string to `argv` array
+    // 6. Update argument counter `argc`
+    va_start(ap, separator);
+    for(argc = 0; (current = va_arg(ap, char *)) != NULL; argc++) {
+        char **tmp = realloc(argv, (argc + 1) * sizeof(char *));
+        if (tmp == NULL) {
+            perror("join_ex realloc failed");
+            return NULL;
+        }
+        argv = tmp;
+        size += strlen(current) + separator_len;
+        argv[argc] = strdup(current);
+    }
+    va_end(ap);
+
+    // Generate output string
+    result = calloc(size + 1, sizeof(char));
+    for (size_t i = 0; i < argc; i++) {
+        // Append argument to string
+        strcat(result, argv[i]);
+
+        // Do not append a trailing separator when we reach the last argument
+        if (i < (argc - 1)) {
+            strcat(result, separator);
+        }
+        free(argv[i]);
+    }
+    free(argv);
+
+    return result;
+}
+
+/**
+ * Extract the string encapsulated by characters listed in `delims`
+ *
+ * ~~~{.c}
+ * char *str = "this is [some data] in a string";
+ * char *data = substring_between(string, "[]");
+ * // data = "some data";
+ * ~~~
+ *
+ * @param sptr string to parse
+ * @param delims two characters surrounding a string
+ * @return success=text between delimiters, failure=NULL
+ */
+char *substring_between(char *sptr, const char *delims) {
+    if (sptr == NULL || delims == NULL) {
+        return NULL;
+    }
+
+    // Ensure we have enough delimiters to continue
+    size_t delim_count = strlen(delims);
+    if (delim_count != 2) {
+        return NULL;
+    }
+
+    // Create pointers to the delimiters
+    char *start = strchr(sptr, delims[0]);
+    if (start == NULL || strlen(start) == 0) {
+        return NULL;
+    }
+
+    char *end = strchr(start + 1, delims[1]);
+    if (end == NULL) {
+        return NULL;
+    }
+
+    start++;    // ignore leading delimiter
+
+    // Get length of the substring
+    ssize_t length = strlen(start);
+    if (length < 0) {
+        return NULL;
+    }
+
+    char *result = (char *)calloc(length + 1, sizeof(char));
+    if (!result) {
+        return NULL;
+    }
+
+    // Copy the contents of the substring to the result
+    char *tmp = result;
+    while (start != end) {
+        *tmp = *start;
+        tmp++;
+        start++;
+    }
+
+    return result;
+}
+
+/*
+ * Comparison functions for `strsort`
+ */
+static int _strsort_alpha_compare(const void *a, const void *b) {
+    const char *aa = *(const char **)a;
+    const char *bb = *(const char **)b;
+    int result = strcmp(aa, bb);
+    return result;
+}
+
+static int _strsort_numeric_compare(const void *a, const void *b) {
+    const char *aa = *(const char **)a;
+    const char *bb = *(const char **)b;
+
+    if (isdigit(*aa) && isdigit(*bb)) {
+        long ia = strtol(aa, NULL, 10);
+        long ib = strtol(bb, NULL, 10);
+
+        if (ia == ib) {
+            return 0;
+        } else if (ia < ib) {
+            return -1;
+        } else if (ia > ib) {
+            return 1;
+        }
+    }
+    return 0;
+}
+
+static int _strsort_asc_compare(const void *a, const void *b) {
+    const char *aa = *(const char**)a;
+    const char *bb = *(const char**)b;
+    size_t len_a = strlen(aa);
+    size_t len_b = strlen(bb);
+    return len_a > len_b;
+}
+
+/*
+ * Helper function for `strsortlen`
+ */
+static int _strsort_dsc_compare(const void *a, const void *b) {
+    const char *aa = *(const char**)a;
+    const char *bb = *(const char**)b;
+    size_t len_a = strlen(aa);
+    size_t len_b = strlen(bb);
+    return len_a < len_b;
+}
+
+/**
+ * Sort an array of strings
+ * @param arr
+ */
+void strsort(char **arr, unsigned int sort_mode) {
+    if (arr == NULL) {
+        return;
+    }
+
+    typedef int (*compar)(const void *, const void *);
+    // Default mode is alphabetic sort
+    compar fn = _strsort_alpha_compare;
+
+    if (sort_mode == SPM_SORT_LEN_DESCENDING) {
+        fn = _strsort_dsc_compare;
+    } else if (sort_mode == SPM_SORT_LEN_ASCENDING) {
+        fn = _strsort_asc_compare;
+    } else if (sort_mode == SPM_SORT_ALPHA) {
+        fn = _strsort_alpha_compare; // ^ still selectable though ^
+    } else if (sort_mode == SPM_SORT_NUMERIC) {
+        fn = _strsort_numeric_compare;
+    }
+
+    size_t arr_size = 0;
+
+    // Determine size of array (+ terminator)
+    for (size_t i = 0; arr[i] != NULL; i++) {
+        arr_size = i;
+    }
+    arr_size++;
+
+    qsort(arr, arr_size, sizeof(char *), fn);
+}
+
+/**
+ * Search for string in an array of strings
+ * @param arr array of strings
+ * @param str string to search for
+ * @return yes=`pointer to string`, no=`NULL`, failure=`NULL`
+ */
+char *strstr_array(char **arr, const char *str) {
+    if (arr == NULL || str == NULL) {
+        return NULL;
+    }
+
+    for (int i = 0; arr[i] != NULL; i++) {
+        if (strstr(arr[i], str) != NULL) {
+            return arr[i];
+        }
+    }
+    return NULL;
+}
+
+/**
+ * Remove duplicate strings from an array of strings
+ * @param arr
+ * @return success=array of unique strings, failure=NULL
+ */
+char **strdeldup(char **arr) {
+    if (!arr) {
+        return NULL;
+    }
+
+    size_t records;
+    // Determine the length of the array
+    for (records = 0; arr[records] != NULL; records++);
+
+    // Allocate enough memory to store the original array contents
+    // (It might not have duplicate values, for example)
+    char **result = (char **)calloc(records + 1, sizeof(char *));
+    if (!result) {
+        return NULL;
+    }
+
+    int rec = 0;
+    size_t i = 0;
+    while(i < records) {
+        // Search for value in results
+        if (strstr_array(result, arr[i]) != NULL) {
+            // value already exists in results so ignore it
+            i++;
+            continue;
+        }
+
+        // Store unique value
+        result[rec] = strdup(arr[i]);
+        if (!result[rec]) {
+            for (size_t die = 0; result[die] != NULL; die++) {
+                free(result[die]);
+            }
+            free(result);
+            return NULL;
+        }
+
+        i++;
+        rec++;
+    }
+    return result;
+}
+
+/** Remove leading whitespace from a string
+ * @param sptr pointer to string
+ * @return pointer to first non-whitespace character in string
+ */
+char *lstrip(char *sptr) {
+    char *tmp = sptr;
+    size_t bytes = 0;
+
+    if (sptr == NULL) {
+        return NULL;
+    }
+
+    while (isblank(*tmp) || isspace(*tmp)) {
+        bytes++;
+        tmp++;
+    }
+    if (tmp != sptr) {
+        memmove(sptr, sptr + bytes, strlen(sptr) - bytes);
+        memset((sptr + strlen(sptr)) - bytes, '\0', bytes);
+    }
+    return sptr;
+}
+
+/**
+ * Remove trailing whitespace from a string
+ * @param sptr string
+ * @return truncated string
+ */
+char *strip(char *sptr) {
+    if (sptr == NULL) {
+        return NULL;
+    }
+
+    size_t len = strlen(sptr);
+    if (len == 0) {
+        return sptr;
+    }
+    else if (len == 1 && (isblank(*sptr) || isspace(*sptr))) {
+        *sptr = '\0';
+        return sptr;
+    }
+    for (size_t i = len; i != 0; --i) {
+        if (sptr[i] == '\0') {
+            continue;
+        }
+        if (isspace(sptr[i]) || isblank(sptr[i])) {
+            sptr[i] = '\0';
+        }
+        else {
+            break;
+        }
+    }
+    return sptr;
+}
+
+/**
+ * Determine if a string is empty
+ * @param sptr pointer to string
+ * @return 0=not empty, 1=empty
+ */
+int isempty(char *sptr) {
+    if (sptr == NULL) {
+        return -1;
+    }
+
+    char *tmp = sptr;
+    while (*tmp) {
+        if (!isblank(*tmp) && !isspace(*tmp) && !iscntrl(*tmp)) {
+            return 0;
+        }
+        tmp++;
+    }
+    return 1;
+}
+
+/**
+ * Determine if a string is encapsulated by quotes
+ * @param sptr pointer to string
+ * @return 0=not quoted, 1=quoted
+ */
+int isquoted(char *sptr) {
+    const char *quotes = "'\"";
+
+    if (sptr == NULL) {
+        return -1;
+    }
+
+    char *quote_open = strpbrk(sptr, quotes);
+    if (!quote_open) {
+        return 0;
+    }
+    char *quote_close = strpbrk(quote_open + 1, quotes);
+    if (!quote_close) {
+        return 0;
+    }
+    return 1;
+}
+
+/**
+ * Determine whether the input character is a relational operator
+ * Note: `~` is non-standard
+ * @param ch
+ * @return 0=no, 1=yes
+ */
+int isrelational(char ch) {
+    char symbols[] = "~!=<>";
+    char *symbol = symbols;
+    while (*symbol != '\0') {
+        if (ch == *symbol) {
+            return 1;
+        }
+        symbol++;
+    }
+    return 0;
+}
+
+/**
+ * Print characters in `s`, `len` times
+ * @param s
+ * @param len
+ */
+void print_banner(const char *s, int len) {
+    size_t s_len = strlen(s);
+    if (!s_len) {
+        return;
+    }
+    for (size_t i = 0; i < (len / s_len); i++) {
+        for (size_t c = 0; c < s_len; c++) {
+            putchar(s[c]);
+        }
+    }
+    putchar('\n');
+}
+
+/**
+ * Collapse whitespace in `s`. The string is modified in place.
+ * @param s
+ * @return pointer to `s`
+ */
+char *normalize_space(char *s) {
+    size_t len;
+    size_t trim_pos;
+    int add_whitespace = 0;
+    char *result = s;
+    char *tmp;
+
+    if (s == NULL) {
+        return NULL;
+    }
+
+    if ((tmp = calloc(strlen(s) + 1, sizeof(char))) == NULL) {
+        perror("could not allocate memory for temporary string");
+        return NULL;
+    }
+    char *tmp_orig = tmp;
+
+    // count whitespace, if any
+    for (trim_pos = 0; isblank(s[trim_pos]); trim_pos++);
+    // trim whitespace from the left, if any
+    memmove(s, &s[trim_pos], strlen(&s[trim_pos]));
+    // cull bytes not part of the string after moving
+    len = strlen(s);
+    s[len - trim_pos] = '\0';
+
+    // Generate a new string with extra whitespace stripped out
+    while (*s != '\0') {
+        // Skip over any whitespace, but record that we encountered it
+        if (isblank(*s)) {
+            s++;
+            add_whitespace = 1;
+            continue;
+        }
+        // This gate avoids filling tmp with whitespace; we want to make our own
+        if (add_whitespace) {
+            *tmp = ' ';
+            tmp++;
+            add_whitespace = 0;
+        }
+        // Write character in s to tmp
+        *tmp = *s;
+        // Increment string pointers
+        s++;
+        tmp++;
+    }
+
+    // Rewrite the input string
+    strcpy(result, tmp_orig);
+    free(tmp_orig);
+    return result;
+}
+
+/**
+ * Duplicate an array of strings
+ * @param array
+ * @return
+ */
+char **strdup_array(char **array) {
+    char **result = NULL;
+    size_t elems = 0;
+
+    // Guard
+    if (array == NULL) {
+        return NULL;
+    }
+
+    // Count elements in `array`
+    for (elems = 0; array[elems] != NULL; elems++);
+
+    // Create new array
+    result = calloc(elems + 1, sizeof(char *));
+    for (size_t i = 0; i < elems; i++) {
+        result[i] = strdup(array[i]);
+    }
+
+    return result;
+}
+
+/**
+ * Compare two arrays of strings
+ *
+ * `a` and/or `b` may be `NULL`. You should test for `NULL` in advance if _your_ program considers this an error condition.
+ *
+ * @param a array of strings
+ * @param b array of strings
+ * @return 0 = identical
+ */
+int strcmp_array(const char **a, const char **b) {
+    size_t a_len = 0;
+    size_t b_len = 0;
+
+    // This could lead to false-positives depending on what the caller plans to achieve
+    if (a == NULL && b == NULL) {
+        return 0;
+    } else if (a == NULL) {
+        return -1;
+    } else if (b == NULL) {
+        return 1;
+    }
+
+    // Get length of arrays
+    for (a_len = 0; a[a_len] != NULL; a_len++);
+    for (b_len = 0; b[b_len] != NULL; b_len++);
+
+    // Check lengths are equal
+    if (a_len < b_len) return (int)(b_len - a_len);
+    else if (a_len > b_len) return (int)(a_len - b_len);
+
+    // Compare strings in the arrays returning the total difference in bytes
+    int result = 0;
+    for (size_t ai = 0, bi = 0 ;a[ai] != NULL || b[bi] != NULL; ai++, bi++) {
+        int status = 0;
+        if ((status = strcmp(a[ai], b[bi]) != 0)) {
+            result += status;
+        }
+    }
+    return result;
+}
+
+/**
+ * Determine whether a string is comprised of digits
+ * @param s
+ * @return 0=no, 1=yes
+ */
+int isdigit_s(const char *s) {
+    for (size_t i = 0; s[i] != '\0'; i++) {
+        if (isdigit(s[i]) == 0) {
+            return 0;   // non-digit found, fail
+        }
+    }
+    return 1;   // all digits, succeed
+}
+
+/**
+ * Convert input string to lowercase
+ * @param s
+ * @return pointer to input string
+ */
+char *tolower_s(char *s) {
+    for (size_t i = 0; s[i] != '\0'; i++) {
+        s[i] = (char)tolower(s[i]);
+    }
+    return s;
+}
+
+char *to_short_version(const char *s) {
+    char *result;
+    result = strdup(s);
+    if (!result) {
+        return NULL;
+    }
+    strchrdel(result, ".");
+    return result;
+}