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<H2><A NAME="SECTION000492000000000000000">SLA_FK45Z - FK4 to FK5, no P.M. or Parallax</A>
<A NAME="xref_SLA_FK45Z"> </A><A NAME="SLA_FK45Z"> </A>
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<DL>
<DT><STRONG>ACTION:</STRONG>
<DD>Convert B1950.0 FK4 star data to J2000.0 FK5 assuming zero
proper motion in the FK5 frame.
This routine converts stars from the old, Bessel-Newcomb, FK4
system to the new, IAU 1976, FK5, Fricke system, in such a
way that the FK5 proper motion is zero. Because such a star
has, in general, a non-zero proper motion in the FK4 system,
the routine requires the epoch at which the position in the
FK4 system was determined. The method is from appendix 2 of
reference 1, but using the constants of reference 4.
<P> <DT><STRONG>CALL:</STRONG>
<DD><TT>CALL sla_FK45Z (R1950,D1950,BEPOCH,R2000,D2000)</TT>
<P> </DL>
<P> <DL>
<DT><STRONG>GIVEN:</STRONG>
<DD>
<BR>
<TABLE CELLPADDING=3>
<TR VALIGN="TOP"><TD ALIGN="LEFT"><EM>R1950</EM></TD>
<TH ALIGN="LEFT"><B>D</B></TH>
<TD ALIGN="LEFT" NOWRAP>B1950.0 FK4 <IMG WIDTH="13" HEIGHT="14" ALIGN="BOTTOM" BORDER="0"
SRC="img24.gif"
ALT="$\alpha$"> at epoch BEPOCH (radians)</TD>
</TR>
<TR VALIGN="TOP"><TD ALIGN="LEFT"><EM>D1950</EM></TD>
<TD ALIGN="LEFT"><B>D</B></TD>
<TD ALIGN="LEFT" NOWRAP>B1950.0 FK4 <IMG WIDTH="10" HEIGHT="13" ALIGN="BOTTOM" BORDER="0"
SRC="img23.gif"
ALT="$\delta$"> at epoch BEPOCH (radians)</TD>
</TR>
<TR VALIGN="TOP"><TD ALIGN="LEFT"><EM>BEPOCH</EM></TD>
<TD ALIGN="LEFT"><B>D</B></TD>
<TD ALIGN="LEFT" NOWRAP>Besselian epoch (<I>e.g.</I> 1979.3D0)</TD>
</TR>
</TABLE></DL>
<P> <DL>
<DT><STRONG>RETURNED:</STRONG>
<DD>
<BR>
<TABLE CELLPADDING=3>
<TR VALIGN="TOP"><TD ALIGN="LEFT"><EM>R2000</EM></TD>
<TH ALIGN="LEFT"><B>D</B></TH>
<TD ALIGN="LEFT" NOWRAP>J2000.0 FK5 <IMG WIDTH="13" HEIGHT="14" ALIGN="BOTTOM" BORDER="0"
SRC="img24.gif"
ALT="$\alpha$"> (radians)</TD>
</TR>
<TR VALIGN="TOP"><TD ALIGN="LEFT"><EM>D2000</EM></TD>
<TD ALIGN="LEFT"><B>D</B></TD>
<TD ALIGN="LEFT" NOWRAP>J2000.0 FK5 <IMG WIDTH="10" HEIGHT="13" ALIGN="BOTTOM" BORDER="0"
SRC="img23.gif"
ALT="$\delta$"> (radians)</TD>
</TR>
</TABLE></DL>
<P> <DL>
<DT><STRONG>NOTES:</STRONG>
<DD><DL COMPACT>
<DT>1.
<DD>The epoch BEPOCH is strictly speaking Besselian, but
if a Julian epoch is supplied the result will be
affected only to a negligible extent.
<DT>2.
<DD>Conversion from Besselian epoch 1950.0 to Julian epoch
2000.0 only is provided for. Conversions involving other
epochs will require use of the appropriate precession,
proper motion, and E-terms routines before and/or
after FK45Z is called.
<DT>3.
<DD>In the FK4 catalogue the proper motions of stars within
<IMG WIDTH="26" HEIGHT="14" ALIGN="BOTTOM" BORDER="0"
SRC="img117.gif"
ALT="$10^{\circ}$"> of the poles do not include the <I>differential
E-terms</I> effect and should, strictly speaking, be handled
in a different manner from stars outside these regions.
However, given the general lack of homogeneity of the star
data available for routine astrometry, the difficulties of
handling positions that may have been determined from
astrometric fields spanning the polar and non-polar regions,
the likelihood that the differential E-terms effect was not
taken into account when allowing for proper motion in past
astrometry, and the undesirability of a discontinuity in
the algorithm, the decision has been made in this routine to
include the effect of differential E-terms on the proper
motions for all stars, whether polar or not. At epoch 2000,
and measuring on the sky rather than in terms of <IMG WIDTH="27" HEIGHT="13" ALIGN="BOTTOM" BORDER="0"
SRC="img118.gif"
ALT="$\Delta\alpha$">, the errors resulting from this simplification are less than
1 milliarcsecond in position and 1 milliarcsecond per
century in proper motion.
<DT>4.
<DD>See also sla_FK425, sla_FK524, sla_FK54Z.
</DL></DL>
<P> <DL>
<DT><STRONG>REFERENCES:</STRONG>
<DD><DL COMPACT>
<DT>1.
<DD>Aoki, S., <I>et al.</I>, 1983. <I>Astr.Astrophys.</I>, <B>128</B>, 263.
<DT>2.
<DD>Smith, C.A. <I>et al.</I>, 1989. <I>Astr.J.</I> <B>97</B>, 265.
<DT>3.
<DD>Yallop, B.D. <I>et al.</I>, 1989. <I>Astr.J.</I> <B>97</B>, 274.
<DT>4.
<DD>Seidelmann, P.K. (ed), 1992. <I>Explanatory
Supplement to the Astronomical Almanac,</I> ISBN 0-935702-68-7.
</DL></DL>
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<ADDRESS>
<I>SLALIB --- Positional Astronomy Library<BR>Starlink User Note 67<BR>P. T. Wallace<BR>12 October 1999<BR>E-mail:ptw@star.rl.ac.uk</I>
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