path: root/pkg/images/immatch/doc/xregister.hlp

.help xregister Dec98 images.immatch
.ih
NAME
xregister -- register 1 and 2D images using X-correlation techniques
.ih
USAGE
xregister input reference regions shifts
.ih
PARAMETERS
.ls input
The list of input images to be registered.
.le
.ls reference
The list of reference images to which the input images are to be registered.
The number of reference images must be one or equal to the number of input
images.
.le
.ls regions
The list of reference image region(s) used to compute the 
x and y shifts.
\fIRegions\fR may be: 1) a list of one or more image sections
separated by whitespace, 2) the name of a text file containing a list
of one or more image sections separated by whitespace and/or newlines,
3) a string of the form "grid nx ny" defining a grid of nx by ny
equally spaced and sized image sections spanning the entire image. Shifts are
computed for each specified region individually and averaged to produce the
final x and y shift.
.le
.ls shifts
The name of the text file where the computed x and y shifts 
are written. If \fIdatabasefmt\fR is "yes",  a single record containing the
computed x and y shifts for each image region and the final average x and y
shift is written to a text database file for each input image.
If \fIdatabasefmt\fR = "no", a single line containing the image name and the
final average x and y shift is written to a simple text file
for each input image.
.le
.ls output = ""
The list of output shifted images. If \fIoutput\fR is the NULL string
then x and y shifts are computed for each input image and written to
\fIshifts\fR but no output images are written. If \fIoutput\fR is not NULL
then the number of output images must equal the number of input images.
.le
.ls databasefmt = yes
If \fIdatabasefmt\fR is "yes" the results are written to a text database
file, otherwise they are written to a simple text file.
.le
.ls records = ""
The list of records to be written to or read from \fIshifts\fR for each
input image. If \fIrecords\fR is NULL then the output or input record names
are assumed to be the names of the input images. If \fIrecords\fR is not NULL
then the record names in \fIrecords\fR are used to write / read the
records. This parameter is useful for users
who, wish to compute the x and y shifts using images that have been processed
in some manner (e.g. smoothed), but apply the computed x and y shifts to the
original unprocessed images. If more then one record
with the same name exists in \fIshifts\fR then the most recently written
record takes precedence. The records parameter is ignored if
\fIdatabasefmt\fR is "no".
.le
.ls append = yes
Append new records to an existing \fIshifts\fR file or start a new shifts
file for each execution of XREGISTER? The append parameter is ignored
if \fIdatabasefmt\fR is "no".
.le
.ls coords = ""
An optional list of coordinates files containing the x and y coordinates of
an object in the reference image on the first line and the x and y coordinates
of the same object in the input image(s) on succeeding lines. The number
of coordinate files must be equal to the number of reference images.
The input coordinates are used to compute initial
values for the x and y lags between the input image and the reference image,
and supersede any non-zero values of \fIxlag\fR, \fIylag\fR, \fIdxlag\fR,
and \fIdylag\fR supplied by the user.
.le
.ls xlag = 0, ylag = 0
The initial x and y lags of the input image with respect to the reference
image. Positive values imply that the input image is shifted
in the direction of increasing x and y values with respect to the
reference image. \fIXlag\fR and \fIylag\fR are overridden if an offset
has been determined using the x and y coordinates in the \fIcoords\fR file.
.le
.ls dxlag = 0, dylag = 0
The increment in \fIxlag\fR and \fIylag\fR to be applied to successive input
images. If \fIdxlag\fR and \fIdylag\fR are set to INDEF then the 
computed x and y lags for the previous image are used as the initial
x and y lags for the current image. This option is useful for images which
were taken as a time sequence and whose x and y the shifts increase or
decrease in a systematic manner.
\fIDxlag\fR and \fIdylag\fR are overridden if an offset
has been determined using x and y coordinates in the \fIcoords\fR file.
.le
.ls background = none
The default background function to be subtracted from the input
and reference image data in each region before the
cross-correlation function is computed. The options are:
.ls none
no background subtraction is done.
.le
.ls mean
the mean of the reference and input image region is computed and subtracted
from the image data.
.le
.ls median
the median of the reference and input image region is computed and subtracted
from the data.
.le
.ls plane
a plane is fit to the reference and input image region and subtracted
from the data.
.le

By default the cross-correlation function is computed in a manner
which removes the mean intensity in the reference and input image regions 
from the data. For many data sets this "correction"  is sufficient to
remove first order background level effects
from the computed cross-correlation function and  no additional
background subtraction is required.
.le
.ls border = INDEF
The width of the border region around the input and reference image data
regions used to compute the background function if \fIbackground\fR
is not "none". By default the entire region is used.
.le
.ls loreject = INDEF, ls hireject = INDEF
The k-sigma rejection limits for removing the effects of bad data from the
background fit.
.le
.ls apodize = 0.0
The fraction of the input and reference image data endpoints in x and y
to apodize with a
cosine bell function before the cross-correlation function is computed.
.le
.ls filter = none
The spatial filter to be applied to the reference and input image
data before the cross-correlation function is computed. The options are:
.ls none
no spatial filtering is performed.
.le
.ls laplace
a Laplacian filter is applied to the reference and input image data.
.le
.le
.ls correlation = discrete
The algorithm used to compute the cross-correlation function. The options
are:
.ls discrete
The cross-correlation function is calculated by computing the discrete
convolution of the reference and input image regions over the x and y 
window of interest.  This technique is most efficient method for small
cross-correlation function x and y search windows.
.le
.ls fourier
The cross-correlation function is calculated by computing the convolution
of the reference and input image regions  using Fourier techniques.
This technique is the most efficient method for computing  the
cross-correlation function for small x and y search windows.
.le
.ls difference
The cross-correlation function is calculated by computing the error
function of the reference and input images as a function of position
in the x and y search window.
.le
.ls file
No cross-correlation function is computed. Instead the previously
computed x and y shifts are read from record \fIrecord\fR in  the text
database file \fIshifts\fR if \fIdatabasefmt\fR is "yes", or the
next line of a simple text file if \fIdatabasefmt\fR is "no".
.le
.le
.ls xwindow = 11, ywindow = 11
The x and y width of the cross-correlation function region
to be computed and/or searched for peaks. The search window corresponds
to shifts of - xwindow / 2 <= xshift <= xwindow /2  and - ywindow / 2 <=
yshift <= ywindow / 2.  \fIXwindow\fR and \fIywindow\fR
are automatically rounded up to the next nearest odd number.
.le
.ls function = centroid
The algorithm used to compute the x and y position of the cross-correlation
function peak.  The options are:
.ls none
the position of the cross-correlation function peak is set to
x and y position of the maximum pixel.
.le
.ls centroid
the position of the cross-correlation function peak is calculated
by computing the intensity-weighted mean of the marginal profiles of
the cross-correlation function in x and y.
.le
.ls sawtooth
the position of the cross-correlation function peak is calculated
by  convolving 1D slices in x and y through the cross-correlation function
with a 1D sawtooth function and using the point at which the peak is
bisected to determine the x and y position of the cross-correlation
peak. 
.le
.ls parabolic
a 1D parabola is fit to 1D slices in x and y through the cross-correlation
function and the fitted coefficients are used to compute the peak of
the cross-correlation function.
.le
.ls mark
mark the peak of the cross-correlation function with the graphics cursor.
This option will only work if \fIinteractive\fR = "yes".
.le
.le
.ls xcbox = 5, ycbox = 5
The width of the box centered on the peak of the cross-correlation function
used to compute the fractional pixel x and y center.
.le
.ls interp_type = "linear"
The interpolant type use to computed the output shifted image.
The choices are the following:
.ls nearest
nearest neighbor.
.le
.ls linear
bilinear interpolation in x and y.
.le
.ls poly3
third order interior polynomial in x and y.
.le
.ls poly5
fifth order interior polynomial in x and y.
.le
.ls spline3
bicubic spline.
.le
.ls sinc
2D sinc interpolation. Users can specify the sinc interpolant width by
appending a width value to the interpolant string, e.g. sinc51 specifies
a 51 by 51 pixel wide sinc interpolant. The sinc width input by the
user will be rounded up to the nearest odd number. The default sinc width
is 31 by 31.
.le
.ls drizzle
2D drizzle resampling. Users can specify the drizzle pixel fractions in x and y
by appending values between 0.0 and 1.0 in square brackets to the
interpolant string, e.g. drizzle[0.5]. The default value is 1.0. The
value 0.0 is increased to 0.001. Drizzle resampling with a pixel fraction
of 1.0 in x and y is identical to bilinear interpolation.
.le
.le
.ls boundary_type = "nearest"
The boundary extension algorithm used to compute the output shifted
image.  The choices are:
.ls nearest
use the value of the nearest boundary pixel.
.le
.ls constant
use a constant value.
.le
.ls reflect
generate a value by reflecting about the boundary.
.le
.ls wrap
generate a value by wrapping around to the opposite side of the image.
.le
.le
.ls constant = 0
The default constant for constant boundary extension.
.le
.ls interactive = no
Compute the cross-correlation function and the shifts for each image
interactively using graphics cursor and optionally image cursor input.
.le
.ls verbose
Print messages about the progress of the task during task execution
in non-interactive mode.
.le
.ls graphics = "stdgraph"
The default graphics device.
.le
.ls display = "stdimage"
The default image display device.
.le
.ls gcommands = ""
The default graphics cursor.
.le
.ls icommands = ""
The default image display cursor.
.le

.ih
DESCRIPTION

XREGISTER computes the x and y shifts required to register a list of input
images \fIinput\fR to a list of reference images \fIreference\fR using
cross-correlation techniques. The computed x and y shifts are stored
in the text file \fIshifts\fR, in the records \fIrecords\fR if
\fIdatabasefmt\fR is "yes" or a single line of a simple text file
if \fIdatabasefmt\fR is "no". One entry is made in the shifts file for
each input image. If a non NULL list of output images
\fIoutput\fR is supplied a shifted output image is written for each input
image. XREGISTER is intended to solve 1D and 2D image registration problems
where the images have the same size, the same pixel scale, are shifted
relative to
each other by simple translations in x and y, and contain one or more
extended features in common that will produce a peak in the computed
cross-correlation function.

The reference image regions used to compute the cross-correlation
function shifts are defined by the parameter
\fIregions\fR. \fIRegions\fR may be:
1) a list of one or more image sections, e.g.
"[100:200,100:200] [400:500,400:500]" separated
by whitespace, 2) the name of a text file containing a list of one or
more image sections separated by whitespace and / or newline characters,
or, 3) a string
of the form "grid nx ny" specifying a grid of nx by ny
image sections spanning the entire reference image.
All reference image regions should be chosen so as to 
include at least one well-defined object or feature. Cross-correlation
functions and x and y shifts are computed independently for each
reference image region
and averaged to produce the final x and y shift for each input image.

By default the initial x and y lags between the input and reference
image are assumed to by 0.0 and 0.0
respectively and each reference image region is cross-correlated
with the identical region in the input image, e.g reference image
region [100:200,100:200] is cross-correlated with input image
region [100:200,100:200].

Non-zero initial guesses for
the x and y shifts for each input image can be input to XREGISTER using
the coordinates file parameter \fIcoords\fR.
\fICoords\fR is a simple text file containing the x
and y coordinates of a  single
object in the reference image in columns one and two
of line one, and the x and y coordinates of the same object in the first
input image in columns one and two of line two, etc. If \fIcoords\fR
is defined there must be one coordinate file for every reference image.
If there are fewer lines of text in \fIcoords\fR than there are 
numbers of reference plus input images, then x and y shifts of 0.0 are
assumed for the extra input images. For example,
if the  user specifies a single input and reference image, sets the
\fIregions\fR parameter to "[100:200,100:200]", and defines
a coordinates file  which contains the numbers 
50.0 50.0 in columns one and two of line one,  and the numbers 52.0 and 52.0
in columns one and two of line two, then the initial x and y
lags for the input image with respect to the reference image will be 2.0
and 2.0 respectively, and the reference image region [100:200,100:200] will be
cross-correlated with the input image region [102:202,102:202]. 

If \fIcoords\fR is NULL, the parameters \fIxlag\fR, \fIylag\fR,
\fIdxlag\fR, and \fIdylag\fR can be used to define initial x and y lags
for each input image. \fIXlag\fR and \fIylag\fR define the x and y lags
of the first input image with respect to the reference image. In the
example above they would be set to 2.0 and 2.0 respectively. Initial
shifts for succeeding images are computed by adding the values of the
\fIdxlag\fR and \fIdylag\fR parameters  to the values of
\fIxlag\fR and \fIylag\fR assumed for the previous image.
If \fIdxlag\fR and \fIdylag\fR are 0.0 and 0.0
the same initial x and y lag will be used for all the input
images. If \fIdxlag\fR and \fIdylag\fR are both finite numbers then these
numbers will be added to
the x and y lags assumed for the previous image. If these numbers
are both INDEF then the computed x and y lags for the previous image
will be used to compute the initial x and y lags for the current image.
Both options can be useful for time series images where the x and y
shifts between successive images display some regular behavior.

Prior to computing the cross-correlation function
large mean background values and gradients should be removed
from the input and reference image data as either
can seriously degrade the peak of the cross-correlation
function.  To first order XREGISTER computes the cross-correlation function
in a manner which removes
the effect of large mean background values from the resulting
function. For many if not most typical data sets the user can safely leave
the parameter \fIbackground\fR at its default value of "none" and
achieve reasonable results. For more demanding data sets the user should
experiment with the "mean", "median", and "plane" background fitting
algorithms which compute and subtract, the mean value, median value, and
a plane from the input and reference image data respectively,
before computing the
cross-correlation function. The region used to compute the background fitting
function can be restricted to a border around the reference and
input image regions by setting the \fIborder\fR parameter. Bad
data can be rejected from the background fit by setting the \fIloreject\fR
and \fIhireject\fR parameters.

A cosine bell function can be applied to the edges of the input and
reference image data before
computing the cross-correlation function by setting the \fIapodize\fR
parameter.

If the \fIfilter\fR parameter is set to "laplace" instead of its default
value of "none" then a Laplacian filter is applied to the input and
reference image data before the cross-correlation function is computed.
This spatial filtering operation effectively
removes both a background and a slope from the input and reference image
data and
highlights regions of the image where the intensity is changing rapidly.
The effectiveness of this filtering operation in sharpening the
correlation peak depends on the degree to
which the intensity in adjacent pixels is correlated.

The cross-correlation function for each region is computed by
discrete convolution, \fIcorrelation\fR = "discrete",
Fourier convolution, \fIcorrelation\fR = "fourier", or by computing
the error function, \fIcorrelation\fR = "difference". The x and y lag
space in pixels around the initial x and y lag over which the cross-correlation 
function is searched for the correlation peak, is specified by the
\fIxwindow\fR and
\fIywindow\fR  parameters. These parameter define a range of x and y lags from
-xwindow / 2 to xwindow / 2 and -ywindow / 2 to ywindow / 2 respectively. For
a given input and reference image region, the
execution time of XREGISTER will depend strongly on both the correlation
algorithm chosen and
the size of the search window. In general users should use discrete
or difference correlation for small search windows and fourier
correlation for large search windows.

The x and y lags for each input and reference image
region are computed by computing
the position of the peak of the cross-correlation function in the
search window using
one of the four centering algorithms: "none", "centroid", "sawtooth",
and "parabolic".

The computed x and y shifts for each region and the final x and y shift
for each input image (where the computed x and y shifts are just the negative
of the computed x and y lags) are written to the shifts file \fIshifts\fR.
If \fIdatabasefmt\fR is "yes" each results is written in a record whose name
is either identical to the name of the input
image or supplied by the user via the \fIrecords\fR parameter .
If \fIdatabasefmt\fR is "no", then a single containing the input image
name and the computed x and y shifts is written to the output shifts file.

If a list of output image names have been supplied then the x and y
shifts will be applied to the input images to compute the output images
using the interpolant type specified by \fIinterp_type\fR and the
boundary extension algorithm specified by \fIboundary\fR and \fIconstant\fR. 

If the \fIcorrelation\fR parameter is set to "file" then the shifts
computed in a previous run of XREGISTER will be read from the \fIshifts\fR
file and applied to the input images to compute the output images.
If no record list is supplied by the user XREGISTER will for each input
image search for
a record whose name is the same as the input image name. If more than
one record of the same name is found then the most recently written
record will be used.

XREGISTER does not currently trim the input images but it computes and
prints the region over which they all overlap in the form of an image
section. Although XREGISTER is designed for use with same sized images,
it may be used with images of varying size.
In this case it is possible for the calculated overlap region to be vignetted,
as XREGISTER currently preserves the size of the input image when it shifts it.
For example if an image is much smaller than the reference image
it is possible for the image to be shifted outside of its own borders.
If the smallest image is used as a reference this will not occur. If
vignetting is detected the vignetted image section is printed on the 
screen. Vignetting may also occur for a list of same-sized images
if the reference image is not included in the input image list, and the
computed shifts are all positive or negative as may occur in a time
sequence. Choosing a reference image with  a shift which is in the
middle of the observed range of shifts in x and y will remove this problem.

In non-interactive mode the parameters are set at task startup
and the input images are processed sequentially. If the \fIverbose\fR
flag is set messages about the progress of the task are printed on the
screen as the task is running.

In interactive mode the user can mark the regions to be used
to compute the cross-correlation function on the image display,
define the initial shifts from the reference image to the input image
on the image display, show/set the data and algorithm parameters,
compute, recompute,  and plot the cross-correlation function, experiment
with the various peak fitting algorithms, and overlay row and column
plots of the input and reference images with and without the initial and / or
computed shifts factored in.

.ih
CURSOR COMMANDS

The following graphics cursor commands are currently available in
XREGISTER.


.nf
		Interactive Keystroke Commands

?	Print help 
:	Colon commands
t	Define the offset between the reference and the input image
c	Draw a contour plot of the cross-correlation function
x	Draw a column plot of the cross-correlation function
y	Draw a line plot of the cross-correlation function
r	Redraw the current plot
f	Recompute the cross-correlation function
o	Enter the image overlay plot submenu 
w	Update the task parameters
q	Exit


		Colon Commands

:mark		Mark regions on the display
:show	        Show the current values of the parameters

		Show/Set Parameters

:reference	[string]    Show/set the current reference image name
:input		[string]    Show/set the current input image name
:regions	[string]    Show/set the regions list
:shifts		{string]    Show/set the shifts database file name
:coords		[string]    Show/set the current coordinates file name
:output		[string]    Show/set the current output image name
:records	[string]    Show/set the current database record name
:xlag		[value]     Show/set the initial lag in x
:ylag		[value]     Show/set the initial lag in y
:dxlag		[value]     Show/set the incremental lag in x
:dylag		[value]     Show/set the incremental lag in y
:cregion	[value]	    Show/set the current region
:background	[string]    Show/set the background fitting function
:border		[value]     Show/set border region for background fitting
:loreject	[value]     Show/set low side k-sigma rejection
:hireject	[value]     Show/set high side k-sigma rejection 
:apodize	[value]	    Show/set percent of end points to apodize
:filter		[string]    Show/set the default spatial filter 
:correlation	[string]    Show/set cross-correlation function 
:xwindow	[value]     Show/set width of correlation window in x
:ywindow	[value]     Show/set width of correlation window in y
:function	[string]    Show/set correlation peak centering function 
:xcbox		[value]	    Show/set the centering box width in x
:ycbox		[value]	    Show/set the centering box width in y
.fi


The following submenu of image cursor commands is also available.

.nf
		Image Overlay Plot Submenu


?	Print help
c  	Overlay the marked column of the reference image
	with the same column of the input image
l  	Overlay the marked line of the reference image
	with the same line of the input image
x 	Overlay the marked column of the reference image
	with the x and y lagged column of the input image
y 	Overlay the marked line of the reference image
	with the x and y lagged line of the input image
v 	Overlay the marked column of the reference image
	with the x and y shifted column of the input image
h 	Overlay the marked line of the reference image
	with the x and y shifted line of the input image
q	Quit 


		Image Overlay Sub-menu Colon Commands

:c  [m] [n] 	Overlay the middle [mth] column of the reference image
		with the mth [nth] column of the input image
:l  [m] [n]	Overlay the middle [mth] line of the reference image
		with the mth [nth]  line of the input image
:x  [m] 	Overlay the middle [mth] column of the reference image
		with the x and y lagged column of the input image
:y  [m] 	Overlay the middle [mth] line of the reference image
		with the x and y lagged line of the input image
:v  [m] 	Overlay the middle [mth] column of the reference image
		with the x and y shifted column of the input image
:h  [m] 	Overlay the middle [mth] line of the reference image
		with the x and y shifted line of the input image
.fi

.ih
ALGORITHMS

The cross-correlation function is computed in the following manner.
The symbols I and R refer to the input and reference images respectively.

.nf
correlation = discrete

        <I> = SUMj SUMi { I[i+xlag,j+ylag] } / (Nx * Ny)
        <R> = SUMj SUMi { R[i,j] } / (Nx * Ny)
     sumsqI = sqrt (SUMj SUMi { (I[i+xlag,j+ylag] - <I>) ** 2 })
     sumsqR = sqrt (SUMj SUMi { (R[i,j] - <R>) ** 2 })

	  X = SUMj SUMi { (I[i+xlag,j+ylag] - <I>) * (R[i,j] - <R>) }
	      ----------------------------------------------------
			 sumsqI * sumsqR


correlation = fourier

        <I> = SUMj SUMi { I[i,j] } / (Nx * Ny)
        <R> = SUMj SUMi { R[i,j] } / (Nx * Ny)
     sumsqI = sqrt (SUMj SUMi { (I[i,j] - <I>) ** 2 })
     sumsqR = sqrt (SUMj SUMi { (R[i,j] - <R>) ** 2 })
       FFTI = FFT { (I - <I>) / sumsqI } 
       FFTR = FFT { (R - <R>) / sumsqR } 

          X = FFTINV { FFTR * conj { FFTI } }


correlation = difference

        <I> = SUMj SUMi { I[i+xlag,j+ylag] } / (Nx * Ny)
        <R> = SUMj SUMi { R[i,j] } / (Nx * Ny)

	  X = SUMj SUMi { abs ((I[i+xlag,j+ylag] - <I>) - (R[i,j] - <R>)) }
	  X = 1.0 - X / max { X }
.fi

.ih
EXAMPLES

1. Register a list of images whose dimensions are all 256 by 256 pixels
and whose shifts with respect to the reference image are all less than
5.0 pixels, using the discrete cross-correlation algorithm and a search
window of 21 pixels in x and y.

.nf
	cl> xregister @inimlist refimage [*,*] shifts.db out=@outimlist \
	    xwindow=21 ywindow=21
.fi

2. Register the previous list of images, but compute the cross_correlation
function using boxcar smoothed versions of the input images.

.nf
	cl> xregister @binimlist brefimage [*,*] shifts.db xwindow=21 \
	    ywindow=21

	cl> xregister @inimlist refimage [*,*] shifts.db out=@outimlist \
	    records=@binimlist correlation=file
.fi

3. Register the previous list of images but write the results to a simple
text file instead of a text database file and do the actual shifting with
the imshift task.

.nf
	cl> xregister @binimlist brefimage [*,*] shifts.db xwindow=21 \
	    ywindow=21 databasefmt-

	cl> fields shifts.db 2,3 > shifts

	cl> imshift @inimlist @outimlist shifts_file=shifts
.fi

4. Register list of 512 by 512 pixel square solar sunspot images that were
observed as a time series. Compute the cross-correlation function using
Fourier techniques, a search window of 21 pixels in x and y, an initial
shift of 10 pixels in x and 1 pixel in y, and use the computed shift of
the previous image as the initial guess for the current image.

.nf
	cl> xregister @inimlist refimage [*,*] shifts.db out=@outimlist \
	    xlag=10 ylag=1 dxlag=INDEF dylag=INDEF correlation=fourier \
	    xwindow=21 ywindow=21
.fi

5. Register two 2K square images interactively using discrete cross-correlation
and an initial search window of 15 pixels in x and y.

.nf
	cl> display refimage

	cl> xregister inimage refimage [900:1100,900:1100] shifts.db \
	    xwindow=15 ywindow=15 interactive+

	    ... a contour plot of the cross-correlation function appears
		with the graphics cursor ready to accept commands

	    ... type x and y to get line and column plots of the cross-
		correlation function at various points and c to return
		to the default contour plot

	    ... type ? to get a list of the available commands

	    ... type :mark to mark a new region on the image display

	    ... type f to recompute the cross-correlation function using
		the new data

	    ... increase the search window to 21 pixels in x and y
		with the :xwindow 21 and :ywindow 21 commands

	    ... type f to recompute the cross-correlation function with the
		new search window

	    ... type o to enter the image data overlay plot submenu, 
		move the cursor to a line in the displayed reference image
		and type l to see of plot of the line in the input and
		reference image, type h to see a plot of the same line in
		the reference image and the x and y shifted line in the input
		image, type q to return to the main menu

	    ... type q to quit the task, and q again to verify the previous
	    	q command
.fi

.ih
TIME REQUIREMENTS
.ih
BUGS
.ih
SEE ALSO
rv.fxcor,proto.imalign,images.imcombine,ctio.immatch,center1d,images.imshift
.endhelp